如何在SQL Server 2005+中获得所有索引和索引列的列表?我能想到的最接近的是:

select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
        ic.column_id = c.column_id

where i.index_id > 0    
 and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
 and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
 and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
 and i.is_disabled = 0
 and i.is_hypothetical = 0
 and ic.key_ordinal > 0

order by ic.key_ordinal

这可不是我想要的。 我想要的是,列出所有用户定义的索引,(这意味着不支持唯一约束和主键的索引)与所有列(按它们在索引定义中的出现方式排序)以及尽可能多的元数据。


当前回答

首先,请注意,以上所有查询都可能遗漏或错误地合并索引的INCLUDE列。在某些情况下,还缺少列的正确排序和/或ASC/DESC选项。

由jona修改了上述查询。顺便说一句,在我使用的许多数据库中,我都安装了自己的CLR CONCATENATE聚合函数,因此下面的代码依赖于存在这样的东西。上面的SQL语句简化为更易于维护:

SELECT
  s.[name] AS [schema_name]
, t.[name] AS [table_name]
, i.[name] AS [index_name]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[key_ordinal] > 0 AND ic.[is_descending_key] = 1 THEN c.[name] + ' DESC' WHEN key_ordinal > 0 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [columns]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[is_included_column] = 1 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [includes]
FROM
  sys.tables t
INNER JOIN
  sys.schemas s ON t.[schema_id] = s.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN
  sys.indexes i ON i.[object_id] = t.[object_id]
INNER JOIN
  sys.index_columns ic ON ic.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.index_id = i.index_id
INNER JOIN
  sys.columns c ON c.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
GROUP BY
  s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]
ORDER BY
  s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]

如果您的环境允许将基于clr的函数添加到其中,那么就会有许多级联聚合。

其他回答

以下工作在SQL Server 2014/2016以及任何Microsoft Azure SQL数据库。

生成一个全面的结果集,可以很容易地导出到Notepad/Excel中进行切片和切块

表名 索引名称 指数描述 索引列-按顺序 包括列-按顺序

 SELECT '[' + s.NAME + '].[' + o.NAME + ']' AS 'table_name'
    ,+ i.NAME AS 'index_name'
    ,LOWER(i.type_desc) + CASE 
        WHEN i.is_unique = 1
            THEN ', unique'
        ELSE ''
        END + CASE 
        WHEN i.is_primary_key = 1
            THEN ', primary key'
        ELSE ''
        END AS 'index_description'
    ,STUFF((
            SELECT ', [' + sc.NAME + ']' AS "text()"
            FROM syscolumns AS sc
            INNER JOIN sys.index_columns AS ic ON ic.object_id = sc.id
                AND ic.column_id = sc.colid
            WHERE sc.id = so.object_id
                AND ic.index_id = i1.indid
                AND ic.is_included_column = 0
            ORDER BY key_ordinal
            FOR XML PATH('')
            ), 1, 2, '') AS 'indexed_columns'
    ,STUFF((
            SELECT ', [' + sc.NAME + ']' AS "text()"
            FROM syscolumns AS sc
            INNER JOIN sys.index_columns AS ic ON ic.object_id = sc.id
                AND ic.column_id = sc.colid
            WHERE sc.id = so.object_id
                AND ic.index_id = i1.indid
                AND ic.is_included_column = 1
            FOR XML PATH('')
            ), 1, 2, '') AS 'included_columns'
FROM sysindexes AS i1
INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS i ON i.object_id = i1.id
    AND i.index_id = i1.indid
INNER JOIN sysobjects AS o ON o.id = i1.id
INNER JOIN sys.objects AS so ON so.object_id = o.id
    AND is_ms_shipped = 0
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS s ON s.schema_id = so.schema_id
WHERE so.type = 'U'
    AND i1.indid < 255
    AND i1.STATUS & 64 = 0 --index with duplicates
    AND i1.STATUS & 8388608 = 0 --auto created index
    AND i1.STATUS & 16777216 = 0 --stats no recompute
    AND i.type_desc <> 'heap'
    AND so.NAME <> 'sysdiagrams'
ORDER BY table_name
    ,index_name;

我想到了这个,它给了我我需要的准确的概述。有帮助的是,每个索引得到一行,索引列被聚合到其中。

select 
    o.name as ObjectName, 
    i.name as IndexName, 
    i.is_primary_key as [PrimaryKey],
    SUBSTRING(i.[type_desc],0,6) as IndexType,
    i.is_unique as [Unique],
    Columns.[Normal] as IndexColumns,
    Columns.[Included] as IncludedColumns
from sys.indexes i 
join sys.objects o on i.object_id = o.object_id
cross apply
(
    select
        substring
        (
            (
                select ', ' + co.[name]
                from sys.index_columns ic
                join sys.columns co on co.object_id = i.object_id and co.column_id = ic.column_id
                where ic.object_id = i.object_id and ic.index_id = i.index_id and ic.is_included_column = 0
                order by ic.key_ordinal
                for xml path('')
            )
            , 3
            , 10000
        )    as [Normal]    
        , substring
        (
            (
                select ', ' + co.[name]
                from sys.index_columns ic
                join sys.columns co on co.object_id = i.object_id and co.column_id = ic.column_id
                where ic.object_id = i.object_id and ic.index_id = i.index_id and ic.is_included_column = 1
                order by ic.key_ordinal
                for xml path('')
            )
            , 3
            , 10000
        )    as [Included]    

) Columns
where o.[type] = 'U' --USER_TABLE
order by o.[name], i.[name], i.is_primary_key desc

我没有经过,但是我在原作者发布的查询中得到了我想要的东西。

我使用它(没有条件/过滤器)来满足我的需求,但它给出了不正确的结果

主要问题是在index_id上没有连接条件的情况下得到叉乘

SELECT S.NAME SCHEMA_NAME,T.NAME TABLE_NAME,I.NAME INDEX_NAME,C.NAME COLUMN_NAME
  FROM SYS.TABLES T
       INNER JOIN SYS.SCHEMAS S
    ON T.SCHEMA_ID = S.SCHEMA_ID
       INNER JOIN SYS.INDEXES I
    ON I.OBJECT_ID = T.OBJECT_ID
       INNER JOIN SYS.INDEX_COLUMNS IC
    ON IC.OBJECT_ID = T.OBJECT_ID
       INNER JOIN SYS.COLUMNS C
    ON C.OBJECT_ID  = T.OBJECT_ID
   **AND IC.INDEX_ID    = I.INDEX_ID**
   AND IC.COLUMN_ID = C.COLUMN_ID
 WHERE 1=1

ORDER BY I.NAME,I.INDEX_ID,IC.KEY_ORDINAL

可以使用sp_helpindex查看一个表的所有索引。

EXEC sys.sp_helpindex @objname = N'User' -- nvarchar(77)

对于所有索引,您可以遍历sys.;对象获取每个表的所有索引。

我需要得到特定的索引,它们的索引列和包含的列。以下是我使用的查询:

SELECT INX.[name] AS [Index Name]
      ,TBL.[name] AS [Table Name]
      ,DS1.[IndexColumnsNames]
      ,DS2.[IncludedColumnsNames]
FROM [sys].[indexes] INX
INNER JOIN [sys].[tables] TBL
    ON INX.[object_id] = TBL.[object_id]
CROSS APPLY 
(
    SELECT STUFF
    (
        (
            SELECT ' [' + CLS.[name] + ']'
            FROM [sys].[index_columns] INXCLS
            INNER JOIN [sys].[columns] CLS 
                ON INXCLS.[object_id] = CLS.[object_id] 
                AND INXCLS.[column_id] = CLS.[column_id]
            WHERE INX.[object_id] = INXCLS.[object_id] 
                AND INX.[index_id] = INXCLS.[index_id]
                AND INXCLS.[is_included_column] = 0
            FOR XML PATH('')
        )
        ,1
        ,1
        ,''
    ) 
) DS1 ([IndexColumnsNames])
CROSS APPLY 
(
    SELECT STUFF
    (
        (
            SELECT ' [' + CLS.[name] + ']'
            FROM [sys].[index_columns] INXCLS
            INNER JOIN [sys].[columns] CLS 
                ON INXCLS.[object_id] = CLS.[object_id] 
                AND INXCLS.[column_id] = CLS.[column_id]
            WHERE INX.[object_id] = INXCLS.[object_id] 
                AND INX.[index_id] = INXCLS.[index_id]
                AND INXCLS.[is_included_column] = 1
            FOR XML PATH('')
        )
        ,1
        ,1
        ,''
    ) 
) DS2 ([IncludedColumnsNames])