如何将datetime对象格式化为带有毫秒的字符串?


当前回答

我假设您的意思是您正在寻找比datetime.datetime.strftime()更快的东西,并且实际上是从utc时间戳中剥离非alpha字符。

你的方法稍微快一点,我认为你可以通过切片字符串来加快速度:

>>> import timeit
>>> t=timeit.Timer('datetime.utcnow().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f")','''
... from datetime import datetime''')
>>> t.timeit(number=10000000)
116.15451288223267

>>> def replaceutc(s):
...     return s\
...         .replace('-','') \
...         .replace(':','') \
...         .replace('.','') \
...         .replace(' ','') \
...         .strip()
... 
>>> t=timeit.Timer('replaceutc(str(datetime.datetime.utcnow()))','''
... from __main__ import replaceutc
... import datetime''')
>>> t.timeit(number=10000000)
77.96774983406067

>>> def sliceutc(s):
...     return s[:4] + s[5:7] + s[8:10] + s[11:13] + s[14:16] + s[17:19] + s[20:]
... 
>>> t=timeit.Timer('sliceutc(str(datetime.utcnow()))','''
... from __main__ import sliceutc
... from datetime import datetime''')
>>> t.timeit(number=10000000)
62.378515005111694

其他回答

使用Python 3.6+,你可以设置isoformat的timespec:

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> datetime.utcnow().isoformat(sep=' ', timespec='milliseconds')
'2019-05-10 09:08:53.155'

使用strftime:

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f')
'20220402055654344968'
import datetime

# convert string into date time format.

str_date = '2016-10-06 15:14:54.322989'
d_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(str_date , '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f')
print(d_date)
print(type(d_date)) # check d_date type.


# convert date time to regular format.

reg_format_date = d_date.strftime("%d %B %Y %I:%M:%S %p")
print(reg_format_date)

# some other date formats.
reg_format_date = d_date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S %p")
print(reg_format_date)
reg_format_date = d_date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
print(reg_format_date)

<<<<<<输出>>>>>>>

2016-10-06 15:14:54.322989    
<class 'datetime.datetime'>    
06 October 2016 03:14:54 PM    
2016-10-06 03:14:54 PM    
2016-10-06 15:14:54

字段宽度格式规范

UNIX date命令允许指定%3将精度降低到3位:

$ date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%3N'
2022-01-01 00:01:23.456

下面是一个自定义函数,它可以在Python中做到这一点:

from datetime import datetime

def strftime_(fmt: str, dt: datetime) -> str:
    tokens = fmt.split("%")
    tokens[1:] = [_format_token(dt, x) for x in tokens[1:]]
    return "".join(tokens)

def _format_token(dt: datetime, token: str) -> str:
    if len(token) == 0:
        return ""
    if token[0].isnumeric():
        width = int(token[0])
        s = dt.strftime(f"%{token[1]}")[:width]
        return f"{s}{token[2:]}"
    return dt.strftime(f"%{token}")

使用示例:

>>> strftime_("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%3f", datetime.now())
'2022-01-01 00:01:23.456'

注:%%不支持。

datetime
t = datetime.datetime.now()
ms = '%s.%i' % (t.strftime('%H:%M:%S'), t.microsecond/1000)
print(ms)
14:44:37.134