迟来的派对，使用来自@Majal的想法，这是我的脚本，只启动emacsclient GUI的一个实例。有了它，我可以设置快捷键打开或跳回相同的瘦弱。我有另一个脚本调用emacsclient在终端当我需要它。在这里使用emacsclient只是为了展示一个实际的例子，人们可以选择其他的东西。对于我的小脚本来说，这种方法足够快、足够好。告诉我哪里脏:)

#!/bin/bash

# if [ $(pgrep -c $(basename $0)) -lt 2 ]; then # this works but requires script name to be unique
if [ $(pidof -x "$0"|wc -w ) -lt 3 ]; then
    echo -e "Starting $(basename $0)"
    emacsclient --alternate-editor="" -c "$@"
else
    echo -e "$0 is running already"
fi

又快又脏?

#!/bin/sh

if [ -f sometempfile ]
  echo "Already running... will now terminate."
  exit
else
  touch sometempfile
fi

..do what you want here..

rm sometempfile

创建一个锁定文件在一个已知的位置，并检查是否存在脚本启动?如果有人试图追踪阻止脚本执行的错误实例，那么将PID放在文件中可能会有帮助。

已经回答了一百万次了，但是另一种方式，不需要外部依赖:

LOCK_FILE="/var/lock/$(basename "$0").pid"
trap "rm -f ${LOCK_FILE}; exit" INT TERM EXIT
if [[ -f $LOCK_FILE && -d /proc/`cat $LOCK_FILE` ]]; then
   // Process already exists
   exit 1
fi
echo $$ > $LOCK_FILE

每次它将当前PID($$)写入锁文件，并在脚本启动时检查进程是否正在使用最新的PID运行。

下面是一种方法，它结合了原子目录锁定和通过PID检查过期锁，如果过期就重新启动。此外，这并不依赖于任何羞怯。

#!/bin/dash

SCRIPTNAME=$(basename $0)
LOCKDIR="/var/lock/${SCRIPTNAME}"
PIDFILE="${LOCKDIR}/pid"

if ! mkdir $LOCKDIR 2>/dev/null
then
    # lock failed, but check for stale one by checking if the PID is really existing
    PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
    if ! kill -0 $PID 2>/dev/null
    then
       echo "Removing stale lock of nonexistent PID ${PID}" >&2
       rm -rf $LOCKDIR
       echo "Restarting myself (${SCRIPTNAME})" >&2
       exec "$0" "$@"
    fi
    echo "$SCRIPTNAME is already running, bailing out" >&2
    exit 1
else
    # lock successfully acquired, save PID
    echo $$ > $PIDFILE
fi

trap "rm -rf ${LOCKDIR}" QUIT INT TERM EXIT


echo hello

sleep 30s

echo bye

下面这一行的回答来自一个与Ask Ubuntu问答相关的人:

[ "${FLOCKER}" != "$0" ] && exec env FLOCKER="$0" flock -en "$0" "$0" "$@" || :
#     This is useful boilerplate code for shell scripts.  Put it at the top  of
#     the  shell script you want to lock and it'll automatically lock itself on
#     the first run.  If the env var $FLOCKER is not set to  the  shell  script
#     that  is being run, then execute flock and grab an exclusive non-blocking
#     lock (using the script itself as the lock file) before re-execing  itself
#     with  the right arguments.  It also sets the FLOCKER env var to the right
#     value so it doesn't run again.