添加一对新的哈希，我做:
{:a => 1, :b => 2}.merge!({:c => 3}) #=> {:a => 1, :b => 2, :c => 3}
是否有类似的方法从哈希中删除键?
如此:
{:a => 1, :b => 2}.reject! { |k| k == :a } #=> {:b => 2}
但我希望有这样的东西:
{:a => 1, :b => 2}.delete!(:a) #=> {:b => 2}
重要的是，返回值将是剩余的散列，所以我可以这样做:
foo(my_hash.reject! { |k| k == my_key })
在一行里。
当前回答
#in lib/core_extensions.rb
class Hash
#pass single or array of keys, which will be removed, returning the remaining hash
def remove!(*keys)
keys.each{|key| self.delete(key) }
self
end
#non-destructive version
def remove(*keys)
self.dup.remove!(*keys)
end
end
#in config/initializers/app_environment.rb (or anywhere in config/initializers)
require 'core_extensions'
我已经设置好了，所以.remove返回一个删除键的散列副本，而remove!修改哈希本身。这与ruby的约定是一致的。从控制台
>> hash = {:a => 1, :b => 2}
=> {:b=>2, :a=>1}
>> hash.remove(:a)
=> {:b=>2}
>> hash
=> {:b=>2, :a=>1}
>> hash.remove!(:a)
=> {:b=>2}
>> hash
=> {:b=>2}
>> hash.remove!(:a, :b)
=> {}
其他回答
为什么不直接使用:
hash.delete(key)
哈希现在是您正在寻找的“剩余哈希”。
如果你想使用纯Ruby(没有Rails)，不想创建扩展方法(也许你只需要在一两个地方使用扩展方法，不想用大量的方法污染命名空间)，不想在适当的地方编辑散列(也就是说，你像我一样是函数式编程的粉丝)，你可以“选择”:
>> x = {:a => 1, :b => 2, :c => 3}
=> {:a=>1, :b=>2, :c=>3}
>> x.select{|x| x != :a}
=> {:b=>2, :c=>3}
>> x.select{|x| ![:a, :b].include?(x)}
=> {:c=>3}
>> x
=> {:a=>1, :b=>2, :c=>3}
试试except!方法。
{:a => 1, :b => 2}.except!(:a) #=> {:b => 2}
这也可以工作:hash[hey] = nil
#in lib/core_extensions.rb
class Hash
#pass single or array of keys, which will be removed, returning the remaining hash
def remove!(*keys)
keys.each{|key| self.delete(key) }
self
end
#non-destructive version
def remove(*keys)
self.dup.remove!(*keys)
end
end
#in config/initializers/app_environment.rb (or anywhere in config/initializers)
require 'core_extensions'
我已经设置好了，所以.remove返回一个删除键的散列副本，而remove!修改哈希本身。这与ruby的约定是一致的。从控制台
>> hash = {:a => 1, :b => 2}
=> {:b=>2, :a=>1}
>> hash.remove(:a)
=> {:b=>2}
>> hash
=> {:b=>2, :a=>1}
>> hash.remove!(:a)
=> {:b=>2}
>> hash
=> {:b=>2}
>> hash.remove!(:a, :b)
=> {}
