要删除超过一个月的旧标记图像:

$ docker images --no-trunc --format '{{.ID}} {{.CreatedSince}}' \
    | grep ' months' | awk '{ print $1 }' \
    | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rmi

注意，它将无法删除容器使用的图像，在存储库中引用，有依赖的子图像…这可能是你想要的。否则只需添加-f标志。

/etc/cron.示例每日/ docker-gc脚本:

#!/bin/sh -e

# Delete all stopped containers (including data-only containers).
docker ps -a -q --no-trunc --filter "status=exited" | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rm -v

# Delete all tagged images more than a month old
# (will fail to remove images still used).
docker images --no-trunc --format '{{.ID}} {{.CreatedSince}}' | grep ' months' | awk '{ print $1 }' | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rmi || true

# Delete all 'untagged/dangling' (<none>) images
# Those are used for Docker caching mechanism.
docker images -q --no-trunc --filter dangling=true | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rmi

# Delete all dangling volumes.
docker volume ls -qf dangling=true | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker volume rm

要删除没有容器运行的标记图像，你必须使用一个小脚本:

#!/bin/bash

# remove not running containers
docker rm $(docker ps -f "status=exited" -q)

declare -A used_images

# collect images which has running container
for image in $(docker ps | awk 'NR>1 {print $2;}'); do
    id=$(docker inspect --format="{{.Id}}" $image);
    used_images[$id]=$image;
done

# loop over images, delete those without a container
for id in $(docker images --no-trunc -q); do
    if [ -z ${used_images[$id]} ]; then
        echo "images is NOT in use: $id"
        docker rmi $id
    else
        echo "images is in use:     ${used_images[$id]}"
    fi
done

Docker系统修剪-a

(系统会要求您确认命令。使用-f强制运行，如果你知道你在做什么。)

我最近写了一个脚本在我的服务器上解决这个问题:

#!/bin/bash

# Remove all the dangling images
DANGLING_IMAGES=$(docker images -qf "dangling=true")
if [[ -n $DANGLING_IMAGES ]]; then
    docker rmi "$DANGLING_IMAGES"
fi

# Get all the images currently in use
USED_IMAGES=($( \
    docker ps -a --format '{{.Image}}' | \
    sort -u | \
    uniq | \
    awk -F ':' '$2{print $1":"$2}!$2{print $1":latest"}' \
))

# Get all the images currently available
ALL_IMAGES=($( \
    docker images --format '{{.Repository}}:{{.Tag}}' | \
    sort -u \
))

# Remove the unused images
for i in "${ALL_IMAGES[@]}"; do
    UNUSED=true
    for j in "${USED_IMAGES[@]}"; do
        if [[ "$i" == "$j" ]]; then
            UNUSED=false
        fi
    done
    if [[ "$UNUSED" == true ]]; then
        docker rmi "$i"
    fi
done

我正在使用这个命令:

export BEFORE_DATETIME=$(date --date='10 weeks ago' +"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%NZ")
docker images -q | while read IMAGE_ID; do
    export IMAGE_CTIME=$(docker inspect --format='{{.Created}}' --type=image ${IMAGE_ID})
    if [[ "${BEFORE_DATETIME}" > "${IMAGE_CTIME}" ]]; then
        echo "Removing ${IMAGE_ID}, ${BEFORE_DATETIME} is earlier then ${IMAGE_CTIME}"
        docker rmi -f ${IMAGE_ID};
    fi;
done

这将删除创建时间大于10周的所有映像。

如果你自己构建这些修剪过的映像(从其他一些较旧的基础映像)，请谨慎使用上述基于docker image prune的可接受解决方案，因为该命令是生硬的，并将尝试删除最新映像所需的所有依赖关系(该命令可能应该重命名为docker image*s* prune)。

我为我的docker映像构建管道(其中有每日构建和标签=日期YYYYMMDD格式)提出的解决方案是:

# carefully narrow down the image to be deleted (to avoid removing useful static stuff like base images)
my_deleted_image=mirekphd/ml-cpu-py37-vsc-cust

# define the monitored image (tested for obsolescence), which will be usually the same as deleted one, unless deleting some very infrequently built image which requires a separate "clock"
monitored_image=mirekphd/ml-cache

# calculate the oldest acceptable tag (date)
date_week_ago=$(date -d "last week" '+%Y%m%d')

# get the IDs of obsolete tags of our deleted image
# note we use monitored_image to test for obsolescence
my_deleted_image_obsolete_tag_ids=$(docker images --filter="before=$monitored_image:$date_week_ago" | grep $my_deleted_image | awk '{print $3}')

# remove the obsolete tags of the deleted image
# (note it typically has to be forced using -f switch)
docker rmi -f $my_deleted_image_obsolete_tag_ids