如何在SQL Server 2005+中获得所有索引和索引列的列表?我能想到的最接近的是:
select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
ic.column_id = c.column_id
where i.index_id > 0
and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
and i.is_disabled = 0
and i.is_hypothetical = 0
and ic.key_ordinal > 0
order by ic.key_ordinal
这可不是我想要的。
我想要的是，列出所有用户定义的索引，(这意味着不支持唯一约束和主键的索引)与所有列(按它们在索引定义中的出现方式排序)以及尽可能多的元数据。
我可以大胆回答这个饱和的问题吗?
这是@marc_s答案的自由重做，混合了来自@Tim Ford的一些东西，目标是有一个更干净和更简单的结果集和最终显示和排序，以满足我当前的需要。
SELECT
OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(t.[object_id],DB_ID()) AS [Schema],
t.[name] AS [TableName],
ind.[name] AS [IndexName],
col.[name] AS [ColumnName],
ic.column_id AS [ColumnId],
ind.[type_desc] AS [IndexTypeDesc],
col.is_identity AS [IsIdentity],
ind.[is_unique] AS [IsUnique],
ind.[is_primary_key] AS [IsPrimaryKey],
ic.[is_descending_key] AS [IsDescendingKey],
ic.[is_included_column] AS [IsIncludedColumn]
FROM
sys.indexes ind
INNER JOIN
sys.index_columns ic
ON ind.object_id = ic.object_id AND ind.index_id = ic.index_id
INNER JOIN
sys.columns col
ON ic.object_id = col.object_id and ic.column_id = col.column_id
INNER JOIN
sys.tables t
ON ind.object_id = t.object_id
WHERE
t.is_ms_shipped = 0
--ind.is_primary_key = 1 -- include or not pks, etc
--AND ind.is_unique = 0
--AND ind.is_unique_constraint = 0
ORDER BY
[Schema],
TableName,
IndexName,
[ColumnId],
ColumnName
有两个“sys”目录视图可以参考:Indexes和sys.index_columns。
这些会给你关于下标和它们的列的任何信息。
编辑:这个查询非常接近你所寻找的:
SELECT
TableName = t.name,
IndexName = ind.name,
IndexId = ind.index_id,
ColumnId = ic.index_column_id,
ColumnName = col.name,
ind.*,
ic.*,
col.*
FROM
sys.indexes ind
INNER JOIN
sys.index_columns ic ON ind.object_id = ic.object_id and ind.index_id = ic.index_id
INNER JOIN
sys.columns col ON ic.object_id = col.object_id and ic.column_id = col.column_id
INNER JOIN
sys.tables t ON ind.object_id = t.object_id
WHERE
ind.is_primary_key = 0
AND ind.is_unique = 0
AND ind.is_unique_constraint = 0
AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
ORDER BY
t.name, ind.name, ind.index_id, ic.is_included_column, ic.key_ordinal;
以下工作在SQL Server 2014/2016以及任何Microsoft Azure SQL数据库。
生成一个全面的结果集，可以很容易地导出到Notepad/Excel中进行切片和切块
表名
索引名称
指数描述
索引列-按顺序
包括列-按顺序
SELECT '[' + s.NAME + '].[' + o.NAME + ']' AS 'table_name'
,+ i.NAME AS 'index_name'
,LOWER(i.type_desc) + CASE
WHEN i.is_unique = 1
THEN ', unique'
ELSE ''
END + CASE
WHEN i.is_primary_key = 1
THEN ', primary key'
ELSE ''
END AS 'index_description'
,STUFF((
SELECT ', [' + sc.NAME + ']' AS "text()"
FROM syscolumns AS sc
INNER JOIN sys.index_columns AS ic ON ic.object_id = sc.id
AND ic.column_id = sc.colid
WHERE sc.id = so.object_id
AND ic.index_id = i1.indid
AND ic.is_included_column = 0
ORDER BY key_ordinal
FOR XML PATH('')
), 1, 2, '') AS 'indexed_columns'
,STUFF((
SELECT ', [' + sc.NAME + ']' AS "text()"
FROM syscolumns AS sc
INNER JOIN sys.index_columns AS ic ON ic.object_id = sc.id
AND ic.column_id = sc.colid
WHERE sc.id = so.object_id
AND ic.index_id = i1.indid
AND ic.is_included_column = 1
FOR XML PATH('')
), 1, 2, '') AS 'included_columns'
FROM sysindexes AS i1
INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS i ON i.object_id = i1.id
AND i.index_id = i1.indid
INNER JOIN sysobjects AS o ON o.id = i1.id
INNER JOIN sys.objects AS so ON so.object_id = o.id
AND is_ms_shipped = 0
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS s ON s.schema_id = so.schema_id
WHERE so.type = 'U'
AND i1.indid < 255
AND i1.STATUS & 64 = 0 --index with duplicates
AND i1.STATUS & 8388608 = 0 --auto created index
AND i1.STATUS & 16777216 = 0 --stats no recompute
AND i.type_desc <> 'heap'
AND so.NAME <> 'sysdiagrams'
ORDER BY table_name
,index_name;
这是可行的:
DECLARE @IndexInfo TABLE (index_name varchar(250)
,index_description varchar(250)
,index_keys varchar(250)
)
INSERT INTO @IndexInfo
exec sp_msforeachtable 'sp_helpindex ''?'''
select * from @IndexInfo
这不会返回表名，你会得到所有没有索引的表的警告，如果这是一个问题，你可以在有索引的表上创建一个循环，像这样:
DECLARE @IndexInfoTemp TABLE (index_name varchar(250)
,index_description varchar(250)
,index_keys varchar(250)
)
DECLARE @IndexInfo TABLE (table_name sysname
,index_name varchar(250)
,index_description varchar(250)
,index_keys varchar(250)
)
DECLARE @Tables Table (RowID int not null identity(1,1)
,TableName sysname
)
DECLARE @MaxRow int
DECLARE @CurrentRow int
DECLARE @CurrentTable sysname
INSERT INTO @Tables
SELECT
DISTINCT t.name
FROM sys.indexes i
INNER JOIN sys.tables t ON i.object_id = t.object_id
WHERE i.Name IS NOT NULL
SELECT @MaxRow=@@ROWCOUNT,@CurrentRow=1
WHILE @CurrentRow<=@MaxRow
BEGIN
SELECT @CurrentTable=TableName FROM @Tables WHERE RowID=@CurrentRow
INSERT INTO @IndexInfoTemp
exec sp_helpindex @CurrentTable
INSERT INTO @IndexInfo
(table_name , index_name , index_description , index_keys)
SELECT
@CurrentTable , index_name , index_description , index_keys
FROM @IndexInfoTemp
DELETE FROM @IndexInfoTemp
SET @CurrentRow=@CurrentRow+1
END --WHILE
SELECT * from @IndexInfo
编辑
如果你愿意，你可以过滤数据，这里有一些例子(这两种方法都适用):
SELECT * FROM @IndexInfo WHERE index_description NOT LIKE '%primary key%'
SELECT * FROM @IndexInfo WHERE index_description NOT LIKE '%nonclustered%' AND index_description LIKE '%clustered%'
SELECT * FROM @IndexInfo WHERE index_description LIKE '%unique%'
首先，请注意，以上所有查询都可能遗漏或错误地合并索引的INCLUDE列。在某些情况下，还缺少列的正确排序和/或ASC/DESC选项。
由jona修改了上述查询。顺便说一句，在我使用的许多数据库中，我都安装了自己的CLR CONCATENATE聚合函数，因此下面的代码依赖于存在这样的东西。上面的SQL语句简化为更易于维护:
SELECT
s.[name] AS [schema_name]
, t.[name] AS [table_name]
, i.[name] AS [index_name]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[key_ordinal] > 0 AND ic.[is_descending_key] = 1 THEN c.[name] + ' DESC' WHEN key_ordinal > 0 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [columns]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[is_included_column] = 1 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [includes]
FROM
sys.tables t
INNER JOIN
sys.schemas s ON t.[schema_id] = s.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN
sys.indexes i ON i.[object_id] = t.[object_id]
INNER JOIN
sys.index_columns ic ON ic.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.index_id = i.index_id
INNER JOIN
sys.columns c ON c.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
GROUP BY
s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]
ORDER BY
s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]
如果您的环境允许将基于clr的函数添加到其中，那么就会有许多级联聚合。
根据Tim Ford的代码，这是正确答案:
select tab.[name] as [table_name],
idx.[name] as [index_name],
allc.[name] as [column_name],
idx.[type_desc],
idx.[is_unique],
idx.[data_space_id],
idx.[ignore_dup_key],
idx.[is_primary_key],
idx.[is_unique_constraint],
idx.[fill_factor],
idx.[is_padded],
idx.[is_disabled],
idx.[is_hypothetical],
idx.[allow_row_locks],
idx.[allow_page_locks],
idxc.[is_descending_key],
idxc.[is_included_column],
idxc.[index_column_id]
from sys.[tables] as tab
inner join sys.[indexes] idx on tab.[object_id] = idx.[object_id]
inner join sys.[index_columns] idxc on idx.[object_id] = idxc.[object_id] and idx.[index_id] = idxc.[index_id]
inner join sys.[all_columns] allc on tab.[object_id] = allc.[object_id] and idxc.[column_id] = allc.[column_id]
where tab.[name] Like '%table_name%'
and idx.[name] Like '%index_name%'
order by tab.[name], idx.[index_id], idxc.[index_column_id]
