我想写一个循环15个字符串的脚本(可能是数组?)这可能吗?

类似于:

for databaseName in listOfNames
then
  # Do something
end

当前回答

您可以使用${arrayName[@]}的语法

#!/bin/bash
# declare an array called files, that contains 3 values
files=( "/etc/passwd" "/etc/group" "/etc/hosts" )
for i in "${files[@]}"
do
    echo "$i"
done

其他回答

循环遍历数组的方式取决于换行符的存在。使用分隔数组元素的换行符,数组可以称为“$array”,否则应称为“${array[@]}”。以下脚本将明确说明:

#!/bin/bash

mkdir temp
mkdir temp/aaa
mkdir temp/bbb
mkdir temp/ccc
array=$(ls temp)
array1=(aaa bbb ccc)
array2=$(echo -e "aaa\nbbb\nccc")

echo '$array'
echo "$array"
echo
for dirname in "$array"; do
    echo "$dirname"
done
echo
for dirname in "${array[@]}"; do
    echo "$dirname"
done
echo
echo '$array1'
echo "$array1"
echo
for dirname in "$array1"; do
    echo "$dirname"
done
echo
for dirname in "${array1[@]}"; do
    echo "$dirname"
done
echo
echo '$array2'
echo "$array2"
echo
for dirname in "$array2"; do
    echo "$dirname"
done
echo
for dirname in "${array2[@]}"; do
    echo "$dirname"
done
rmdir temp/aaa
rmdir temp/bbb
rmdir temp/ccc
rmdir temp

我真正需要的是这样的东西:

for i in $(the_array); do something; done

例如:

for i in $(ps -aux | grep vlc  | awk '{ print $2 }'); do kill -9 $i; done

(将终止所有以vlc命名的进程)

很惊讶还没有人发布这个消息——如果在遍历数组时需要元素的索引,可以这样做:

arr=(foo bar baz)

for i in ${!arr[@]}
do
    echo $i "${arr[i]}"
done

输出:

0 foo
1 bar
2 baz

我发现这比“传统”for循环样式(for((I=0;I<${#arr[@]};I++))要优雅得多。

(${!arr[@]}和$i不需要引用,因为它们只是数字;有些人会建议引用它们,但这只是个人偏好。)

您可以使用${arrayName[@]}的语法

#!/bin/bash
# declare an array called files, that contains 3 values
files=( "/etc/passwd" "/etc/group" "/etc/hosts" )
for i in "${files[@]}"
do
    echo "$i"
done

这些答案中没有一个包含计数器。。。

#!/bin/bash
## declare an array variable
declare -a array=("one" "two" "three")

# get length of an array
arraylength=${#array[@]}

# use for loop to read all values and indexes
for (( i=0; i<${arraylength}; i++ ));
do
  echo "index: $i, value: ${array[$i]}"
done

输出:

index: 0, value: one
index: 1, value: two
index: 2, value: three