根据MSDN, Median在Transact-SQL中不能作为聚合函数使用。但是,我想知道是否可以创建此功能(使用create Aggregate函数、用户定义函数或其他方法)。
最好的方法(如果可能的话)是什么——允许在聚合查询中计算中值(假设是数值数据类型)?
根据MSDN, Median在Transact-SQL中不能作为聚合函数使用。但是,我想知道是否可以创建此功能(使用create Aggregate函数、用户定义函数或其他方法)。
最好的方法(如果可能的话)是什么——允许在聚合查询中计算中值(假设是数值数据类型)?
当前回答
这是我能想到的最简单的答案。我的数据处理得很好。如果你想排除某些值,只需在内部select中添加where子句。
SELECT TOP 1
ValueField AS MedianValue
FROM
(SELECT TOP(SELECT COUNT(1)/2 FROM tTABLE)
ValueField
FROM
tTABLE
ORDER BY
ValueField) A
ORDER BY
ValueField DESC
其他回答
我尝试了几种替代方案,但由于我的数据记录有重复的值,ROW_NUMBER版本似乎不是我的选择。这里是我使用的查询(NTILE版本):
SELECT distinct
CustomerId,
(
MAX(CASE WHEN Percent50_Asc=1 THEN TotalDue END) OVER (PARTITION BY CustomerId) +
MIN(CASE WHEN Percent50_desc=1 THEN TotalDue END) OVER (PARTITION BY CustomerId)
)/2 MEDIAN
FROM
(
SELECT
CustomerId,
TotalDue,
NTILE(2) OVER (
PARTITION BY CustomerId
ORDER BY TotalDue ASC) AS Percent50_Asc,
NTILE(2) OVER (
PARTITION BY CustomerId
ORDER BY TotalDue DESC) AS Percent50_desc
FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader SOH
) x
ORDER BY CustomerId;
DECLARE @Obs int
DECLARE @RowAsc table
(
ID INT IDENTITY,
Observation FLOAT
)
INSERT INTO @RowAsc
SELECT Observations FROM MyTable
ORDER BY 1
SELECT @Obs=COUNT(*)/2 FROM @RowAsc
SELECT Observation AS Median FROM @RowAsc WHERE ID=@Obs
以下是我的解决方案:
with tempa as
(
select value,row_number() over (order by value) as Rn,/* Assigning a
row_number */
count(value) over () as Cnt /*Taking total count of the values */
from numbers
where value is not null /* Excluding the null values */
),
tempb as
(
/* Since we don't know whether the number of rows is odd or even, we shall
consider both the scenarios */
select round(cnt/2) as Ref from tempa where mod(cnt,2)=1
union all
select round(cnt/2) a Ref from tempa where mod(cnt,2)=0
union all
select round(cnt/2) + 1 as Ref from tempa where mod(cnt,2)=0
)
select avg(value) as Median_Value
from tempa where rn in
( select Ref from tempb);
下面的查询从一列中的值列表返回中位数。它不能作为聚合函数使用,也不能与聚合函数一起使用,但仍然可以在内部select中使用带有WHERE子句的子查询。
SQL Server 2005+:
SELECT TOP 1 value from
(
SELECT TOP 50 PERCENT value
FROM table_name
ORDER BY value
)for_median
ORDER BY value DESC
使用COUNT聚合, 首先可以计算有多少行,并存储在一个名为@cnt的变量中。然后 你可以计算OFFSET-FETCH过滤器的参数来指定,基于数量排序, 要跳过多少行(偏移值)和筛选多少行(获取值)。
行数 跳过是(@cnt - 1) / 2。很明显,对于奇数,这个计算是正确的,因为 首先对单个中间值减去1,然后再除以2。
这也适用于偶数计数,因为表达式中使用的除法是 整数除法;所以,当一个偶数减去1时,你得到的是一个奇数。
When dividing that odd value by 2, the fraction part of the result (.5) is truncated. The number of rows to fetch is 2 - (@cnt % 2). The idea is that when the count is odd the result of the modulo operation is 1, and you need to fetch 1 row. When the count is even the result of the modulo operation is 0, and you need to fetch 2 rows. By subtracting the 1 or 0 result of the modulo operation from 2, you get the desired 1 or 2, respectively. Finally, to compute the median quantity, take the one or two result quantities, and apply an average after converting the input integer value to a numeric one as follows:
DECLARE @cnt AS INT = (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [Sales].[production].[stocks]);
SELECT AVG(1.0 * quantity) AS median
FROM ( SELECT quantity
FROM [Sales].[production].[stocks]
ORDER BY quantity
OFFSET (@cnt - 1) / 2 ROWS FETCH NEXT 2 - @cnt % 2 ROWS ONLY ) AS D;