我有一个Python脚本，它把一个整数列表作为输入，我需要一次处理四个整数。不幸的是，我无法控制输入，否则我将它作为一个四元素元组列表传入。目前，我以这种方式迭代它:
for i in range(0, len(ints), 4):
# dummy op for example code
foo += ints[i] * ints[i + 1] + ints[i + 2] * ints[i + 3]
不过，它看起来很像“C-think”，这让我怀疑有一种更python的方式来处理这种情况。该列表在迭代后被丢弃，因此不需要保留。也许这样会更好?
while ints:
foo += ints[0] * ints[1] + ints[2] * ints[3]
ints[0:4] = []
不过，感觉还是不太对。: - /
相关问题:在Python中如何将列表分割成大小均匀的块?
当前回答
def chunker(iterable, n):
"""Yield iterable in chunk sizes.
>>> chunks = chunker('ABCDEF', n=4)
>>> chunks.next()
['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']
>>> chunks.next()
['E', 'F']
"""
it = iter(iterable)
while True:
chunk = []
for i in range(n):
try:
chunk.append(next(it))
except StopIteration:
yield chunk
raise StopIteration
yield chunk
if __name__ == '__main__':
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
其他回答
这里非常python化(也可以内联split_groups函数体)
import itertools
def split_groups(iter_in, group_size):
return ((x for _, x in item) for _, item in itertools.groupby(enumerate(iter_in), key=lambda x: x[0] // group_size))
for x, y, z, w in split_groups(range(16), 4):
foo += x * y + z * w
这个答案拆分了一个字符串列表，f.ex。达到符合pep8线长的要求:
def split(what, target_length=79):
'''splits list of strings into sublists, each
having string length at most 79'''
out = [[]]
while what:
if len("', '".join(out[-1])) + len(what[0]) < target_length:
out[-1].append(what.pop(0))
else:
if not out[-1]: # string longer than target_length
out[-1] = [what.pop(0)]
out.append([])
return out
使用
>>> split(['deferred_income', 'long_term_incentive', 'restricted_stock_deferred', 'shared_receipt_with_poi', 'loan_advances', 'from_messages', 'other', 'director_fees', 'bonus', 'total_stock_value', 'from_poi_to_this_person', 'from_this_person_to_poi', 'restricted_stock', 'salary', 'total_payments', 'exercised_stock_options'], 75)
[['deferred_income', 'long_term_incentive', 'restricted_stock_deferred'], ['shared_receipt_with_poi', 'loan_advances', 'from_messages', 'other'], ['director_fees', 'bonus', 'total_stock_value', 'from_poi_to_this_person'], ['from_this_person_to_poi', 'restricted_stock', 'salary', 'total_payments'], ['exercised_stock_options']]
似乎没有一个漂亮的方法来做到这一点。下面是一个有很多方法的页面，包括:
def split_seq(seq, size):
newseq = []
splitsize = 1.0/size*len(seq)
for i in range(size):
newseq.append(seq[int(round(i*splitsize)):int(round((i+1)*splitsize))])
return newseq
def chunker(seq, size):
return (seq[pos:pos + size] for pos in range(0, len(seq), size))
适用于任何序列:
text = "I am a very, very helpful text"
for group in chunker(text, 7):
print(repr(group),)
# 'I am a ' 'very, v' 'ery hel' 'pful te' 'xt'
print('|'.join(chunker(text, 10)))
# I am a ver|y, very he|lpful text
animals = ['cat', 'dog', 'rabbit', 'duck', 'bird', 'cow', 'gnu', 'fish']
for group in chunker(animals, 3):
print(group)
# ['cat', 'dog', 'rabbit']
# ['duck', 'bird', 'cow']
# ['gnu', 'fish']
下面是一个支持生成器的无导入chunker:
def chunks(seq, size):
it = iter(seq)
while True:
ret = tuple(next(it) for _ in range(size))
if len(ret) == size:
yield ret
else:
raise StopIteration()
使用示例:
>>> def foo():
... i = 0
... while True:
... i += 1
... yield i
...
>>> c = chunks(foo(), 3)
>>> c.next()
(1, 2, 3)
>>> c.next()
(4, 5, 6)
>>> list(chunks('abcdefg', 2))
[('a', 'b'), ('c', 'd'), ('e', 'f')]
