我已经在我的ubuntu 16.04中安装了tensorflow，使用的是ubuntu内置的apt cuda安装。
现在我的问题是，我如何测试tensorflow是否真的使用gpu?我有一个gtx 960m gpu。当我导入tensorflow时，这是输出
I tensorflow/stream_executor/dso_loader.cc:105] successfully opened CUDA library libcublas.so locally
I tensorflow/stream_executor/dso_loader.cc:105] successfully opened CUDA library libcudnn.so locally
I tensorflow/stream_executor/dso_loader.cc:105] successfully opened CUDA library libcufft.so locally
I tensorflow/stream_executor/dso_loader.cc:105] successfully opened CUDA library libcuda.so.1 locally
I tensorflow/stream_executor/dso_loader.cc:105] successfully opened CUDA library libcurand.so locally
这个输出是否足够检查tensorflow是否使用gpu ?
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> tf.config.list_physical_devices('GPU')
2020-05-10 14:58:16.243814: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:44] Successfully opened dynamic library libcuda.so.1
2020-05-10 14:58:16.262675: I tensorflow/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_gpu_executor.cc:981] successful NUMA node read from SysFS had negative value (-1), but there must be at least one NUMA node, so returning NUMA node zero
2020-05-10 14:58:16.263119: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1555] Found device 0 with properties:
pciBusID: 0000:01:00.0 name: GeForce GTX 1060 6GB computeCapability: 6.1
coreClock: 1.7715GHz coreCount: 10 deviceMemorySize: 5.93GiB deviceMemoryBandwidth: 178.99GiB/s
2020-05-10 14:58:16.263143: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:44] Successfully opened dynamic library libcudart.so.10.1
2020-05-10 14:58:16.263188: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:44] Successfully opened dynamic library libcublas.so.10
2020-05-10 14:58:16.264289: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:44] Successfully opened dynamic library libcufft.so.10
2020-05-10 14:58:16.264495: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:44] Successfully opened dynamic library libcurand.so.10
2020-05-10 14:58:16.265644: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:44] Successfully opened dynamic library libcusolver.so.10
2020-05-10 14:58:16.266329: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:44] Successfully opened dynamic library libcusparse.so.10
2020-05-10 14:58:16.266357: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:44] Successfully opened dynamic library libcudnn.so.7
2020-05-10 14:58:16.266478: I tensorflow/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_gpu_executor.cc:981] successful NUMA node read from SysFS had negative value (-1), but there must be at least one NUMA node, so returning NUMA node zero
2020-05-10 14:58:16.266823: I tensorflow/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_gpu_executor.cc:981] successful NUMA node read from SysFS had negative value (-1), but there must be at least one NUMA node, so returning NUMA node zero
2020-05-10 14:58:16.267107: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1697] Adding visible gpu devices: 0
[PhysicalDevice(name='/physical_device:GPU:0', device_type='GPU')]
正如@AmitaiIrron所建议的:
这个部分表示找到了一个gpu
2020-05-10 14:58:16.263119: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1555] Found device 0 with properties:
pciBusID: 0000:01:00.0 name: GeForce GTX 1060 6GB computeCapability: 6.1
coreClock: 1.7715GHz coreCount: 10 deviceMemorySize: 5.93GiB deviceMemoryBandwidth: 178.99GiB/s
这里它被添加为一个可用的物理设备
2020-05-10 14:58:16.267107: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1697] Adding visible gpu devices: 0
[PhysicalDevice(name='/physical_device:GPU:0', device_type='GPU')]
在Jupyter上运行以下命令，
import tensorflow as tf
sess = tf.Session(config=tf.ConfigProto(log_device_placement=True))
如果你已经正确地设置了环境，你将在运行“jupyter notebook”的终端中得到以下输出，
2017-10-05 14:51:46.335323: I c:\tf_jenkins\home\workspace\release-win\m\windows-gpu\py\35\tensorflow\core\common_runtime\gpu\gpu_device.cc:1030] Creating TensorFlow device (/gpu:0) -> (device: 0, name: Quadro K620, pci bus id: 0000:02:00.0)
Device mapping:
/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/gpu:0 -> device: 0, name: Quadro K620, pci bus id: 0000:02:00.0
2017-10-05 14:51:46.337418: I c:\tf_jenkins\home\workspace\release-win\m\windows-gpu\py\35\tensorflow\core\common_runtime\direct_session.cc:265] Device mapping:
/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/gpu:0 -> device: 0, name: Quadro K620, pci bus id: 0000:02:00.0
你可以看到我在使用Nvidia Quodro K620的TensorFlow。
好的，首先从终端启动一个ipython shell，然后导入TensorFlow:
$ ipython --pylab
Python 3.6.5 |Anaconda custom (64-bit)| (default, Apr 29 2018, 16:14:56)
Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more information
IPython 6.4.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' for help.
Using matplotlib backend: Qt5Agg
In [1]: import tensorflow as tf
现在，我们可以在控制台中使用以下命令查看GPU内存的使用情况:
# realtime update for every 2s
$ watch -n 2 nvidia-smi
因为我们只导入了TensorFlow，但还没有使用任何GPU，所以使用统计数据将是:
注意GPU内存使用非常少(~ 700MB);有时GPU内存使用甚至可能低至0 MB。
现在，让我们在代码中加载GPU。如tf文档所示，请执行:
In [2]: sess = tf.Session(config=tf.ConfigProto(log_device_placement=True))
现在，手表的统计数据应该显示一个更新的GPU使用内存如下:
现在观察一下我们在ipython shell中的Python进程是如何使用大约7 GB的GPU内存的。
附注:你可以在代码运行时继续观察这些统计数据，看看随着时间的推移GPU的使用有多激烈。
这将证实张量流使用GPU同时训练也?
Code
sess = tf.Session(config=tf.ConfigProto(log_device_placement=True))
输出
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:885] Found device 0 with properties:
name: GeForce GT 730
major: 3 minor: 5 memoryClockRate (GHz) 0.9015
pciBusID 0000:01:00.0
Total memory: 1.98GiB
Free memory: 1.72GiB
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:906] DMA: 0
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:916] 0: Y
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:975] Creating TensorFlow device (/gpu:0) -> (device: 0, name: GeForce GT 730, pci bus id: 0000:01:00.0)
Device mapping:
/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/gpu:0 -> device: 0, name: GeForce GT 730, pci bus id: 0000:01:00.0
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/direct_session.cc:255] Device mapping:
/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/gpu:0 -> device: 0, name: GeForce GT 730, pci bus id: 0000:01:00.0
这是我用来列出tf可用设备的行。会话直接从bash:
python -c "import os; os.environ['TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL'] = '3'; import tensorflow as tf; sess = tf.Session(); [print(x) for x in sess.list_devices()]; print(tf.__version__);"
它将打印可用的设备和tensorflow版本，例如:
_DeviceAttributes(/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/device:CPU:0, CPU, 268435456, 10588614393916958794)
_DeviceAttributes(/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/device:XLA_GPU:0, XLA_GPU, 17179869184, 12320120782636586575)
_DeviceAttributes(/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/device:XLA_CPU:0, XLA_CPU, 17179869184, 13378821206986992411)
_DeviceAttributes(/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/device:GPU:0, GPU, 32039954023, 12481654498215526877)
1.14.0
