The best way to wait for page loads when using the Java bindings for WebDriver is to use the Page Object design pattern with PageFactory. This allows you to utilize the AjaxElementLocatorFactory which to put it simply acts as a global wait for all of your elements. It has limitations on elements such as drop-boxes or complex javascript transitions but it will drastically reduce the amount of code needed and speed up test times. A good example can be found in this blogpost. Basic understanding of Core Java is assumed.

http://startingwithseleniumwebdriver.blogspot.ro/2015/02/wait-in-page-factory.html

使用隐式等待等待页面上的每个元素直到给定的时间。

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

这将等待页面上的每个元素30秒。

另一种等待是显式等待或有条件等待，在这个等待直到给定条件。

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 40);
WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("someid")));

在id中，给出静态元素id，一旦页面加载，它就会不小心显示在页面上。

我所见过的最好的方法是利用stalenessOf ExpectedCondition，等待旧页面变得陈旧。

例子:

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);

WebElement oldHtml = driver.findElement(By.tagName("html"));
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.stalenessOf(oldHtml));

它将等待十秒钟，让旧的HTML标记变得陈旧，如果没有发生，则抛出异常。

如果有人使用硒化物:

public static final Long SHORT_WAIT = 5000L; // 5 seconds
$("some_css_selector").waitUntil(Condition.appear, SHORT_WAIT);

更多条件可以在这里找到: http://selenide.org/javadoc/3.0/com/codeborne/selenide/Condition.html

如果你设置了驱动程序的隐式等待，然后调用findElement方法在你期望加载页面上的元素上，WebDriver将轮询该元素，直到找到该元素或达到超时值。

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

来源:implicit-waits

SeleniumWaiter:

import com.google.common.base.Function;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class SeleniumWaiter {

      private WebDriver driver;

      public SeleniumWaiter(WebDriver driver) {
           this.driver = driver;
      }

      public WebElement waitForMe(By locatorname, int timeout){
           WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, timeout);
           return wait.until(SeleniumWaiter.presenceOfElementLocated(locatorname));
      }

      public static Function<WebDriver, WebElement> presenceOfElementLocated(final By locator) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            return new Function<WebDriver, WebElement>() {
                 @Override
                 public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {
                      return driver.findElement(locator);
                 }
            };
      }
 }

对你来说:

_waiter = new SeleniumWaiter(_driver);

try {
   _waiter.waitForMe(By.xpath("//..."), 10);
} 
catch (Exception e) {
   // Error
}