我需要在JavaScript开关语句的多个情况下,类似于:
switch (varName)
{
case "afshin", "saeed", "larry":
alert('Hey');
break;
default:
alert('Default case');
break;
}
我该怎么做呢?如果在JavaScript中没有办法做这样的事情,我想知道一个也遵循DRY概念的替代解决方案。
我需要在JavaScript开关语句的多个情况下,类似于:
switch (varName)
{
case "afshin", "saeed", "larry":
alert('Hey');
break;
default:
alert('Default case');
break;
}
我该怎么做呢?如果在JavaScript中没有办法做这样的事情,我想知道一个也遵循DRY概念的替代解决方案。
当前回答
如果您的case条件很复杂,需要很多case值匹配,或者需要动态值匹配,那么最好将case匹配逻辑移动到处理程序子函数中。
在您的情况下,如果您有成千上万的用户名来匹配安全权限检查,这种方法是更清晰的选项,更可扩展,可以暴露高级多路分支逻辑,而不会陷入一长串case语句中。
switch (varName)
{
case checkPatternAdministrator(varName):
alert('Hey');
break;
case checkPatternUserTypeA(varName):
alert('Hey2');
break;
case checkPatternUserTypeB(varName):
alert('Hey3');
break;
default:
alert('Default case');
break;
}
function checkPatternAdministrator(varName) {
// Logic to check Names against list, account permissions etc.
// return the varName if a match is found, or blank string if not
var matchedAdministratorName = varName;
return matchedAdministratorName;
}
其他回答
你可以这样写:
switch (varName)
{
case "afshin":
case "saeed":
case "larry":
alert('Hey');
break;
default:
alert('Default case');
break;
}
使用switch语句的直通特性。匹配的case会一直运行,直到找到break(或者switch语句的结尾),所以你可以这样写:
switch (varName)
{
case "afshin":
case "saeed":
case "larry":
alert('Hey');
break;
default:
alert('Default case');
}
添加并澄清Stefano的答案,您可以使用表达式动态地设置switch中的条件值,例如:
var i = 3
switch (i) {
case ((i>=0 && i<=5) ? i : -1):
console.log('0-5');
break;
case 6: console.log('6');
}
在你的问题中,你可以这样做:
var varName = "afshin"
switch (varName) {
case (["afshin", "saeed", "larry"].indexOf(varName)+1 && varName):
console.log("hey");
break;
default:
console.log('Default case');
}
虽然很干…
你可以使用'in'操作符… 它依赖于对象/散列调用,所以它的速度和JavaScript一样快。
// Assuming you have defined functions f(), g(a) and h(a,b)
// somewhere in your code,
// you can define them inside the object, but...
// the code becomes hard to read. I prefer it this way.
o = { f1:f, f2:g, f3:h };
// If you use "STATIC" code can do:
o['f3']( p1, p2 )
// If your code is someway "DYNAMIC", to prevent false invocations
// m brings the function/method to be invoked (f1, f2, f3)
// and you can rely on arguments[] to solve any parameter problems.
if ( m in o ) o[m]()
上述方法的问题在于,每次调用具有开关的函数时,都必须重复上述几种情况。更可靠的解决方案是使用地图或字典。
这里有一个例子:
// The Map, divided by concepts var dictionary = { timePeriod: { 'month': [1, 'monthly', 'mensal', 'mês'], 'twoMonths': [2, 'two months', '2 months', 'bimestral', 'bimestre'], 'trimester': [3, 'trimesterly', 'quarterly', 'trimestral'], 'semester': [4, 'semesterly', 'semestral', 'halfyearly'], 'year': [5, 'yearly', 'annual', 'ano'] }, distance: { 'km': [1, 'kms', 'kilometre', 'kilometers', 'kilometres'], 'mile': [2, 'mi', 'miles'], 'nordicMile': [3, 'Nordic mile', 'mil (10 km)', 'Scandinavian mile'] }, fuelAmount: { 'ltr': [1, 'l', 'litre', 'Litre', 'liter', 'Liter'], 'gal (imp)': [2, 'imp gallon', 'imperial gal', 'gal (UK)'], 'gal (US)': [3, 'US gallon', 'US gal'], 'kWh': [4, 'KWH'] } }; // This function maps every input to a certain defined value function mapUnit (concept, value) { for (var key in dictionary[concept]) { if (key === value || dictionary[concept][key].indexOf(value) !== -1) { return key } } throw Error('Uknown "'+value+'" for "'+concept+'"') } // You would use it simply like this mapUnit("fuelAmount", "ltr") // => ltr mapUnit("fuelAmount", "US gal") // => gal (US) mapUnit("fuelAmount", 3) // => gal (US) mapUnit("distance", "kilometre") // => km // Now you can use the switch statement safely without the need // to repeat the combinations every time you call the switch var foo = 'monthly' switch (mapUnit ('timePeriod', foo)) { case 'month': console.log('month') break case 'twoMonths': console.log('twoMonths') break case 'trimester': console.log('trimester') break case 'semester': console.log('semester') break case 'year': console.log('year') break default: throw Error('error') }