您需要安装开发包，即libssl-dev:

sudo apt-get install libssl-dev

我是怎么知道的 我自己(除了问这个 问题)?我能不能告诉你 Apt-get列出所有包，以及grep . get ssl ?还是我需要知道 “lib*-dev”命名规范?

如果你用-lfoo链接，那么这个库很可能是libfoo.so。库本身可能是libfoo包的一部分，并且正如您所发现的，头文件位于libfoo-dev包中。

有些人使用GUI“synaptic”应用程序(sudo synaptic)来(定位和)安装包，但我更喜欢使用命令行。更容易从命令行找到正确的包的一个原因是apt-get支持bash补全。

尝试输入sudo apt-get install libssl，然后按tab键查看匹配的包名列表(当您需要选择具有多个版本或其他可用变体的包的正确版本时，这可以提供帮助)。

Bash补全实际上非常有用…例如，您还可以通过键入sudo apt-get然后按tab键来获得apt-get支持的命令列表。

我在这里找到了详细的解决方案:在Linux上手动安装OpenSSL

从博客文章中…

Steps to download, compile, and install are as follows (I'm installing version 1.0.1g below; please replace "1.0.1g" with your version number): Step – 1 : Downloading OpenSSL: Run the command as below : $ wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz Also, download the MD5 hash to verify the integrity of the downloaded file for just varifacation purpose. In the same folder where you have downloaded the OpenSSL file from the website : $ wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz.md5 $ md5sum openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz $ cat openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz.md5 Step – 2 : Extract files from the downloaded package: $ tar -xvzf openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz Now, enter the directory where the package is extracted like here is openssl-1.0.1g $ cd openssl-1.0.1g Step – 3 : Configuration OpenSSL Run below command with optional condition to set prefix and directory where you want to copy files and folder. $ ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl --openssldir=/usr/local/openssl You can replace “/usr/local/openssl” with the directory path where you want to copy the files and folders. But make sure while doing this steps check for any error message on terminal. Step – 4 : Compiling OpenSSL To compile openssl you will need to run 2 command : make, make install as below : $ make Note: check for any error message for verification purpose. Step -5 : Installing OpenSSL: $ sudo make install Or without sudo, $ make install That’s it. OpenSSL has been successfully installed. You can run the version command to see if it worked or not as below : $ /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl version OpenSSL 1.0.1g 7 Apr 2014

所有这些答案都是非常过时的，来自于软件包仍在开发的时候。你现在可以使用下面列出的"normal"命令:

sudo apt install openssl

编辑:OP的问题措辞很糟糕…毕竟，OpenSSL本身就是一个库，所以我在回答他的问题之前看得太快了。上面的命令安装“普通”OpenSSL。

在他的问题的末尾，他提到了make失败，这表明他正在手动编译包。是的，即使您下载了TAR球，它也将包括所有的openssl和libssl文件，然后您可以从中进行制作。

OP真正需要的是OpenSSL开发库，在这种情况下，你可以先使用上面的命令安装OpenSSL，然后再运行这个:

sudo apt install libssl-dev

更多信息:https://linuxtect.com/how-to-install-openssl-libraries-on-ubuntu-debian-mint/

一般来说，当你在Debian或Ubuntu上丢失了一个开发文件(或任何其他文件)时，使用apt-file来找出哪个包提供了该文件:

~ apt-file search openssl/bio.h
android-libboringssl-dev: /usr/include/android/openssl/bio.h
libssl-dev: /usr/include/openssl/bio.h
libwolfssl-dev: /usr/include/cyassl/openssl/bio.h
libwolfssl-dev: /usr/include/wolfssl/openssl/bio.h

快速浏览命令返回的每个包，使用apt show将告诉您在这些包中寻找哪个包:

~ apt show libssl-dev
Package: libssl-dev
Version: 1.1.1d-2
Priority: optional
Section: libdevel
Source: openssl
Maintainer: Debian OpenSSL Team <pkg-openssl-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org>
Installed-Size: 8,095 kB
Depends: libssl1.1 (= 1.1.1d-2)
Suggests: libssl-doc
Conflicts: libssl1.0-dev
Homepage: https://www.openssl.org/
Tag: devel::lang:c, devel::library, implemented-in::TODO, implemented-in::c,
 protocol::ssl, role::devel-lib, security::cryptography
Download-Size: 1,797 kB
APT-Sources: http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian unstable/main amd64 Packages
Description: Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - development files
 This package is part of the OpenSSL project's implementation of the SSL
 and TLS cryptographic protocols for secure communication over the
 Internet.
 .
 It contains development libraries, header files, and manpages for libssl
 and libcrypto.

N: There is 1 additional record. Please use the '-a' switch to see it

Run:

apt-get install libssl-dev