还有一个选项是argh。它建立在argparse的基础上，让你可以写这样的东西:

import argh

# declaring:

def echo(text):
    "Returns given word as is."
    return text

def greet(name, greeting='Hello'):
    "Greets the user with given name. The greeting is customizable."
    return greeting + ', ' + name

# assembling:

parser = argh.ArghParser()
parser.add_commands([echo, greet])

# dispatching:

if __name__ == '__main__':
    parser.dispatch()

它将自动生成帮助等等，您可以使用装饰器来提供关于参数解析应该如何工作的额外指导。

我的解是入口点2。例子:

from entrypoint2 import entrypoint
@entrypoint
def add(file, quiet=True): 
    ''' This function writes report.

    :param file: write report to FILE
    :param quiet: don't print status messages to stdout
    '''
    print file,quiet

帮助文本:

usage: report.py [-h] [-q] [--debug] file

This function writes report.

positional arguments:
  file         write report to FILE

optional arguments:
  -h, --help   show this help message and exit
  -q, --quiet  don't print status messages to stdout
  --debug      set logging level to DEBUG

import sys

print("\n".join(sys.argv))

sys。Argv是一个列表，它包含在命令行上传递给脚本的所有参数。sys。Argv[0]为脚本名称。

基本上,

import sys
print(sys.argv[1:])

标准库中的规范解决方案是argparse (docs):

这里有一个例子:

from argparse import ArgumentParser

parser = ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("-f", "--file", dest="filename",
                    help="write report to FILE", metavar="FILE")
parser.add_argument("-q", "--quiet",
                    action="store_false", dest="verbose", default=True,
                    help="don't print status messages to stdout")

args = parser.parse_args()

Argparse支持(除其他外):

任意顺序的多个选项。 选择做空和做多。 默认值。 生成使用帮助消息。

同样在python3中，你可能会发现使用Extended Iterable Unpacking来处理可选的位置参数很方便，没有额外的依赖关系:

try:
   _, arg1, arg2, arg3, *_ = sys.argv + [None] * 2
except ValueError:
   print("Not enough arguments", file=sys.stderr) # unhandled exception traceback is meaningful enough also
   exit(-1)

上面的argv解包使arg2和arg3成为“可选的”——如果在argv中没有指定它们，它们将是None，而如果没有指定第一个，ValueError将被解析:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 3, in <module>
    _, arg1, arg2, arg3, *_ = sys.argv + [None] * 2
ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected at least 4, got 3)

只是四处宣传argparse，因为这些原因它更好。从本质上讲:

(从链接复制)

argparse module can handle positional and optional arguments, while optparse can handle only optional arguments argparse isn’t dogmatic about what your command line interface should look like - options like -file or /file are supported, as are required options. Optparse refuses to support these features, preferring purity over practicality argparse produces more informative usage messages, including command-line usage determined from your arguments, and help messages for both positional and optional arguments. The optparse module requires you to write your own usage string, and has no way to display help for positional arguments. argparse supports action that consume a variable number of command-line args, while optparse requires that the exact number of arguments (e.g. 1, 2, or 3) be known in advance argparse supports parsers that dispatch to sub-commands, while optparse requires setting allow_interspersed_args and doing the parser dispatch manually

我个人最喜欢的是:

Argparse允许类型和 add_argument()的操作参数 用simple指定 调用对象，而optparse需要 破解类属性，比如 获取STORE_ACTIONS或CHECK_METHODS 正确的参数检查