如何在SQL Server 2005+中获得所有索引和索引列的列表?我能想到的最接近的是:
select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
ic.column_id = c.column_id
where i.index_id > 0
and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
and i.is_disabled = 0
and i.is_hypothetical = 0
and ic.key_ordinal > 0
order by ic.key_ordinal
这可不是我想要的。
我想要的是,列出所有用户定义的索引,(这意味着不支持唯一约束和主键的索引)与所有列(按它们在索引定义中的出现方式排序)以及尽可能多的元数据。
首先,请注意,以上所有查询都可能遗漏或错误地合并索引的INCLUDE列。在某些情况下,还缺少列的正确排序和/或ASC/DESC选项。
由jona修改了上述查询。顺便说一句,在我使用的许多数据库中,我都安装了自己的CLR CONCATENATE聚合函数,因此下面的代码依赖于存在这样的东西。上面的SQL语句简化为更易于维护:
SELECT
s.[name] AS [schema_name]
, t.[name] AS [table_name]
, i.[name] AS [index_name]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[key_ordinal] > 0 AND ic.[is_descending_key] = 1 THEN c.[name] + ' DESC' WHEN key_ordinal > 0 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [columns]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[is_included_column] = 1 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [includes]
FROM
sys.tables t
INNER JOIN
sys.schemas s ON t.[schema_id] = s.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN
sys.indexes i ON i.[object_id] = t.[object_id]
INNER JOIN
sys.index_columns ic ON ic.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.index_id = i.index_id
INNER JOIN
sys.columns c ON c.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
GROUP BY
s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]
ORDER BY
s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]
如果您的环境允许将基于clr的函数添加到其中,那么就会有许多级联聚合。
这是我的,工作在一个默认模式,但它可以很容易地改进
它提供了3列SQLQueries -创建/删除/重建(没有重组)
查询:
SELECT
'CREATE ' +
CASE WHEN is_primary_key=1 THEN 'CLUSTERED'
WHEN is_primary_key=0 and is_unique_constraint=0 THEN 'NONCLUSTERED'
WHEN is_primary_key=0 and is_unique_constraint=1 THEN 'UNIQUE' END
+ ' INDEX ' +
QUOTENAME(i.name) + ' ON ' +
QUOTENAME(t.name) + ' ( ' +
STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE((
SELECT QUOTENAME(c.name) + CASE WHEN ic.is_descending_key = 1 THEN ' DESC' ELSE '' END AS [data()]
FROM sys.index_columns AS ic
INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
WHERE ic.object_id = i.object_id AND ic.index_id = i.index_id AND ic.is_included_column = 0
ORDER BY ic.key_ordinal
FOR XML PATH
), '<row>', ', '), '</row>', ''), 1, 2, '') + ' ) ' -- keycols
+ COALESCE(' INCLUDE ( ' +
STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE((
SELECT QUOTENAME(c.name) AS [data()]
FROM sys.index_columns AS ic
INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
WHERE ic.object_id = i.object_id AND ic.index_id = i.index_id AND ic.is_included_column = 1
ORDER BY ic.index_column_id
FOR XML PATH
), '<row>', ', '), '</row>', ''), 1, 2, '') + ' ) ', -- included cols
'') as [Create],
'DROP INDEX ' + QUOTENAME(i.name) + ' ON ' + QUOTENAME(t.name) as [Drop],
'ALTER INDEX ' + QUOTENAME(i.name) + ' ON ' +QUOTENAME(t.name) + ' REBUILD ' as [Rebuild]
FROM sys.tables AS t
INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS i ON t.object_id = i.object_id
LEFT JOIN sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats AS u ON i.object_id = u.object_id AND i.index_id = u.index_id
WHERE t.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND i.type <> 0
order by QUOTENAME(t.name), is_primary_key desc
输出
Create Drop Rebuild
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX [PK_Table1] ON [Table1] ( [Tab1_ID] ) DROP INDEX [PK_Table1] ON [Table1] ALTER INDEX [PK_Table1] ON [Table1] REBUILD
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [IX_Table1_Name] ON [Table1] ( [Tab1_Name] ) DROP INDEX [IX_Table1_Name] ON [Table1] ALTER INDEX [IX_Table1_Name] ON [Table1] REBUILD
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX_Table2] ON [Table2] ( [Tab2_Name], [Tab2_City] ) INCLUDE ( [Tab2_PhoneNo] ) DROP INDEX [IX_Table2] ON [Table2] ALTER INDEX [IX_Table2] ON [Table2] REBUILD
这是一种回退到索引的方法。您可以使用SHOWCONTIG来评估碎片。它将列出数据库或表的所有索引,以及统计信息。我要提醒的是,在大型数据库上,它可能是长时间运行的。对我来说,这种方法的好处之一是您不必是管理员就可以使用它。
——显示数据库中所有索引的碎片信息
SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
DBCC SHOWCONTIG WITH ALL_INDEXES
GO
...完成后关闭NOCOUNT
——显示表中所有索引的碎片信息
SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
DBCC SHOWCONTIG (authors) WITH ALL_INDEXES
GO
——显示特定索引上的碎片信息
SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
DBCC SHOWCONTIG (authors,aunmind)
GO
有两个“sys”目录视图可以参考:Indexes和sys.index_columns。
这些会给你关于下标和它们的列的任何信息。
编辑:这个查询非常接近你所寻找的:
SELECT
TableName = t.name,
IndexName = ind.name,
IndexId = ind.index_id,
ColumnId = ic.index_column_id,
ColumnName = col.name,
ind.*,
ic.*,
col.*
FROM
sys.indexes ind
INNER JOIN
sys.index_columns ic ON ind.object_id = ic.object_id and ind.index_id = ic.index_id
INNER JOIN
sys.columns col ON ic.object_id = col.object_id and ic.column_id = col.column_id
INNER JOIN
sys.tables t ON ind.object_id = t.object_id
WHERE
ind.is_primary_key = 0
AND ind.is_unique = 0
AND ind.is_unique_constraint = 0
AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
ORDER BY
t.name, ind.name, ind.index_id, ic.is_included_column, ic.key_ordinal;