据我所知,web worker需要写在一个单独的JavaScript文件中,并像这样调用:

new Worker('longrunning.js')

我正在使用闭包编译器来合并和缩小我所有的JavaScript源代码,我不希望将我的worker放在单独的文件中进行分发。有什么办法可以做到吗?

new Worker(function() {
    //Long-running work here
});

既然一级函数对JavaScript如此重要,为什么标准的后台工作方式必须从web服务器加载整个其他JavaScript文件呢?


当前回答

我喜欢ifbamoq给出的答案,但由于堆栈溢出的积分政策,我无法评论。因此,我将给出一个示例,展示一些正在进行的密集工作——以及它如何不锁定主线程。

如果你像我一样双击html文件,把它们当成小程序,就不会遇到空原点的CORS问题。: -)

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Worker example: One-core computation</title> </head> <body> <p>The highest prime number discovered so far is: <div id="result"></div></p> </body> <script> // let worker = new Worker('WebWorker.js'); // lets skip this to avoid null origin issues let WorkerFn = (event) => { let isPrime = false; for (let n = 2; n <= 1_000_000; n++) { isPrime = true; for(let i = 2; i <= Math.sqrt(n); i++) if (n % i == 0) isPrime = false; // If you can get thru all this shit and survive, ur prime! if (isPrime) postMessage(n); } } let worker = new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob(["(" + WorkerFn.toString() + ")()"], {type: "text/javascript"}))); worker.onmessage = (event) => { result.innerHTML = event.data; } </script> </html>

其他回答

我的看法是:

function BuildWorker(fn){
   var str = fn.toString().match(/^[^{]+{([\s\S]+)}\s*$/m)[1];
   return  new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(
                new Blob([str],{type:'text/javascript'})));
}

function createAsyncWorker(fn){
    
    // asyncworker=createAsyncWorker(function(){
    //     importScripts('my_otherscript.js');
    //     self.onmessage = function([arg1,arg2]) {
    //         self.postMessage('msg from worker');
    //     };
    // })
    // await asyncworker.postMessage('arg1','value')
    // await asyncworker.postMessage('arg1','value')
    // asyncworker.worker.terminate()
    
    var worker = BuildWorker(fn);

    function postMessage(...message){
        let external={}, promise= new Promise((resolve,reject)=>{external.resolve=resolve;external.reject=reject;})
        worker.onmessage = function(message){ external.resolve(message.data)};
        worker.postMessage(message); // Start the worker.
        return promise;
    }

    return {worker,postMessage};
}

使用的例子:

autoarima = createAsyncWorker(function(){
    importScripts("https://127.0.0.1:11000/arima.js")
    
    self.onmessage=(message)=>{
        let [action,arg1,arg2]=message.data
        if(action=='load')
        {
            ARIMAPromise.then(ARIMA1 => {
                ARIMA=ARIMA1
                autoarima = new ARIMA({ auto: true });
                //   const ts = Array(10).fill(0).map((_, i) => i + Math.random() / 5)
                //   const arima = new ARIMA({ p: 2, d: 1, q: 2, P: 0, D: 0, Q: 0, S: 0, verbose: false }).train(ts)
                //   const [pred, errors] = arima.predict(10)
                postMessage('ok')
            });
        }
        if(action=='fit')
        {
            autoarima.fit(arg1)
            postMessage('ok')
        }
        if(action=='predict')
        {
            postMessage(autoarima.predict(arg1,arg2)) 
        }
    };
})
autoarima.terminate=function(){  this.worker.terminate(); }
autoarima.load=async function(...args){return await this.postMessage('load',...args)}
autoarima.fit=async function(...args){return await this.postMessage('fit',...args)}
autoarima.predict=async function(...args){return await this.postMessage('predict',...args)}

await autoarima.load()
await autoarima.fit(b_values)
await autoarima.predict(1)

一个更好的阅读方式为内联工人..

    var worker_fn = function(e) 
    {
        self.postMessage('msg from worker');            
    };

    var blob = new Blob(["onmessage ="+worker_fn.toString()], { type: "text/javascript" });

    var worker = new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(blob));
    worker.onmessage = function(e) 
    {
       alert(e.data);
    };
    worker.postMessage("start"); 

我认为更好的方法是使用Blob对象,下面你可以看到一个简单的例子。

// create a Blob object with a worker code
var blob = new Blob(["onmessage = function(e) { postMessage('msg from worker'); }"]);

// Obtain a blob URL reference to our worker 'file'.
var blobURL = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);

// create a Worker
var worker = new Worker(blobURL);
worker.onmessage = function(e) {
  console.log(e.data);
};
worker.postMessage("Send some Data"); 

看一下vkThread插件。使用htis插件,你可以在主代码中获取任何函数,并在线程(web worker)中执行它。所以,你不需要创建一个特殊的“web-worker文件”。

http://www.eslinstructor.net/vkthread/

——瓦迪姆

控制台:

var worker=new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([function(){
  //Long-running work here
  postMessage('done');
}.toString().split('\n').slice(1,-1).join('\n')],{type:'text/javascript'})));

worker.addEventListener('message',function(event){
  console.log(event.data);
});