我想写一个循环15个字符串的脚本(可能是数组?)这可能吗?
类似于:
for databaseName in listOfNames
then
# Do something
end
我想写一个循环15个字符串的脚本(可能是数组?)这可能吗?
类似于:
for databaseName in listOfNames
then
# Do something
end
当前回答
循环遍历数组的方式取决于换行符的存在。使用分隔数组元素的换行符,数组可以称为“$array”,否则应称为“${array[@]}”。以下脚本将明确说明:
#!/bin/bash
mkdir temp
mkdir temp/aaa
mkdir temp/bbb
mkdir temp/ccc
array=$(ls temp)
array1=(aaa bbb ccc)
array2=$(echo -e "aaa\nbbb\nccc")
echo '$array'
echo "$array"
echo
for dirname in "$array"; do
echo "$dirname"
done
echo
for dirname in "${array[@]}"; do
echo "$dirname"
done
echo
echo '$array1'
echo "$array1"
echo
for dirname in "$array1"; do
echo "$dirname"
done
echo
for dirname in "${array1[@]}"; do
echo "$dirname"
done
echo
echo '$array2'
echo "$array2"
echo
for dirname in "$array2"; do
echo "$dirname"
done
echo
for dirname in "${array2[@]}"; do
echo "$dirname"
done
rmdir temp/aaa
rmdir temp/bbb
rmdir temp/ccc
rmdir temp
其他回答
listOfNames="db_one db_two db_three"
for databaseName in $listOfNames
do
echo $databaseName
done
或者只是
for databaseName in db_one db_two db_three
do
echo $databaseName
done
本着与4ndrew的回答相同的精神:
listOfNames="RA
RB
R C
RD"
# To allow for other whitespace in the string:
# 1. add double quotes around the list variable, or
# 2. see the IFS note (under 'Side Notes')
for databaseName in "$listOfNames" # <-- Note: Added "" quotes.
do
echo "$databaseName" # (i.e. do action / processing of $databaseName here...)
done
# Outputs
# RA
# RB
# R C
# RD
B.名称中无空格:
listOfNames="RA
RB
R C
RD"
for databaseName in $listOfNames # Note: No quotes
do
echo "$databaseName" # (i.e. do action / processing of $databaseName here...)
done
# Outputs
# RA
# RB
# R
# C
# RD
笔记
在第二个示例中,使用listOfNames=“RA RB R C RD”具有相同的输出。
其他引入数据的方法包括:
stdin(如下所列),变量,数组(接受的答案),文件。。。
从stdin读取
# line delimited (each databaseName is stored on a line)
while read databaseName
do
echo "$databaseName" # i.e. do action / processing of $databaseName here...
done # <<< or_another_input_method_here
可以在脚本中指定bash IFS“字段分隔符到行”[1]分隔符,以允许其他空格(即IFS='\n',或MacOS IFS='\r')我也喜欢接受的答案:)--我将这些片段作为其他有用的方式来回答这个问题。包括#/脚本文件顶部的bin/bash指示执行环境。我花了几个月的时间才弄清楚如何简单地编写代码:)
其他来源(读取循环时)
当然,这是可能的。
for databaseName in a b c d e f; do
# do something like: echo $databaseName
done
有关详细信息,请参阅、while和until的Bash循环。
单线循环,
declare -a listOfNames=('db_a' 'db_b' 'db_c')
for databaseName in ${listOfNames[@]}; do echo $databaseName; done;
你会得到这样的输出,
db_a
db_b
db_c
这些答案中没有一个包含计数器。。。
#!/bin/bash
## declare an array variable
declare -a array=("one" "two" "three")
# get length of an array
arraylength=${#array[@]}
# use for loop to read all values and indexes
for (( i=0; i<${arraylength}; i++ ));
do
echo "index: $i, value: ${array[$i]}"
done
输出:
index: 0, value: one
index: 1, value: two
index: 2, value: three