我有“我爱Suzi和Marry”,我想把“Suzi”改成“Sara”。

firstString="I love Suzi and Marry"
secondString="Sara"

预期的结果:

firstString="I love Sara and Marry"

当前回答

我发现的唯一方法是将字符串存储在一个文件中,使用sed,然后将文件内容存储在一个var中:

echo "I love Suzy" > tmp.txt
sed -i "s/Suzy/Sarah/" tmp.txt
set res=`cat tmp.txt`
echo $res
rm tmp.txt

我不知道我正在使用哪种shell(如果我键入'sh',我唯一发现的是sh-4.2),但所有经典语法都失败了,比如简单的test=${test2}。 它失败了2次:在赋值处(必须使用set)和${}处。

其他回答

如果明天你决定不再爱她,她也可以被取代:

today=$(</tmp/lovers.txt)
tomorrow="${today//Suzi/Sara}"
echo "${tomorrow//Marry/Jesica}" > /tmp/lovers.txt

离开爱人,一定有50种方法。

模式,将第一次出现替换为特殊的包机:

${参数/模式/字符串}

将所有发生的情况替换为特殊特许状的模式:

${参数/ /模式/字符串}

firstString="I love //Suzi// and Marry"
secondString="Sara"
firstString="${firstString/\/\/Suzi\/\//"$secondString"}"
echo $firstString

上面印着:我爱莎拉和玛丽

试试这个:

ls *.ext | awk '{print "mv "$1" "$1".newext"}' | sed "s/.ext.newext/.newext/" | parallel {}

这完全可以用bash字符串操作完成:

first="I love Suzy and Mary"
second="Sara"
first=${first/Suzy/$second}

这只会取代第一个事件;要将它们全部替换,请将第一个斜杠加倍:

first="Suzy, Suzy, Suzy"
second="Sara"
first=${first//Suzy/$second}
# first is now "Sara, Sara, Sara"

纯POSIX shell方法,与Roman Kazanovskyi基于sed的答案不同,它不需要外部工具,只需要shell自己的本地参数展开。注意,长文件名被最小化,所以代码更适合一行:

f="I love Suzi and Marry"
s=Sara
t=Suzi
[ "${f%$t*}" != "$f" ] && f="${f%$t*}$s${f#*$t}"
echo "$f"

输出:

I love Sara and Marry

工作原理:

Remove Smallest Suffix Pattern. "${f%$t*}" returns "I love" if the suffix $t "Suzi*" is in $f "I love Suzi and Marry". But if t=Zelda, then "${f%$t*}" deletes nothing, and returns the whole string "I love Suzi and Marry". This is used to test if $t is in $f with [ "${f%$t*}" != "$f" ] which will evaluate to true if the $f string contains "Suzi*" and false if not. If the test returns true, construct the desired string using Remove Smallest Suffix Pattern ${f%$t*} "I love" and Remove Smallest Prefix Pattern ${f#*$t} "and Marry", with the 2nd string $s "Sara" in between.