你如何告诉如果大写锁定使用JavaScript?

但有一个警告:我做了谷歌,我能找到的最好的解决方案是附加一个onkeypress事件到每个输入,然后检查每次按下的字母是否大写,如果是,然后检查shift是否也按下。如果不是,那么caps lock必须是打开的。这感觉真的很脏,而且…浪费——肯定有比这更好的办法吗?


当前回答

在jQuery中,

$('#example').keypress(function(e) { 
    var s = String.fromCharCode( e.which );
    if ( s.toUpperCase() === s && s.toLowerCase() !== s && !e.shiftKey ) {
        alert('caps is on');
    }
});

避免类似退格键的错误,需要s. tolowercase () !== s。

其他回答

你可以试试。增加了一个工作示例。当焦点在输入上时,打开caps lock使led变成红色或绿色。(还没有在mac/linux上测试)

注意:两个版本都适用于我。感谢您在评论中提出建设性意见。

旧版本:https://jsbin.com/mahenes/edit?js,output

另外,这是一个修改后的版本(有人能在mac上测试并确认吗)

新版本:https://jsbin.com/xiconuv/edit?js,output

新版本:

function isCapslock(e) {
  const IS_MAC = /Mac/.test(navigator.platform);

  const charCode = e.charCode;
  const shiftKey = e.shiftKey;

  if (charCode >= 97 && charCode <= 122) {
    capsLock = shiftKey;
  } else if (charCode >= 65 && charCode <= 90
    && !(shiftKey && IS_MAC)) {
    capsLock = !shiftKey;
  }

  return capsLock;
}

旧版本:

function isCapslock(e) {
  e = (e) ? e : window.event;

  var charCode = false;
  if (e.which) {
    charCode = e.which;
  } else if (e.keyCode) {
    charCode = e.keyCode;
  }

  var shifton = false;
  if (e.shiftKey) {
    shifton = e.shiftKey;
  } else if (e.modifiers) {
    shifton = !!(e.modifiers & 4);
  }

  if (charCode >= 97 && charCode <= 122 && shifton) {
    return true;
  }

  if (charCode >= 65 && charCode <= 90 && !shifton) {
    return true;
  }

  return false;
}

对于国际字符,可以根据需要为以下键添加额外的检查。你必须获得你感兴趣的字符的键码范围,可能是通过使用一个键映射数组,它将保存你正在寻址的所有有效用例键…

大写字母A-Z或'Ä', 'Ö', 'Ü', 小写字母a-Z或0-9或'ä', 'ö', 'ü'

上面的键只是示例表示。

Javascript代码

<script type="text/javascript">
   function isCapLockOn(e){
   kc = e.keyCode?e.keyCode:e.which;
   sk = e.shiftKey?e.shiftKey:((kc == 16)?true:false);
   if(((kc >= 65 && kc <= 90) && !sk)||((kc >= 97 && kc <= 122) && sk))
       document.getElementById('alert').style.visibility = 'visible';
   else
       document.getElementById('alert').style.visibility = 'hidden';
   }
</script>

现在我们需要使用Html来关联这个脚本

<input type="password" name="txtPassword" onkeypress="isCapLockOn(event)" />
<div id="alert" style="visibility:hidden">Caps Lock is on.</div> 

基于@joshuahedlund的回答,因为它对我来说很好。

我把代码变成了一个函数,这样就可以重用它,并在我的例子中把它链接到正文。如果您愿意,可以将其链接到密码字段。

<html>
<head>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" >
function checkCapsLock(e, divId) { 
    if(e){
        e = e;
    } else {
        e = window.event;
    }
    var s = String.fromCharCode( e.which );
    if ((s.toUpperCase() === s && s.toLowerCase() !== s && !e.shiftKey)|| //caps is on
      (s.toUpperCase() !== s && s.toLowerCase() === s && e.shiftKey)) {
        $(divId).style.display='block';
    } else if ((s.toLowerCase() === s && s.toUpperCase() !== s && !e.shiftKey)||
      (s.toLowerCase() !== s && s.toUpperCase() === s && e.shiftKey)) { //caps is off
        $(divId).style.display='none';
   } //else upper and lower are both same (i.e. not alpha key - so do not hide message if already on but do not turn on if alpha keys not hit yet)
 }
</script>
<style>    
.errorDiv {
    display: none;
    font-size: 12px;
    color: red;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    text-overflow: clip;
    max-width: 200px;
    font-weight: normal;
}
</style>
</head>
<body  onkeypress="checkCapsLock(event, 'CapsWarn');" >
...
<input name="password" id="password" type="password" autocomplete="off">
<div id="CapsWarn" class="errorDiv">Capslock is ON !</div>
...
</body>
</html>

这是一种解决方案,除了在写入时检查状态外,还在每次按下Caps Lock键时切换警告消息(有一些限制)。

它还支持A-Z范围之外的非英语字母,因为它根据toUpperCase()和toLowerCase()检查字符串字符,而不是根据字符范围检查。

$(function(){ //Initialize to hide caps-lock-warning $('.caps-lock-warning').hide(); //Sniff for Caps-Lock state $("#password").keypress(function(e) { var s = String.fromCharCode( e.which ); if((s.toUpperCase() === s && s.toLowerCase() !== s && !e.shiftKey)|| (s.toUpperCase() !== s && s.toLowerCase() === s && e.shiftKey)) { this.caps = true; // Enables to do something on Caps-Lock keypress $(this).next('.caps-lock-warning').show(); } else if((s.toLowerCase() === s && s.toUpperCase() !== s && !e.shiftKey)|| (s.toLowerCase() !== s && s.toUpperCase() === s && e.shiftKey)) { this.caps = false; // Enables to do something on Caps-Lock keypress $(this).next('.caps-lock-warning').hide(); }//else else do nothing if not a letter we can use to differentiate }); //Toggle warning message on Caps-Lock toggle (with some limitation) $(document).keydown(function(e){ if(e.which==20){ // Caps-Lock keypress var pass = document.getElementById("password"); if(typeof(pass.caps) === 'boolean'){ //State has been set to a known value by keypress pass.caps = !pass.caps; $(pass).next('.caps-lock-warning').toggle(pass.caps); } } }); //Disable on window lost focus (because we loose track of state) $(window).blur(function(e){ // If window is inactive, we have no control on the caps lock toggling // so better to re-set state var pass = document.getElementById("password"); if(typeof(pass.caps) === 'boolean'){ pass.caps = null; $(pass).next('.caps-lock-warning').hide(); } }); }); <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <input type="password" id="password" /> <span class="caps-lock-warning" title="Caps lock is on!">CAPS</span>

注意,只有在按下caps lock键之前知道caps lock的状态时,观察caps lock切换才有用。当前的大写锁定状态由密码元素上的caps JavaScript属性保持。这是当用户按下一个大写或小写字母时,我们第一次验证大写锁定状态时设置的。如果窗口失去焦点,我们就不能再观察到caps锁定切换,所以我们需要重置到未知状态。

还有另一个版本,清晰而简单,处理移位的capsLock,并且不受ascii限制,我认为:

document.onkeypress = function (e)
{
    e = e || window.event;
    if (e.charCode === 0 || e.ctrlKey || document.onkeypress.punctuation.indexOf(e.charCode) >= 0)
        return;
    var s = String.fromCharCode(e.charCode); // or e.keyCode for compatibility, but then have to handle MORE non-character keys
    var s2 = e.shiftKey ? s.toUpperCase() : s.toLowerCase();
    var capsLockOn = (s2 !== s);
    document.getElementById('capslockWarning').style.display = capsLockOn ? '' : 'none';
}
document.onkeypress.punctuation = [33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,91,92,93,94,95,96,123,124,125,126];

编辑:意义上的capsLockOn被逆转,多,固定。

编辑#2:在进一步检查之后,我做了一些更改,不幸的是,代码更详细了一些,但它可以适当地处理更多的操作。

Using e.charCode instead of e.keyCode and checking for 0 values skips a lot of non-character keypresses, without coding anything specific to a given language or charset. From my understanding, it's slightly less compatible, so older, non-mainstream, or mobile browsers may not behave as this code expects, but it's worth it, for my situation anyway. Checking against a list of known punctuation codes prevents them from being seen as false negatives, since they're not affected by caps lock. Without this, the caps lock indicator gets hidden when you type any of those punctuation characters. By specifying an excluded set, rather than an included one, it should be more compatible with extended characters. This is the ugliest, special-casiest bit, and there's some chance that non-Western languages have different enough punctuation and/or punctuation codes to be a problem, but again it's worth it IMO, at least for my situation.