如何在SQL Server 2005+中获得所有索引和索引列的列表?我能想到的最接近的是:

select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
        ic.column_id = c.column_id

where i.index_id > 0    
 and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
 and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
 and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
 and i.is_disabled = 0
 and i.is_hypothetical = 0
 and ic.key_ordinal > 0

order by ic.key_ordinal

这可不是我想要的。 我想要的是,列出所有用户定义的索引,(这意味着不支持唯一约束和主键的索引)与所有列(按它们在索引定义中的出现方式排序)以及尽可能多的元数据。


当前回答

首先,请注意,以上所有查询都可能遗漏或错误地合并索引的INCLUDE列。在某些情况下,还缺少列的正确排序和/或ASC/DESC选项。

由jona修改了上述查询。顺便说一句,在我使用的许多数据库中,我都安装了自己的CLR CONCATENATE聚合函数,因此下面的代码依赖于存在这样的东西。上面的SQL语句简化为更易于维护:

SELECT
  s.[name] AS [schema_name]
, t.[name] AS [table_name]
, i.[name] AS [index_name]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[key_ordinal] > 0 AND ic.[is_descending_key] = 1 THEN c.[name] + ' DESC' WHEN key_ordinal > 0 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [columns]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[is_included_column] = 1 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [includes]
FROM
  sys.tables t
INNER JOIN
  sys.schemas s ON t.[schema_id] = s.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN
  sys.indexes i ON i.[object_id] = t.[object_id]
INNER JOIN
  sys.index_columns ic ON ic.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.index_id = i.index_id
INNER JOIN
  sys.columns c ON c.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
GROUP BY
  s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]
ORDER BY
  s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]

如果您的环境允许将基于clr的函数添加到其中,那么就会有许多级联聚合。

其他回答

在Oracle中

select CONNECYBY.SCHEMA_NAME,CONNECYBY.TABLE_NAME,CONNECYBY.INDEX_NAME,CONNECYBY.COLUMN_NAME
from (  select TABLE_OWNER SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME,COLUMN_POSITION,trim(',' from sys_connect_by_path(COLUMN_NAME,',')) COLUMN_NAME
        from DBA_IND_COLUMNS
        start with COLUMN_POSITION = 1
        connect by TABLE_OWNER = prior TABLE_OWNER
        and TABLE_NAME = prior TABLE_NAME
        and INDEX_NAME = prior INDEX_NAME
        and COLUMN_POSITION = prior COLUMN_POSITION + 1) CONNECYBY
join (  select TABLE_OWNER SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME,max(COLUMN_POSITION) COLUMN_POSITION
        from DBA_IND_COLUMNS
        group by TABLE_OWNER,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME) MAX_CONNECYBY
on (    CONNECYBY.SCHEMA_NAME = MAX_CONNECYBY.SCHEMA_NAME
        and CONNECYBY.TABLE_NAME = MAX_CONNECYBY.TABLE_NAME
        and CONNECYBY.INDEX_NAME = MAX_CONNECYBY.INDEX_NAME
        and CONNECYBY.COLUMN_POSITION = MAX_CONNECYBY.COLUMN_POSITION)
order by CONNECYBY.SCHEMA_NAME,CONNECYBY.TABLE_NAME,CONNECYBY.INDEX_NAME

SQL Server 与

CONNECTBY(SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME,INDEX_COLUMN_ID,COLUMN_NAME) 
as 
    (   select SCHEMAS.NAME SCHEMA_NAME
            , TABLES.NAME TABLE_NAME
            , INDEXES.NAME INDEX_NAME
            , INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_COLUMN_ID INDEX_COLUMN_ID
            , cast(COLUMNS.NAME AS VARCHAR(MAX)) COLUMN_NAME
        from SYS.INDEXES
        join SYS.TABLES on (INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = TABLES.OBJECT_ID)
        join SYS.SCHEMAS on (TABLES.SCHEMA_ID = SCHEMAS.SCHEMA_ID)
        join SYS.INDEX_COLUMNS on ( INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = INDEX_COLUMNS.OBJECT_ID 
                                    and INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_ID = INDEXES.INDEX_ID)
        join SYS.COLUMNS on (   INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = COLUMNS.OBJECT_ID 
                                and INDEX_COLUMNS.COLUMN_ID = COLUMNS.COLUMN_ID)
        where INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_COLUMN_ID = 1
        union all
        select SCHEMAS.NAME SCHEMA_NAME
            , TABLES.NAME TABLE_NAME
            , INDEXES.NAME INDEX_NAME
            , INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_COLUMN_ID INDEX_COLUMN_ID
            , cast(PRIOR.COLUMN_NAME + ',' + COLUMNS.NAME AS VARCHAR(MAX)) COLUMN_NAME
        from SYS.INDEXES
        join SYS.TABLES on (INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = TABLES.OBJECT_ID)
        join SYS.SCHEMAS on (TABLES.SCHEMA_ID = SCHEMAS.SCHEMA_ID)
        join SYS.INDEX_COLUMNS on ( INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = INDEX_COLUMNS.OBJECT_ID 
                                    and INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_ID = INDEXES.INDEX_ID)
        join SYS.COLUMNS on (   INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = COLUMNS.OBJECT_ID 
                                and INDEX_COLUMNS.COLUMN_ID = COLUMNS.COLUMN_ID)
        join CONNECTBY as PRIOR on (SCHEMAS.NAME = PRIOR.SCHEMA_NAME 
                                    and TABLES.NAME = PRIOR.TABLE_NAME 
                                    and INDEXES.NAME = PRIOR.INDEX_NAME 
                                    and INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_COLUMN_ID = PRIOR.INDEX_COLUMN_ID + 1))
select CONNECTBY.SCHEMA_NAME,CONNECTBY.TABLE_NAME,CONNECTBY.INDEX_NAME,CONNECTBY.COLUMN_NAME
from CONNECTBY
join (  select  SCHEMA_NAME
                , TABLE_NAME
                , INDEX_NAME
                , MAX(INDEX_COLUMN_ID) INDEX_COLUMN_ID
        from CONNECTBY 
        group by SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME) MAX_CONNECTBY
        on (CONNECTBY.SCHEMA_NAME = MAX_CONNECTBY.SCHEMA_NAME
            and CONNECTBY.TABLE_NAME = MAX_CONNECTBY.TABLE_NAME
            and CONNECTBY.INDEX_NAME = MAX_CONNECTBY.INDEX_NAME
            and CONNECTBY.INDEX_COLUMN_ID = MAX_CONNECTBY.INDEX_COLUMN_ID)
order by CONNECTBY.SCHEMA_NAME,CONNECTBY.TABLE_NAME,CONNECTBY.INDEX_NAME

以下是最好的方法:

SELECT sys.tables.object_id, sys.tables.name as table_name, sys.columns.name as column_name, sys.indexes.name as index_name,
sys.indexes.is_unique, sys.indexes.is_primary_key 
FROM sys.tables, sys.indexes, sys.index_columns, sys.columns 
WHERE (sys.tables.object_id = sys.indexes.object_id AND sys.tables.object_id = sys.index_columns.object_id AND sys.tables.object_id = sys.columns.object_id
AND sys.indexes.index_id = sys.index_columns.index_id AND sys.index_columns.column_id = sys.columns.column_id) 
AND sys.tables.name = 'your_table_name'

我更喜欢使用隐式连接,因为它对我来说更容易理解。您可以删除object_id引用,因为您可能不需要它。

欢呼。

正确的一个在这里(当我们在一个表上有多个索引时,以上所有帖子都会给出笛卡尔积结果)

select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id 
                                  AND i.index_id = ic.index_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id 
                                  and  ic.column_id = c.column_id
where i.index_id > 0    
 and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
 and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
 and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
 and i.is_disabled = 0
 and i.is_hypothetical = 0
 and ic.key_ordinal > 0
 AND  t.name = 'DimCustomer'
order by ic.key_ordinal

我想到了这个,它给了我我需要的准确的概述。有帮助的是,每个索引得到一行,索引列被聚合到其中。

select 
    o.name as ObjectName, 
    i.name as IndexName, 
    i.is_primary_key as [PrimaryKey],
    SUBSTRING(i.[type_desc],0,6) as IndexType,
    i.is_unique as [Unique],
    Columns.[Normal] as IndexColumns,
    Columns.[Included] as IncludedColumns
from sys.indexes i 
join sys.objects o on i.object_id = o.object_id
cross apply
(
    select
        substring
        (
            (
                select ', ' + co.[name]
                from sys.index_columns ic
                join sys.columns co on co.object_id = i.object_id and co.column_id = ic.column_id
                where ic.object_id = i.object_id and ic.index_id = i.index_id and ic.is_included_column = 0
                order by ic.key_ordinal
                for xml path('')
            )
            , 3
            , 10000
        )    as [Normal]    
        , substring
        (
            (
                select ', ' + co.[name]
                from sys.index_columns ic
                join sys.columns co on co.object_id = i.object_id and co.column_id = ic.column_id
                where ic.object_id = i.object_id and ic.index_id = i.index_id and ic.is_included_column = 1
                order by ic.key_ordinal
                for xml path('')
            )
            , 3
            , 10000
        )    as [Included]    

) Columns
where o.[type] = 'U' --USER_TABLE
order by o.[name], i.[name], i.is_primary_key desc
with connect(schema_name,table_name,index_name,index_column_id,column_name) as
(   select s.name schema_name, t.name table_name, i.name index_name, index_column_id, cast(c.name as varchar(max)) column_name
 from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id and ic.index_id=i.index_id
        inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
                ic.column_id = c.column_id
                where index_column_id=1
union all
select s.name schema_name, t.name table_name, i.name index_name, ic.index_column_id, cast(connect.column_name + ',' + c.name as varchar(max)) column_name
 from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id and ic.index_id=i.index_id
        inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
                ic.column_id = c.column_id join connect on
connect.index_column_id+1 = ic.index_column_id
and connect.schema_name = s.name
and connect.table_name = t.name
and connect.index_name = i.name)
select connect.schema_name,connect.table_name,connect.index_name,connect.column_name
from connect join (select schema_name,table_name,index_name,MAX(index_column_id) index_column_id
from connect group by schema_name,table_name,index_name) mx
on connect.schema_name = mx.schema_name
and connect.table_name = mx.table_name
and connect.index_name = mx.index_name
and connect.index_column_id = mx.index_column_id
order by 1,2,3