如何在SQL Server 2005+中获得所有索引和索引列的列表?我能想到的最接近的是:

select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
        ic.column_id = c.column_id

where i.index_id > 0    
 and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
 and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
 and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
 and i.is_disabled = 0
 and i.is_hypothetical = 0
 and ic.key_ordinal > 0

order by ic.key_ordinal

这可不是我想要的。 我想要的是,列出所有用户定义的索引,(这意味着不支持唯一约束和主键的索引)与所有列(按它们在索引定义中的出现方式排序)以及尽可能多的元数据。


当前回答

我更新了KFD9的答案。

我调整了他们的版本,以支持include-specification,而不使用已弃用的indexkey_property

这为索引和约束提供了create和drop语句。

with indexes as (
    SELECT
      schema_name(schema_id) as SchemaName, OBJECT_NAME(si.object_id) as TableName, si.name as IndexName,
      (CASE is_primary_key WHEN 1 THEN 'PK' ELSE '' END) as PK,
      (CASE is_unique WHEN 1 THEN '1' ELSE '0' END)+' '+
      (CASE si.type WHEN 1 THEN 'C' WHEN 3 THEN 'X' ELSE 'B' END)+' ' as 'Type',  -- B=basic, C=Clustered, X=XML
      (select string_agg(CAST('[' + c.name + ']' + case when is_descending_key = 1 then ' DESC' else '' end AS NVARCHAR(MAX)), ',') within group (order by index_column_id) 
         from sys.index_columns ic JOIN sys.columns c on ic.column_id = c.column_id and ic.object_id = c.object_id where ic.index_id = si.index_id and ic.object_id = si.object_id and ic.is_included_column = 0) Cols,
      (select string_agg(CAST('[' + c.name + ']' + case when is_descending_key = 1 then ' DESC' else '' end AS NVARCHAR(MAX)), ',') within group (order by index_column_id) 
         from sys.index_columns ic JOIN sys.columns c on ic.column_id = c.column_id and ic.object_id = c.object_id where ic.index_id = si.index_id and ic.object_id = si.object_id and ic.is_included_column = 1) IncludedCols,
      (select count(*) from sys.index_columns ic where ic.index_id = si.index_id and ic.object_id = si.object_id) IndexColsCount
    FROM sys.indexes as si
    LEFT JOIN sys.objects as so on so.object_id=si.object_id
    WHERE index_id>0 -- omit the default heap
      and OBJECTPROPERTY(si.object_id,'IsMsShipped')=0 -- omit system tables
      and not (schema_name(schema_id)='dbo' and OBJECT_NAME(si.object_id)='sysdiagrams') -- omit sysdiagrams
)
SELECT SchemaName, TableName, IndexName,
  (CASE pk
    WHEN 'PK' THEN 'ALTER '+
     'TABLE ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName+'] ADD CONSTRAINT ['+IndexName+'] PRIMARY KEY'+
     (CASE substring(Type,3,1) WHEN 'C' THEN ' CLUSTERED' ELSE '' END)
    ELSE 'CREATE '+
     (CASE substring(Type,1,1) WHEN '1' THEN 'UNIQUE ' ELSE '' END)+
     (CASE substring(Type,3,1) WHEN 'C' THEN 'CLUSTERED ' ELSE '' END)+
     'INDEX ['+IndexName+'] ON ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName+']'
    END)+
  ' ('+Cols+')'+
  isnull(' include ('+IncludedCols+')', '')+
  '' as CreateIndex,
    CASE pk
    WHEN 'PK' THEN 'ALTER '+
     'TABLE ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+IndexName+'] '
    ELSE 'DROP INDEX ['+IndexName+'] ON ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName + ']'
    END AS DropIndex,
    IndexColsCount
FROM indexes
ORDER BY SchemaName,TableName,IndexName

其他回答

with connect(schema_name,table_name,index_name,index_column_id,column_name) as
(   select s.name schema_name, t.name table_name, i.name index_name, index_column_id, cast(c.name as varchar(max)) column_name
 from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id and ic.index_id=i.index_id
        inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
                ic.column_id = c.column_id
                where index_column_id=1
union all
select s.name schema_name, t.name table_name, i.name index_name, ic.index_column_id, cast(connect.column_name + ',' + c.name as varchar(max)) column_name
 from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id and ic.index_id=i.index_id
        inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
                ic.column_id = c.column_id join connect on
connect.index_column_id+1 = ic.index_column_id
and connect.schema_name = s.name
and connect.table_name = t.name
and connect.index_name = i.name)
select connect.schema_name,connect.table_name,connect.index_name,connect.column_name
from connect join (select schema_name,table_name,index_name,MAX(index_column_id) index_column_id
from connect group by schema_name,table_name,index_name) mx
on connect.schema_name = mx.schema_name
and connect.table_name = mx.table_name
and connect.index_name = mx.index_name
and connect.index_column_id = mx.index_column_id
order by 1,2,3

正确的一个在这里(当我们在一个表上有多个索引时,以上所有帖子都会给出笛卡尔积结果)

select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id 
                                  AND i.index_id = ic.index_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id 
                                  and  ic.column_id = c.column_id
where i.index_id > 0    
 and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
 and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
 and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
 and i.is_disabled = 0
 and i.is_hypothetical = 0
 and ic.key_ordinal > 0
 AND  t.name = 'DimCustomer'
order by ic.key_ordinal

根据Tim Ford的代码,这是正确答案:

  select tab.[name]  as [table_name],
         idx.[name]  as [index_name],
         allc.[name] as [column_name],
         idx.[type_desc],
         idx.[is_unique],
         idx.[data_space_id],
         idx.[ignore_dup_key],
         idx.[is_primary_key],
         idx.[is_unique_constraint],
         idx.[fill_factor],
         idx.[is_padded],
         idx.[is_disabled],
         idx.[is_hypothetical],
         idx.[allow_row_locks],
         idx.[allow_page_locks],
         idxc.[is_descending_key],
         idxc.[is_included_column],
         idxc.[index_column_id]

     from sys.[tables] as tab

    inner join sys.[indexes]       idx  on tab.[object_id] =  idx.[object_id]
    inner join sys.[index_columns] idxc on idx.[object_id] = idxc.[object_id] and  idx.[index_id]  = idxc.[index_id]
    inner join sys.[all_columns]   allc on tab.[object_id] = allc.[object_id] and idxc.[column_id] = allc.[column_id]

    where tab.[name] Like '%table_name%'
      and idx.[name] Like '%index_name%'
    order by tab.[name], idx.[index_id], idxc.[index_column_id]

可以使用sp_helpindex查看一个表的所有索引。

EXEC sys.sp_helpindex @objname = N'User' -- nvarchar(77)

对于所有索引,您可以遍历sys.;对象获取每个表的所有索引。

我想到了这个,它给了我我需要的准确的概述。有帮助的是,每个索引得到一行,索引列被聚合到其中。

select 
    o.name as ObjectName, 
    i.name as IndexName, 
    i.is_primary_key as [PrimaryKey],
    SUBSTRING(i.[type_desc],0,6) as IndexType,
    i.is_unique as [Unique],
    Columns.[Normal] as IndexColumns,
    Columns.[Included] as IncludedColumns
from sys.indexes i 
join sys.objects o on i.object_id = o.object_id
cross apply
(
    select
        substring
        (
            (
                select ', ' + co.[name]
                from sys.index_columns ic
                join sys.columns co on co.object_id = i.object_id and co.column_id = ic.column_id
                where ic.object_id = i.object_id and ic.index_id = i.index_id and ic.is_included_column = 0
                order by ic.key_ordinal
                for xml path('')
            )
            , 3
            , 10000
        )    as [Normal]    
        , substring
        (
            (
                select ', ' + co.[name]
                from sys.index_columns ic
                join sys.columns co on co.object_id = i.object_id and co.column_id = ic.column_id
                where ic.object_id = i.object_id and ic.index_id = i.index_id and ic.is_included_column = 1
                order by ic.key_ordinal
                for xml path('')
            )
            , 3
            , 10000
        )    as [Included]    

) Columns
where o.[type] = 'U' --USER_TABLE
order by o.[name], i.[name], i.is_primary_key desc