如前所述，差异主要在于底层变量的大小，在每种情况下，它们都会变大以允许表示更多字符。

然而，字体、编码和其他东西都非常复杂(没有必要?)，所以需要一个大链接来填充更多细节:

http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/chars.html#ascii

不要期望理解所有的东西，但是如果你不想在以后遇到问题，尽可能早地学习(或者让别人帮你整理)是值得的。

保罗。

在阅读完答案后，UTF-32需要一些爱。

C#:

Data1 = RandomNumberGenerator.GetBytes(500_000_000);

sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
int l = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(Data1).Length;
sw.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"UTF-8: Elapsed - {sw.ElapsedMilliseconds * .001:0.000s}   Size - {l:###,###,###}");

sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
l = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(Data1).Length;
sw.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"Unicode: Elapsed - {sw.ElapsedMilliseconds * .001:0.000s}   Size - {l:###,###,###}");

sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
l = Encoding.UTF32.GetString(Data1).Length;
sw.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"UTF-32: Elapsed - {sw.ElapsedMilliseconds * .001:0.000s}   Size - {l:###,###,###}");

sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
l = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(Data1).Length;
sw.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"ASCII: Elapsed - {sw.ElapsedMilliseconds * .001:0.000s}   Size - {l:###,###,###}");

UTF-8—经过9.939秒-大小473,752,800

Unicode—消失0.853秒-大小2.5亿

UTF-32—消失3.143秒-大小125,030,570

ASCII—经过2.362秒-大小500,000,000

Utf-32——丢麦克风

简而言之:

UTF-8: Variable-width encoding, backwards compatible with ASCII. ASCII characters (U+0000 to U+007F) take 1 byte, code points U+0080 to U+07FF take 2 bytes, code points U+0800 to U+FFFF take 3 bytes, code points U+10000 to U+10FFFF take 4 bytes. Good for English text, not so good for Asian text. UTF-16: Variable-width encoding. Code points U+0000 to U+FFFF take 2 bytes, code points U+10000 to U+10FFFF take 4 bytes. Bad for English text, good for Asian text. UTF-32: Fixed-width encoding. All code points take four bytes. An enormous memory hog, but fast to operate on. Rarely used.

长:参见维基百科:UTF-8, UTF-16和UTF-32。

UTF-8为变量1 ~ 4字节。 UTF-16是可变的2或4字节。 UTF-32是固定的4字节。

Unicode是一个标准，关于UTF-x，你可以把它看作是一个技术实现，用于一些实际目的:

UTF-8 - "size optimized": best suited for Latin character based data (or ASCII), it takes only 1 byte per character but the size grows accordingly symbol variety (and in worst case could grow up to 6 bytes per character) UTF-16 - "balance": it takes minimum 2 bytes per character which is enough for existing set of the mainstream languages with having fixed size on it to ease character handling (but size is still variable and can grow up to 4 bytes per character) UTF-32 - "performance": allows using of simple algorithms as result of fixed size characters (4 bytes) but with memory disadvantage

UTF-8在ASCII字符代表文本块中的大部分字符的情况下具有优势，因为UTF-8将这些字符编码为8位(像ASCII一样)。它的另一个优点是只包含ASCII字符的UTF-8文件具有与ASCII文件相同的编码。

在ASCII不占主导地位的情况下，UTF-16更好，因为它主要每个字符使用2个字节。UTF-8将开始对高阶字符使用3个或更多字节，而UTF-16对大多数字符仅使用2个字节。

UTF-32将在4字节内涵盖所有可能的字符。这使得它非常臃肿。我想不出使用它有什么好处。