我继承了一个相当大的SQL Server数据库。考虑到它包含的数据,它似乎比我预期的要占用更多的空间。

是否有一种简单的方法来确定每个表占用的磁盘空间?


当前回答

如果需要精确计算SSMS中“表财产-存储”页面上的相同数字,则需要使用与SSMS中相同的方法进行计数(适用于sql server 2005及更高版本……也适用于具有LOB字段的表,因为仅计算“used_pages”不足以显示准确的索引大小):

;with cte as (
SELECT
t.name as TableName,
SUM (s.used_page_count) as used_pages_count,
SUM (CASE
            WHEN (i.index_id < 2) THEN (in_row_data_page_count + lob_used_page_count + row_overflow_used_page_count)
            ELSE lob_used_page_count + row_overflow_used_page_count
        END) as pages
FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats  AS s 
JOIN sys.tables AS t ON s.object_id = t.object_id
JOIN sys.indexes AS i ON i.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND s.index_id = i.index_id
GROUP BY t.name
)
select
    cte.TableName, 
    cast((cte.pages * 8.)/1024 as decimal(10,3)) as TableSizeInMB, 
    cast(((CASE WHEN cte.used_pages_count > cte.pages 
                THEN cte.used_pages_count - cte.pages
                ELSE 0 
          END) * 8./1024) as decimal(10,3)) as IndexSizeInMB
from cte
order by 2 desc

其他回答

我要感谢Greg Low先生的提问:

SELECT o.name AS ObjectName, 
       SUM(reserved_page_count) * 8.0 / 1024 AS SizeinMB
FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats AS ps
INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects AS o
ON ps.object_id = o.id
GROUP BY o.name
ORDER BY SizeinMB DESC;

以上查询有助于查找表(包括索引)使用的空间量,但如果要比较表上的索引使用了多少空间,请使用以下查询:

SELECT
    OBJECT_NAME(i.OBJECT_ID) AS TableName,
    i.name AS IndexName,
    i.index_id AS IndexID,
    8 * SUM(a.used_pages) AS 'Indexsize(KB)'
FROM
    sys.indexes AS i
    JOIN sys.partitions AS p ON p.OBJECT_ID = i.OBJECT_ID AND p.index_id = i.index_id
    JOIN sys.allocation_units AS a ON a.container_id = p.partition_id
WHERE
    i.is_primary_key = 0 -- fix for size discrepancy
GROUP BY
    i.OBJECT_ID,
    i.index_id,
    i.name
ORDER BY
    OBJECT_NAME(i.OBJECT_ID),
    i.index_id

如果您只关心数据库中的空浪费空间,而不关心单个表,则可以考虑以下问题:

如果数据库经历了大量的数据插入和删除,可能与ETL情况类似,这将导致数据库中有太多未使用的空间,因为文件组会自动增长,但不会自动收缩。

您可以通过使用数据库的财产页面来查看是否是这种情况。您可以收缩(右键单击数据库>任务>收缩)并收回一些空间。但是,如果根本原因仍然存在,则数据库将增长(并花费额外的时间尝试增长,直到增长到足够的速度,所以不要这样做)

我的文章只与SQL Server 2000相关,并且已经过测试,可以在我的环境中工作。

该代码访问单个实例的所有可能的数据库,而不仅仅是单个数据库。

我使用两个临时表来帮助收集适当的数据,然后将结果转储到一个“Live”表中。

返回的数据是:DatabaseName、DatabaseTableName、Rows(在表中)、data(表的大小,以KB为单位)、entry data(我发现这对了解我上次运行脚本的时间很有用)。

这段代码的缺点是“data”字段不是以int形式存储的(字符“KB”保留在该字段中),这对于排序是有用的(但不是完全必要的)。

希望这段代码能帮助一些人,并为他们节省一些时间!

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_getAllDBTableSizes]

AS
BEGIN
   SET NOCOUNT OFF

   CREATE TABLE #DatabaseTables([dbname] sysname,TableName sysname)
   CREATE TABLE #AllDatabaseTableSizes(Name sysname,[rows] VARCHAR(18), reserved VARCHAR(18), data VARCHAR(18), index_size VARCHAR(18), unused VARCHAR(18))

   DECLARE @SQL nvarchar(4000)
   SET @SQL='select ''?'' AS [Database], Table_Name from [?].information_schema.tables WHERE TABLE_TYPE = ''BASE TABLE'' '

   INSERT INTO #DatabaseTables(DbName, TableName)
      EXECUTE sp_msforeachdb @Command1=@SQL

   DECLARE AllDatabaseTables CURSOR LOCAL READ_ONLY FOR   
   SELECT TableName FROM #DatabaseTables

   DECLARE AllDatabaseNames CURSOR LOCAL READ_ONLY FOR   
   SELECT DBName FROM #DatabaseTables

   DECLARE @DBName sysname  
   OPEN AllDatabaseNames  

   DECLARE @TName sysname
   OPEN AllDatabaseTables  

   WHILE 1=1 BEGIN 
      FETCH NEXT FROM AllDatabaseNames INTO @DBName  
      FETCH NEXT FROM AllDatabaseTables INTO @TName 
      IF @@FETCH_STATUS<>0 BREAK  
      INSERT INTO #AllDatabaseTableSizes
         EXEC ( 'EXEC ' + @DBName + '.dbo.sp_spaceused ' + @TName) 

   END 

   --http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa175920(v=sql.80).aspx
   INSERT INTO rsp_DatabaseTableSizes (DatabaseName, name, [rows], data)
      SELECT   [dbname], name, [rows],  data FROM #DatabaseTables
      INNER JOIN #AllDatabaseTableSizes
      ON #DatabaseTables.TableName = #AllDatabaseTableSizes.Name
      GROUP BY [dbname] , name, [rows],  data
      ORDER BY [dbname]
   --To be honest, I have no idea what exact duplicates we are dropping
    -- but in my case a near enough approach has been good enough.
   DELETE FROM [rsp_DatabaseTableSizes]
   WHERE name IN 
      ( 
      SELECT name 
      FROM [rsp_DatabaseTableSizes]
      GROUP BY name
      HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
      )

   DROP TABLE #DatabaseTables
   DROP TABLE #AllDatabaseTableSizes

   CLOSE AllDatabaseTables  
   DEALLOCATE AllDatabaseTables  

   CLOSE AllDatabaseNames  
   DEALLOCATE AllDatabaseNames      
END

--EXEC [dbo].[usp_getAllDBTableSizes] 

如果您需要知道,rsp_DatabaseTableSizes表是通过以下方式创建的:

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[rsp_DatabaseSizes](
    [DatabaseName] [varchar](1000) NULL,
    [dbSize] [decimal](15, 2) NULL,
    [DateUpdated] [smalldatetime] NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO

这将为您提供每个表的大小和记录计数。

set ANSI_NULLS ON
set QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
-- Get a list of tables and their sizes on disk
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_Table_Sizes]
AS
BEGIN
    -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
    -- interfering with SELECT statements.
    SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @table_name VARCHAR(500)  
DECLARE @schema_name VARCHAR(500)  
DECLARE @tab1 TABLE( 
        tablename VARCHAR (500) collate database_default 
       ,schemaname VARCHAR(500) collate database_default 
) 

CREATE TABLE #temp_Table ( 
        tablename sysname 
       ,row_count INT 
       ,reserved VARCHAR(50) collate database_default 
       ,data VARCHAR(50) collate database_default 
       ,index_size VARCHAR(50) collate database_default 
       ,unused VARCHAR(50) collate database_default  
) 

INSERT INTO @tab1  
SELECT Table_Name, Table_Schema  
FROM information_schema.tables  
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE' 

DECLARE c1 CURSOR FOR 
SELECT Table_Schema + '.' + Table_Name   
FROM information_schema.tables t1  
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE' 

OPEN c1 
FETCH NEXT FROM c1 INTO @table_name 
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0  
BEGIN   
        SET @table_name = REPLACE(@table_name, '[','');  
        SET @table_name = REPLACE(@table_name, ']','');  

        -- make sure the object exists before calling sp_spacedused 
        IF EXISTS(SELECT id FROM sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(@table_name)) 
        BEGIN 
               INSERT INTO #temp_Table EXEC sp_spaceused @table_name, false; 
        END 

        FETCH NEXT FROM c1 INTO @table_name 
END 
CLOSE c1 
DEALLOCATE c1 

SELECT  t1.* 
       ,t2.schemaname  
FROM #temp_Table t1  
INNER JOIN @tab1 t2 ON (t1.tablename = t2.tablename ) 
ORDER BY schemaname,t1.tablename; 

DROP TABLE #temp_Table
END