如何在SQL Server 2005+中获得所有索引和索引列的列表?我能想到的最接近的是:

select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
        ic.column_id = c.column_id

where i.index_id > 0    
 and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
 and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
 and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
 and i.is_disabled = 0
 and i.is_hypothetical = 0
 and ic.key_ordinal > 0

order by ic.key_ordinal

这可不是我想要的。 我想要的是,列出所有用户定义的索引,(这意味着不支持唯一约束和主键的索引)与所有列(按它们在索引定义中的出现方式排序)以及尽可能多的元数据。


当前回答

我更新了KFD9的答案。

我调整了他们的版本,以支持include-specification,而不使用已弃用的indexkey_property

这为索引和约束提供了create和drop语句。

with indexes as (
    SELECT
      schema_name(schema_id) as SchemaName, OBJECT_NAME(si.object_id) as TableName, si.name as IndexName,
      (CASE is_primary_key WHEN 1 THEN 'PK' ELSE '' END) as PK,
      (CASE is_unique WHEN 1 THEN '1' ELSE '0' END)+' '+
      (CASE si.type WHEN 1 THEN 'C' WHEN 3 THEN 'X' ELSE 'B' END)+' ' as 'Type',  -- B=basic, C=Clustered, X=XML
      (select string_agg(CAST('[' + c.name + ']' + case when is_descending_key = 1 then ' DESC' else '' end AS NVARCHAR(MAX)), ',') within group (order by index_column_id) 
         from sys.index_columns ic JOIN sys.columns c on ic.column_id = c.column_id and ic.object_id = c.object_id where ic.index_id = si.index_id and ic.object_id = si.object_id and ic.is_included_column = 0) Cols,
      (select string_agg(CAST('[' + c.name + ']' + case when is_descending_key = 1 then ' DESC' else '' end AS NVARCHAR(MAX)), ',') within group (order by index_column_id) 
         from sys.index_columns ic JOIN sys.columns c on ic.column_id = c.column_id and ic.object_id = c.object_id where ic.index_id = si.index_id and ic.object_id = si.object_id and ic.is_included_column = 1) IncludedCols,
      (select count(*) from sys.index_columns ic where ic.index_id = si.index_id and ic.object_id = si.object_id) IndexColsCount
    FROM sys.indexes as si
    LEFT JOIN sys.objects as so on so.object_id=si.object_id
    WHERE index_id>0 -- omit the default heap
      and OBJECTPROPERTY(si.object_id,'IsMsShipped')=0 -- omit system tables
      and not (schema_name(schema_id)='dbo' and OBJECT_NAME(si.object_id)='sysdiagrams') -- omit sysdiagrams
)
SELECT SchemaName, TableName, IndexName,
  (CASE pk
    WHEN 'PK' THEN 'ALTER '+
     'TABLE ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName+'] ADD CONSTRAINT ['+IndexName+'] PRIMARY KEY'+
     (CASE substring(Type,3,1) WHEN 'C' THEN ' CLUSTERED' ELSE '' END)
    ELSE 'CREATE '+
     (CASE substring(Type,1,1) WHEN '1' THEN 'UNIQUE ' ELSE '' END)+
     (CASE substring(Type,3,1) WHEN 'C' THEN 'CLUSTERED ' ELSE '' END)+
     'INDEX ['+IndexName+'] ON ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName+']'
    END)+
  ' ('+Cols+')'+
  isnull(' include ('+IncludedCols+')', '')+
  '' as CreateIndex,
    CASE pk
    WHEN 'PK' THEN 'ALTER '+
     'TABLE ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+IndexName+'] '
    ELSE 'DROP INDEX ['+IndexName+'] ON ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName + ']'
    END AS DropIndex,
    IndexColsCount
FROM indexes
ORDER BY SchemaName,TableName,IndexName

其他回答

可以使用sp_helpindex查看一个表的所有索引。

EXEC sys.sp_helpindex @objname = N'User' -- nvarchar(77)

对于所有索引,您可以遍历sys.;对象获取每个表的所有索引。

这是我的,工作在一个默认模式,但它可以很容易地改进 它提供了3列SQLQueries -创建/删除/重建(没有重组)

查询:

SELECT
'CREATE ' + 
CASE WHEN is_primary_key=1 THEN 'CLUSTERED' 
WHEN is_primary_key=0 and is_unique_constraint=0 THEN 'NONCLUSTERED'
WHEN is_primary_key=0 and is_unique_constraint=1 THEN 'UNIQUE' END  
+ ' INDEX ' +
QUOTENAME(i.name) + ' ON ' +
QUOTENAME(t.name) + ' ( '  + 
STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE((
        SELECT QUOTENAME(c.name) + CASE WHEN ic.is_descending_key = 1 THEN ' DESC' ELSE '' END AS [data()]
        FROM sys.index_columns AS ic
        INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
        WHERE ic.object_id = i.object_id AND ic.index_id = i.index_id AND ic.is_included_column = 0
        ORDER BY ic.key_ordinal
        FOR XML PATH
    ), '<row>', ', '), '</row>', ''), 1, 2, '') + ' ) '  -- keycols
+ COALESCE(' INCLUDE ( ' +
    STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE((
        SELECT QUOTENAME(c.name) AS [data()]
        FROM sys.index_columns AS ic
        INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
        WHERE ic.object_id = i.object_id AND ic.index_id = i.index_id AND ic.is_included_column = 1
        ORDER BY ic.index_column_id
        FOR XML PATH
    ), '<row>', ', '), '</row>', ''), 1, 2, '') + ' ) ',    -- included cols
    '') as [Create],
'DROP INDEX ' + QUOTENAME(i.name) + ' ON ' + QUOTENAME(t.name) as [Drop],
'ALTER INDEX ' + QUOTENAME(i.name)  + ' ON ' +QUOTENAME(t.name) + ' REBUILD ' as [Rebuild]
FROM sys.tables AS t
INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS i ON t.object_id = i.object_id
LEFT JOIN sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats AS u ON i.object_id = u.object_id AND i.index_id = u.index_id
WHERE t.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND i.type <> 0
order by QUOTENAME(t.name), is_primary_key desc

输出

Create                                                                                                      Drop                                    Rebuild
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX [PK_Table1] ON [Table1] ( [Tab1_ID] )                                                DROP INDEX [PK_Table1] ON [Table1]      ALTER INDEX [PK_Table1] ON [Table1] REBUILD 
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [IX_Table1_Name] ON [Table1] ( [Tab1_Name] )                                            DROP INDEX [IX_Table1_Name] ON [Table1] ALTER INDEX [IX_Table1_Name] ON [Table1] REBUILD 
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX_Table2] ON [Table2] ( [Tab2_Name], [Tab2_City] )  INCLUDE ( [Tab2_PhoneNo] )  DROP INDEX [IX_Table2] ON [Table2]      ALTER INDEX [IX_Table2] ON [Table2] REBUILD

这是可行的:

DECLARE @IndexInfo  TABLE (index_name         varchar(250)
                          ,index_description  varchar(250)
                          ,index_keys         varchar(250)
                          )

INSERT INTO @IndexInfo
exec sp_msforeachtable 'sp_helpindex ''?'''
select * from @IndexInfo

这不会返回表名,你会得到所有没有索引的表的警告,如果这是一个问题,你可以在有索引的表上创建一个循环,像这样:

DECLARE @IndexInfoTemp  TABLE (index_name         varchar(250)
                              ,index_description  varchar(250)
                              ,index_keys         varchar(250)
                              )

DECLARE @IndexInfo  TABLE (table_name         sysname
                          ,index_name         varchar(250)
                          ,index_description  varchar(250)
                          ,index_keys         varchar(250)
                          )

DECLARE @Tables Table (RowID       int not null identity(1,1)
                      ,TableName   sysname 
                      )
DECLARE @MaxRow       int
DECLARE @CurrentRow   int
DECLARE @CurrentTable sysname

INSERT INTO @Tables
    SELECT
        DISTINCT t.name 
        FROM sys.indexes i
            INNER JOIN sys.tables t ON i.object_id = t.object_id
        WHERE i.Name IS NOT NULL
SELECT @MaxRow=@@ROWCOUNT,@CurrentRow=1

WHILE @CurrentRow<=@MaxRow
BEGIN

    SELECT @CurrentTable=TableName FROM @Tables WHERE RowID=@CurrentRow

    INSERT INTO @IndexInfoTemp
    exec sp_helpindex @CurrentTable

    INSERT INTO @IndexInfo
            (table_name   , index_name , index_description , index_keys)
        SELECT
            @CurrentTable , index_name , index_description , index_keys
        FROM @IndexInfoTemp

    DELETE FROM @IndexInfoTemp

    SET @CurrentRow=@CurrentRow+1

END --WHILE
SELECT * from @IndexInfo

编辑 如果你愿意,你可以过滤数据,这里有一些例子(这两种方法都适用):

SELECT * FROM @IndexInfo WHERE index_description NOT LIKE '%primary key%'
SELECT * FROM @IndexInfo WHERE index_description NOT LIKE '%nonclustered%' AND index_description  LIKE '%clustered%'
SELECT * FROM @IndexInfo WHERE index_description LIKE '%unique%'

当我有这个需求时,我使用了以下查询…

SELECT 
    TableName = t.name,
    ColumnId = col.column_id, 
    ColumnName = col.name,
    DataType = ty.name,
    MaxSize = ty.max_length,
    IsNullable = CASE WHEN (col.is_nullable = 1) THEN 'Y' END,
    IsIdentity = CASE WHEN (col.is_identity = 1) THEN 'Y' END,
    IsPrimaryKey = CASE WHEN (ic.column_id = col.column_id) THEN 'Y' END,
    IsForeignKey = CASE WHEN (fkc.parent_column_id = col.column_id) THEN 'Y' END,
    IsDefault = CASE WHEN (dc.parent_column_id = col.column_id) THEN 'Y' END
FROM 
    sys.tables t
INNER JOIN 
     sys.columns col ON t.object_id = col.object_id 
LEFT JOIN
    sys.indexes ind ON t.object_id = ind.object_id 
LEFT JOIN 
     sys.index_columns ic ON ic.index_id=ind.index_id AND ic.object_id = col.object_id and ic.column_id = col.column_id
LEFT JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns fkc
                ON fkc.parent_object_id = col.object_id AND fkc.parent_column_id=col.column_id
LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints dc
                ON dc.parent_object_id = col.object_id AND dc.parent_column_id=col.column_id
LEFT JOIN
     sys.types ty on ty.user_type_id = col.user_type_id

WHERE
    --t.name='<TABLENAME>'
    t.schema_id = 10    --SCHEMA ID
    AND ind.is_primary_key=1    
ORDER BY
    t.name, ColumnId

试试这个:

EXEC sys.sp_helpindex @objname = 'mytable';