我有一个Python脚本，它把一个整数列表作为输入，我需要一次处理四个整数。不幸的是，我无法控制输入，否则我将它作为一个四元素元组列表传入。目前，我以这种方式迭代它:
for i in range(0, len(ints), 4):
# dummy op for example code
foo += ints[i] * ints[i + 1] + ints[i + 2] * ints[i + 3]
不过，它看起来很像“C-think”，这让我怀疑有一种更python的方式来处理这种情况。该列表在迭代后被丢弃，因此不需要保留。也许这样会更好?
while ints:
foo += ints[0] * ints[1] + ints[2] * ints[3]
ints[0:4] = []
不过，感觉还是不太对。: - /
相关问题:在Python中如何将列表分割成大小均匀的块?
当前回答
这个答案拆分了一个字符串列表，f.ex。达到符合pep8线长的要求:
def split(what, target_length=79):
'''splits list of strings into sublists, each
having string length at most 79'''
out = [[]]
while what:
if len("', '".join(out[-1])) + len(what[0]) < target_length:
out[-1].append(what.pop(0))
else:
if not out[-1]: # string longer than target_length
out[-1] = [what.pop(0)]
out.append([])
return out
使用
>>> split(['deferred_income', 'long_term_incentive', 'restricted_stock_deferred', 'shared_receipt_with_poi', 'loan_advances', 'from_messages', 'other', 'director_fees', 'bonus', 'total_stock_value', 'from_poi_to_this_person', 'from_this_person_to_poi', 'restricted_stock', 'salary', 'total_payments', 'exercised_stock_options'], 75)
[['deferred_income', 'long_term_incentive', 'restricted_stock_deferred'], ['shared_receipt_with_poi', 'loan_advances', 'from_messages', 'other'], ['director_fees', 'bonus', 'total_stock_value', 'from_poi_to_this_person'], ['from_this_person_to_poi', 'restricted_stock', 'salary', 'total_payments'], ['exercised_stock_options']]
其他回答
使用map()而不是zip()修复填充问题在J.F.塞巴斯蒂安的回答:
>>> def chunker(iterable, chunksize):
... return map(None,*[iter(iterable)]*chunksize)
例子:
>>> s = '1234567890'
>>> chunker(s, 3)
[('1', '2', '3'), ('4', '5', '6'), ('7', '8', '9'), ('0', None, None)]
>>> chunker(s, 4)
[('1', '2', '3', '4'), ('5', '6', '7', '8'), ('9', '0', None, None)]
>>> chunker(s, 5)
[('1', '2', '3', '4', '5'), ('6', '7', '8', '9', '0')]
这里非常python化(也可以内联split_groups函数体)
import itertools
def split_groups(iter_in, group_size):
return ((x for _, x in item) for _, item in itertools.groupby(enumerate(iter_in), key=lambda x: x[0] // group_size))
for x, y, z, w in split_groups(range(16), 4):
foo += x * y + z * w
使用小的函数和东西真的不吸引我;我更喜欢使用切片:
data = [...]
chunk_size = 10000 # or whatever
chunks = [data[i:i+chunk_size] for i in xrange(0,len(data),chunk_size)]
for chunk in chunks:
...
def group_by(iterable, size):
"""Group an iterable into lists that don't exceed the size given.
>>> group_by([1,2,3,4,5], 2)
[[1, 2], [3, 4], [5]]
"""
sublist = []
for index, item in enumerate(iterable):
if index > 0 and index % size == 0:
yield sublist
sublist = []
sublist.append(item)
if sublist:
yield sublist
你可以使用函数库中的partition或chunks函数:
from funcy import partition
for a, b, c, d in partition(4, ints):
foo += a * b * c * d
这些函数还有迭代器版本ipartition和ichunks，在这种情况下更有效。
您还可以查看它们的实现。
