从2012年11月13日起，在ViewPager中重新调整片段似乎变得容易多了。谷歌发布的Android 4.2支持嵌套片段，在新的Android支持库v11中也支持它，所以这将一直工作到1.6

It's very similiar to the normal way of replacing a fragment except you use getChildFragmentManager. It seems to work except the nested fragment backstack isn't popped when the user clicks the back button. As per the solution in that linked question, you need to manually call the popBackStackImmediate() on the child manager of the fragment. So you need to override onBackPressed() of the ViewPager activity where you'll get the current fragment of the ViewPager and call getChildFragmentManager().popBackStackImmediate() on it.

获取当前正在显示的片段也有点棘手，我使用了这个肮脏的“android:switcher:VIEWPAGER_ID:INDEX”解决方案，但你也可以跟踪ViewPager的所有片段，正如本页上第二个解决方案所解释的那样。

这是我的代码，当用户单击一行时，ViewPager会显示一个详细的视图，后退按钮工作。为了简洁起见，我尝试只包括相关代码，所以如果你想要完整的应用程序上传到GitHub，请留下评论。

HomeActivity.java

 public class HomeActivity extends SherlockFragmentActivity {
FragmentAdapter mAdapter;
ViewPager mPager;
TabPageIndicator mIndicator;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main);
    mAdapter = new FragmentAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());
    mPager = (ViewPager)findViewById(R.id.pager);
    mPager.setAdapter(mAdapter);
    mIndicator = (TabPageIndicator)findViewById(R.id.indicator);
    mIndicator.setViewPager(mPager);
}

// This the important bit to make sure the back button works when you're nesting fragments. Very hacky, all it takes is some Google engineer to change that ViewPager view tag to break this in a future Android update.
@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    Fragment fragment = (Fragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag("android:switcher:" + R.id.pager + ":"+mPager.getCurrentItem());
    if (fragment != null) // could be null if not instantiated yet
    {
        if (fragment.getView() != null) {
            // Pop the backstack on the ChildManager if there is any. If not, close this activity as normal.
            if (!fragment.getChildFragmentManager().popBackStackImmediate()) {
                finish();
            }
        }
    }
}

class FragmentAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {        
    public FragmentAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {
        super(fm);
    }

    @Override
    public Fragment getItem(int position) {
        switch (position) {
        case 0:
            return ListProductsFragment.newInstance();
        case 1:
            return ListActiveSubstancesFragment.newInstance();
        case 2:
            return ListProductFunctionsFragment.newInstance();
        case 3:
            return ListCropsFragment.newInstance();
        default:
            return null;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return 4;
    }

 }
}

ListProductsFragment.java

public class ListProductsFragment extends SherlockFragment {
private ListView list;

public static ListProductsFragment newInstance() {
    ListProductsFragment f = new ListProductsFragment();
    return f;
}

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    View V = inflater.inflate(R.layout.list, container, false);
    list = (ListView)V.findViewById(android.R.id.list);
    list.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
        public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
            int position, long id) {
          // This is important bit
          Fragment productDetailFragment = FragmentProductDetail.newInstance();
          FragmentTransaction transaction = getChildFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
          transaction.addToBackStack(null);
          transaction.replace(R.id.products_list_linear, productDetailFragment).commit();
        }
      });       
    return V;
}
}

经过研究，我找到了短代码的解决方案。 首先，在fragment上创建一个公共实例，如果fragment没有在方向改变上重新创建，则在onSaveInstanceState上删除你的fragment。

 @Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
    if (null != mCalFragment) {
        FragmentTransaction bt = getChildFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
        bt.remove(mFragment);
        bt.commit();
    }
    super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
}

我按照@wize和@mdelolmo的答案，我得到了解决方案。由于吨。但是，我稍微调整了这些解决方案，以提高内存消耗。

我观察到的问题:

它们保存被替换的Fragment实例。在我的情况下，它是一个持有MapView的片段，我认为它的成本很高。所以，我维护FragmentPagerPositionChanged (POSITION_NONE或POSITION_UNCHANGED)而不是Fragment本身。

这是我的实现。

  public static class DemoCollectionPagerAdapter extends FragmentStatePagerAdapter {

    private SwitchFragListener mSwitchFragListener;
    private Switch mToggle;
    private int pagerAdapterPosChanged = POSITION_UNCHANGED;
    private static final int TOGGLE_ENABLE_POS = 2;


    public DemoCollectionPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm, Switch toggle) {
        super(fm);
        mToggle = toggle;

        mSwitchFragListener = new SwitchFragListener();
        mToggle.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener() {
            @Override
            public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {
                mSwitchFragListener.onSwitchToNextFragment();
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public Fragment getItem(int i) {
        switch (i)
        {
            case TOGGLE_ENABLE_POS:
                if(mToggle.isChecked())
                {
                    return TabReplaceFragment.getInstance();
                }else
                {
                    return DemoTab2Fragment.getInstance(i);
                }

            default:
                return DemoTabFragment.getInstance(i);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return 5;
    }

    @Override
    public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
        return "Tab " + (position + 1);
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemPosition(Object object) {

        //  This check make sures getItem() is called only for the required Fragment
        if (object instanceof TabReplaceFragment
                ||  object instanceof DemoTab2Fragment)
            return pagerAdapterPosChanged;

        return POSITION_UNCHANGED;
    }

    /**
     * Switch fragments Interface implementation
     */
    private final class SwitchFragListener implements
            SwitchFragInterface {

        SwitchFragListener() {}

        public void onSwitchToNextFragment() {

            pagerAdapterPosChanged = POSITION_NONE;
            notifyDataSetChanged();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Interface to switch frags
     */
    private interface SwitchFragInterface{
        void onSwitchToNextFragment();
    }
}

演示链接在这里..https://youtu.be/l_62uhKkLyM

出于演示目的，在位置2处使用了两个片段TabReplaceFragment和DemoTab2Fragment。在所有其他情况下，我使用DemoTabFragment实例。

解释:

我将Switch从Activity传递到DemoCollectionPagerAdapter。基于这个开关的状态，我们将显示正确的片段。当开关检查被更改时，我调用SwitchFragListener的onSwitchToNextFragment方法，其中我将pagerAdapterPosChanged变量的值更改为POSITION_NONE。查看更多关于POSITION_NONE的信息。这将使getItem无效，我有逻辑实例化正确的片段在那里。抱歉，如果解释得有点乱的话。

再次感谢@wize和@mdelolmo的原创想法。

希望这对你有帮助。：）

如果这个实现有任何缺陷，请告诉我。那将对我的项目大有帮助。

一些提出的解决方案帮助我很多，部分解决问题，但仍有一个重要的事情，在解决方案中产生了意想不到的异常和黑页内容，而不是在某些情况下的片段内容。

问题是FragmentPagerAdapter类使用条目ID将缓存的片段存储到FragmentManager中。出于这个原因，您还需要重写getItemId(int position)方法，以便它返回例如顶级页面的位置和详细页面的100 +位置。否则，之前创建的顶级片段将从缓存返回，而不是细节级片段。

Furthermore, I'm sharing here a complete example how to implement tabs-like activity with Fragment pages using ViewPager and tab buttons using RadioGroup that allows replacement of top-level pages with detailed pages and also supports back button. This implementation supports only one level of back stacking (item list - item details) but multi-level back stacking implementation is straightforward. This example works pretty well in normal cases except of it is throwing a NullPointerException in case when you switch to e. g. second page, change the fragment of the first page (while not visible) and return back to the first page. I'll post a solution to this issue once I'll figure it out:

public class TabsActivity extends FragmentActivity {

  public static final int PAGE_COUNT = 3;
  public static final int FIRST_PAGE = 0;
  public static final int SECOND_PAGE = 1;
  public static final int THIRD_PAGE = 2;

  /**
   * Opens a new inferior page at specified tab position and adds the current page into back
   * stack.
   */
  public void startPage(int position, Fragment content) {
    // Replace page adapter fragment at position.
    mPagerAdapter.start(position, content);
  }

  @Override
  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    // Initialize basic layout.
    this.setContentView(R.layout.tabs_activity);

    // Add tab fragments to view pager.
    {
      // Create fragments adapter.
      mPagerAdapter = new PagerAdapter(pager);
      ViewPager pager = (ViewPager) super.findViewById(R.id.tabs_view_pager);
      pager.setAdapter(mPagerAdapter);

      // Update active tab in tab bar when page changes.
      pager.setOnPageChangeListener(new ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener() {
        @Override
        public void onPageScrolled(int index, float value, int nextIndex) {
          // Not used.
        }

        @Override
        public void onPageSelected(int index) {
          RadioGroup tabs_radio_group = (RadioGroup) TabsActivity.this.findViewById(
            R.id.tabs_radio_group);
          switch (index) {
            case 0: {
              tabs_radio_group.check(R.id.first_radio_button);
            }
            break;
            case 1: {
              tabs_radio_group.check(R.id.second_radio_button);
            }
            break;
            case 2: {
              tabs_radio_group.check(R.id.third_radio_button);
            }
            break;
          }
        }

        @Override
        public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int index) {
          // Not used.
        }
      });
    }

    // Set "tabs" radio group on checked change listener that changes the displayed page.
    RadioGroup radio_group = (RadioGroup) this.findViewById(R.id.tabs_radio_group);
    radio_group.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener() {
      @Override
      public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup radioGroup, int id) {
        // Get view pager representing tabs.
        ViewPager view_pager = (ViewPager) TabsActivity.this.findViewById(R.id.tabs_view_pager);
        if (view_pager == null) {
          return;
        }

        // Change the active page.
        switch (id) {
          case R.id.first_radio_button: {
            view_pager.setCurrentItem(FIRST_PAGE);
          }
          break;
          case R.id.second_radio_button: {
            view_pager.setCurrentItem(SECOND_PAGE);
          }
          break;
          case R.id.third_radio_button: {
            view_pager.setCurrentItem(THIRD_PAGE);
          }
          break;
        }
      });
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void onBackPressed() {
    if (!mPagerAdapter.back()) {
      super.onBackPressed();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Serves the fragments when paging.
   */
  private class PagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {

    public PagerAdapter(ViewPager container) {
      super(TabsActivity.this.getSupportFragmentManager());

      mContainer = container;
      mFragmentManager = TabsActivity.this.getSupportFragmentManager();

      // Prepare "empty" list of fragments.
      mFragments = new ArrayList<Fragment>(){};
      mBackFragments = new ArrayList<Fragment>(){};
      for (int i = 0; i < PAGE_COUNT; i++) {
        mFragments.add(null);
        mBackFragments.add(null);
      }
    }

    /**
     * Replaces the view pager fragment at specified position.
     */
    public void replace(int position, Fragment fragment) {
      // Get currently active fragment.
      Fragment old_fragment = mFragments.get(position);
      if (old_fragment == null) {
        return;
      }

      // Replace the fragment using transaction and in underlaying array list.
      // NOTE .addToBackStack(null) doesn't work
      this.startUpdate(mContainer);
      mFragmentManager.beginTransaction().setTransition(FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_OPEN)
        .remove(old_fragment).add(mContainer.getId(), fragment)
        .commit();
      mFragments.set(position, fragment);
      this.notifyDataSetChanged();
      this.finishUpdate(mContainer);
    }

    /**
     * Replaces the fragment at specified position and stores the current fragment to back stack
     * so it can be restored by #back().
     */
    public void start(int position, Fragment fragment) {
      // Remember current fragment.
      mBackFragments.set(position, mFragments.get(position));

      // Replace the displayed fragment.
      this.replace(position, fragment);
    }

    /**
     * Replaces the current fragment by fragment stored in back stack. Does nothing and returns
     * false if no fragment is back-stacked.
     */
    public boolean back() {
      int position = mContainer.getCurrentItem();
      Fragment fragment = mBackFragments.get(position);
      if (fragment == null) {
        // Nothing to go back.
        return false;
      }

      // Restore the remembered fragment and remove it from back fragments.
      this.replace(position, fragment);
      mBackFragments.set(position, null);
      return true;
    }

    /**
     * Returns fragment of a page at specified position.
     */
    @Override
    public Fragment getItem(int position) {
      // If fragment not yet initialized, create its instance.
      if (mFragments.get(position) == null) {
        switch (position) {
          case FIRST_PAGE: {
            mFragments.set(FIRST_PAGE, new DefaultFirstFragment());
          }
          break;
          case SECOND_PAGE: {
            mFragments.set(SECOND_PAGE, new DefaultSecondFragment());
          }
          break;
          case THIRD_PAGE: {
            mFragments.set(THIRD_PAGE, new DefaultThirdFragment());
          }
          break;
        }
      }

      // Return fragment instance at requested position.
      return mFragments.get(position);
    }

    /**
     * Custom item ID resolution. Needed for proper page fragment caching.
     * @see FragmentPagerAdapter#getItemId(int).
     */
    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
      // Fragments from second level page hierarchy have their ID raised above 100. This is
      // important to FragmentPagerAdapter because it is caching fragments to FragmentManager with
      // this item ID key.
      Fragment item = mFragments.get(position);
      if (item != null) {
        if ((item instanceof NewFirstFragment) || (item instanceof NewSecondFragment) ||
          (item instanceof NewThirdFragment)) {
          return 100 + position;
        }
      }

      return position;
    }

    /**
     * Returns number of pages.
     */
    @Override
    public int getCount() {
      return mFragments.size();
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemPosition(Object object)
    {
      int position = POSITION_UNCHANGED;
      if ((object instanceof DefaultFirstFragment) || (object instanceof NewFirstFragment)) {
        if (object.getClass() != mFragments.get(FIRST_PAGE).getClass()) {
          position = POSITION_NONE;
        }
      }
      if ((object instanceof DefaultSecondragment) || (object instanceof NewSecondFragment)) {
        if (object.getClass() != mFragments.get(SECOND_PAGE).getClass()) {
          position = POSITION_NONE;
        }
      }
      if ((object instanceof DefaultThirdFragment) || (object instanceof NewThirdFragment)) {
        if (object.getClass() != mFragments.get(THIRD_PAGE).getClass()) {
          position = POSITION_NONE;
        }
      }
      return position;
    }

    private ViewPager mContainer;
    private FragmentManager mFragmentManager;

    /**
     * List of page fragments.
     */
    private List<Fragment> mFragments;

    /**
     * List of page fragments to return to in onBack();
     */
    private List<Fragment> mBackFragments;
  }

  /**
   * Tab fragments adapter.
   */
  private PagerAdapter mPagerAdapter;
}

我已经创建了一个ViewPager 3个元素和2个子元素的索引2和3和这里我想做的。

我已经在StackOverFlow之前的问题和答案的帮助下实现了这一点，这里是链接。

ViewPagerChildFragments

我做了一些类似于wize的事情，但在我的回答中，你可以随时在两个片段之间更改。在改变屏幕方向之类的时候，我遇到了一些问题。这是PagerAdapter的样子:

    public class MyAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter
{
    static final int NUM_ITEMS = 2;
    private final FragmentManager mFragmentManager;
    private Fragment mFragmentAtPos0;
     private Map<Integer, String> mFragmentTags;
     private boolean isNextFragment=false;

    public MyAdapter(FragmentManager fm)
    {
        super(fm);
        mFragmentManager = fm;
         mFragmentTags = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
    }

    @Override
    public Fragment getItem(int position)
    {
        if (position == 0)
        {


            if (isPager) {
                mFragmentAtPos0 = new FirstPageFragment();
            } else {
                mFragmentAtPos0 = new NextFragment();
            }
            return mFragmentAtPos0;
        }
        else
            return SecondPageFragment.newInstance();
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount()
    {
        return NUM_ITEMS;
    }


 @Override
    public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) {
        Object obj = super.instantiateItem(container, position);
        if (obj instanceof Fragment) {
            // record the fragment tag here.
            Fragment f = (Fragment) obj;
            String tag = f.getTag();
            mFragmentTags.put(position, tag);
        }
        return obj;
    }


    public void onChange(boolean isNextFragment) {

        if (mFragmentAtPos0 == null)
            mFragmentAtPos0 = getFragment(0);
        if (mFragmentAtPos0 != null)
            mFragmentManager.beginTransaction().remove(mFragmentAtPos0).commit();


        if (!isNextFragment) {
            mFragmentAtFlashcards = new FirstPageFragment();
        } else {
            mFragmentAtFlashcards = new NextFragment();
        }

        notifyDataSetChanged();


    }


    @Override
    public int getItemPosition(Object object)
    {
        if (object instanceof FirstPageFragment && mFragmentAtPos0 instanceof NextFragment)
            return POSITION_NONE;
         if (object instanceof NextFragment && mFragmentAtPos0 instanceof FirstPageFragment)
            return POSITION_NONE;
        return POSITION_UNCHANGED;
    }


    public Fragment getFragment(int position) {
        String tag = mFragmentTags.get(position);
        if (tag == null)
            return null;
        return mFragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(tag);
    }
}

我在适配器容器活动中实现的侦听器，用于在附加片段时将其放到片段中，这是活动:

    public class PagerContainerActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements ChangeFragmentListener {

//...

  @Override
    public void onChange(boolean isNextFragment) {
        if (pagerAdapter != null)
            pagerAdapter.onChange(isNextFragment);


    }

//...
}

然后在片段中放置侦听器，当附加调用它:

public class FirstPageFragment extends Fragment{


private ChangeFragmentListener changeFragmentListener;


//...
 @Override
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
        super.onAttach(activity);
        changeFragmentListener = ((PagerContainerActivity) activity);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDetach() {
        super.onDetach();
        changeFragmentListener = null;
    }
//...
//in the on click to change the fragment
changeFragmentListener.onChange(true);
//...
}

最后是听众:

public interface changeFragmentListener {

    void onChange(boolean isNextFragment);

}