Options menu in android can be customized to set the background or change the text appearance. The background and text color in the menu couldn’t be changed using themes and styles. The android source code (data\res\layout\icon_menu_item_layout.xml)uses a custom item of class “com.android.internal.view.menu.IconMenuItem”View for the menu layout. We can make changes in the above class to customize the menu. To achieve the same, use LayoutInflater factory class and set the background and text color for the view.

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();
    inflater.inflate(R.menu.my_menu, menu);
    getLayoutInflater().setFactory(new Factory() {
        @Override
        public View onCreateView(String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
            if (name .equalsIgnoreCase(“com.android.internal.view.menu.IconMenuItemView”)) {
                try{
                    LayoutInflater f = getLayoutInflater();
                    final View view = f.createView(name, null, attrs);
                    new Handler().post(new Runnable() {
                        public void run() {
                            // set the background drawable
                            view .setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.my_ac_menu_background);

                            // set the text color
                            ((TextView) view).setTextColor(Color.WHITE);
                        }
                    });
                    return view;
                } catch (InflateException e) {
                    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {}
            }
            return null;
        }
    });
    return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
}

最简单的方法为单个工具栏定制菜单颜色，而不是为AppTheme

    <android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme.AppBarOverlay.MenuBlue">
        <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
            android:id="@+id/toolbar"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"/>
    </android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>

xml上常用的工具栏

<style name="AppTheme.AppBarOverlay" parent="ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark.ActionBar"/>

自定义工具栏样式

<style name="AppTheme.AppBarOverlay.MenuBlue">
    <item name="actionMenuTextColor">@color/blue</item>
</style>

我的情况是在选项菜单中设置文本颜色(主应用程序菜单显示在菜单按钮按下)。

在API 16中测试，使用AppCompat -v7-27.0.2库，MainActivity的AppCompat活动和AndroidManifest.xml应用程序的AppCompat主题。

styles.xml:

<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
  <item name="actionBarPopupTheme">@style/PopupTheme</item>
</style>

<style name="PopupTheme" parent="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light">
  <item name="android:textColorSecondary">#f00</item>
</style>

不知道textColorSecondary是否影响其他元素，但它控制菜单文本的颜色。

我搜索了一些关于这个主题的示例，但所有现成的代码片段都不起作用。

所以我想用appcompat-v7库的源代码(特别是.aar包的res文件夹)来研究它。

不过在我的例子中，我使用了带有爆炸性.aar依赖项的Eclipse。因此，我可以更改默认样式并检查结果。不知道如何爆炸库与Gradle或Android Studio直接使用。它值得进行另一项调查。

所以我的目的是找到res/values/values.xml文件中用于菜单文本的颜色(我几乎确定颜色在那里)。

I opened that file, then duplicated all colors, put them below the default ones to override them and assigned #f00 value to all of them. Start the app. Many elements had red background or text color. And the menu items too. That was what I needed. Removing my added colors by blocks of 5-10 lines I ended with the secondary_text_default_material_light color item. Searching that name in the files within the res folder (or better within res/colors) I found only one occurrence in the color/abc_secondary_text_material_light.xml file (I used Sublime Text for these operations so it's easier to find thing I need). Back to the values.xml 8 usages were found for the @color/abc_secondary_text_material_light. It was a Light theme so 4 left in 2 themes: Base.ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light and Platform.AppCompat.Light. The first theme was a child of the second one so there were only 2 attributes with that color resource: android:textColorSecondary and android:textColorTertiaryin the Base.ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light. Changing their values directly in the values.xml and running the app I found that the final correct attribute was android:textColorSecondary. Next I needed a theme or another attribute so I could change it in my app's style.xml (because my theme had as the parent the Theme.AppCompat.Light and not the ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light). I searched in the same file for the Base.ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light. It had a child ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light. Searching for the ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light I found its usage in the Base.Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar theme as the actionBarPopupTheme attribute value. My app's theme Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar was a child of the found Base.Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar so I could use that attribute in my styles.xml without problems. As it's seen in the example code above I created a child theme from the mentioned ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light and changed the android:textColorSecondary attribute.

如果要为单个菜单项设置颜色，自定义工具栏主题不是正确的解决方案。为了实现这一点，你可以使用android:actionLayout和菜单项的动作视图。

首先为操作视图创建一个XML布局文件。在这个例子中，我们使用一个按钮作为一个动作视图:

menu_button.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/menuButton"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Done"
        android:textColor="?android:attr/colorAccent"
        style="?android:attr/buttonBarButtonStyle"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

在上面的代码片段中，我们使用android:textColor="?android:attr/colorAccent"自定义按钮文本颜色。

然后在菜单的XML布局文件中，包括app:actionLayout="@layout/menu_button"，如下所示:

main_menu.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">

    <item
        android:id="@+id/menuItem"
        android:title=""
        app:actionLayout="@layout/menu_button"
        app:showAsAction="always"/>
</menu>

最后重写oncreateoptionsmmenu()方法在你的活动:

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main_menu, menu);
    MenuItem item = menu.findItem(R.id.menuItem);
    Button saveButton = item.getActionView().findViewById(R.id.menuButton);
    saveButton.setOnClickListener(view -> {
        // Do something
    });
    return true;
}

.．.或片段:

@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(@NonNull Menu menu, @NonNull MenuInflater inflater){
    inflater.inflate(R.menu.main_menu, menu);
    MenuItem item = menu.findItem(R.id.menuItem);
    Button saveButton = item.getActionView().findViewById(R.id.menuButton);
    button.setOnClickListener(view -> {
        // Do something
    });
}

有关操作视图的更多细节，请参阅Android开发者指南。

为了改变文本颜色，你可以为MenuItem设置一个自定义视图，然后你可以为文本定义颜色。 示例代码:MenuItem.setActionView()

感谢您提供的代码示例。 我不得不修改它，让它与上下文菜单一起工作。 这就是我的解。

    static final Class<?>[] constructorSignature = new Class[] {Context.class, AttributeSet.class};

class MenuColorFix implements LayoutInflater.Factory {
    public View onCreateView(String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        if (name.equalsIgnoreCase("com.android.internal.view.menu.ListMenuItemView")) {
            try {
                Class<? extends ViewGroup> clazz = context.getClassLoader().loadClass(name).asSubclass(ViewGroup.class);
                Constructor<? extends ViewGroup> constructor = clazz.getConstructor(constructorSignature);
                final ViewGroup view = constructor.newInstance(new Object[]{context,attrs});

                new Handler().post(new Runnable() {
                    public void run() {
                        try {
                            view.setBackgroundColor(Color.BLACK);
                            List<View> children = getAllChildren(view);
                            for(int i = 0; i< children.size(); i++) {
                                View child = children.get(i);
                                if ( child instanceof TextView ) {
                                    ((TextView)child).setTextColor(Color.WHITE);
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        catch (Exception e) {
                            Log.i(TAG, "Caught Exception!",e);
                        }

                    }
                });
                return view;
            }
            catch (Exception e) {
                Log.i(TAG, "Caught Exception!",e);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }       
}

public List<View> getAllChildren(ViewGroup vg) {
    ArrayList<View> result = new ArrayList<View>();
    for ( int i = 0; i < vg.getChildCount(); i++ ) {
        View child = vg.getChildAt(i);
        if ( child instanceof ViewGroup) {
            result.addAll(getAllChildren((ViewGroup)child));
        }
        else {
            result.add(child);
        }
    }
    return result;
}

@Override
public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
    LayoutInflater lInflater = getLayoutInflater();
    if ( lInflater.getFactory() == null ) {
        lInflater.setFactory(new MenuColorFix());
    }
    super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
    MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();
    inflater.inflate(R.menu.myMenu, menu);
}

对我来说，这适用于Android 1.6、2.03和4.03。