准备要发送的字节数组:

ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ObjectOutputStream out = null;
try {
  out = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);   
  out.writeObject(yourObject);
  out.flush();
  byte[] yourBytes = bos.toByteArray();
  ...
} finally {
  try {
    bos.close();
  } catch (IOException ex) {
    // ignore close exception
  }
}

从字节数组创建一个对象:

ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(yourBytes);
ObjectInput in = null;
try {
  in = new ObjectInputStream(bis);
  Object o = in.readObject(); 
  ...
} finally {
  try {
    if (in != null) {
      in.close();
    }
  } catch (IOException ex) {
    // ignore close exception
  }
}

这只是一个被接受的答案的优化代码形式，以防有人想在生产中使用它:

    public static void byteArrayOps() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException{

    String str="123";
     byte[] yourBytes = null;

    // Convert to byte[]

    try(ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            ObjectOutputStream out =  new ObjectOutputStream(bos);) {


      out.writeObject(str);
      out.flush();
      yourBytes = bos.toByteArray();

    } finally {

    }

    // convert back to Object

    try(ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(yourBytes);
            ObjectInput in = new ObjectInputStream(bis);) {

      Object o = in.readObject(); 

    } finally {

    }




}

可以通过SerializationUtils完成，通过ApacheUtils的serialize & deserialize方法将对象转换为字节[]，反之亦然，如@uris answer中所述。

通过序列化将一个对象转换为字节[]:

byte[] data = SerializationUtils.serialize(object);

通过反序列化将byte[]转换为object::

Object object = (Object) SerializationUtils.deserialize(byte[] data)

点击下载org-apache-commons-lang.jar的链接

通过点击整合.jar文件:

FileName ->打开Medule Settings ->选择你的模块-> Dependencies ->添加Jar文件，完成。

希望这能有所帮助。

如果你使用Java >= 7，你可以使用try和资源改进接受的解决方案:

private byte[] convertToBytes(Object object) throws IOException {
    try (ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(bos)) {
        out.writeObject(object);
        return bos.toByteArray();
    } 
}

反过来说:

private Object convertFromBytes(byte[] bytes) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
    try (ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
         ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(bis)) {
        return in.readObject();
    } 
}

我想通过套接字将它作为字节[]传输到另一台机器

// When you connect
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
// When you want to send it
oos.writeObject(appMessage);

从接收到的字节重新构建。

// When you connect
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
// When you want to receive it
AppMessage appMessage = (AppMessage)ois.readObject();

如果你使用spring，在spring-core中有一个util类可用。你可以简单地

import org.springframework.util.SerializationUtils;

byte[] bytes = SerializationUtils.serialize(anyObject);
Object object = SerializationUtils.deserialize(bytes);