将Throwable.getStackTrace（）的结果转换为描述堆栈跟踪的字符串最简单的方法是什么？
当前回答
我不久前写了一些方法，所以我想为什么不花我的两分钱。
/** @param stackTraceElements The elements to convert
* @return The resulting string */
public static final String stackTraceElementsToStr(StackTraceElement[] stackTraceElements) {
return stackTraceElementsToStr(stackTraceElements, "\n");
}
/** @param stackTraceElements The elements to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @return The resulting string */
public static final String stackTraceElementsToStr(StackTraceElement[] stackTraceElements, String lineSeparator) {
return stackTraceElementsToStr(stackTraceElements, lineSeparator, "");
}
/** @param stackTraceElements The elements to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @param padding The string to be used at the start of each line
* @return The resulting string */
public static final String stackTraceElementsToStr(StackTraceElement[] stackTraceElements, String lineSeparator, String padding) {
String str = "";
if(stackTraceElements != null) {
for(StackTraceElement stackTrace : stackTraceElements) {
str += padding + (!stackTrace.toString().startsWith("Caused By") ? "\tat " : "") + stackTrace.toString() + lineSeparator;
}
}
return str;
}
/** @param stackTraceElements The elements to convert
* @return The resulting string */
public static final String stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr(StackTraceElement[] stackTraceElements) {
return stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr(stackTraceElements, "\n");
}
/** @param stackTraceElements The elements to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @return The resulting string */
public static final String stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr(StackTraceElement[] stackTraceElements, String lineSeparator) {
return stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr(stackTraceElements, lineSeparator, "");
}
/** @param stackTraceElements The elements to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @param padding The string to be used at the start of each line
* @return The resulting string */
public static final String stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr(StackTraceElement[] stackTraceElements, String lineSeparator, String padding) {
String str = "";
if(stackTraceElements != null) {
for(StackTraceElement stackTrace : stackTraceElements) {
str += (!stackTrace.toString().startsWith("Caused By") ? "" : padding + stackTrace.toString() + lineSeparator);
}
}
return str;
}
/** @param e The {@link Throwable} to convert
* @return The resulting String */
public static final String throwableToStrNoStackTraces(Throwable e) {
return throwableToStrNoStackTraces(e, "\n");
}
/** @param e The {@link Throwable} to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @return The resulting String */
public static final String throwableToStrNoStackTraces(Throwable e, String lineSeparator) {
return throwableToStrNoStackTraces(e, lineSeparator, "");
}
/** @param e The {@link Throwable} to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @param padding The string to be used at the start of each line
* @return The resulting String */
public static final String throwableToStrNoStackTraces(Throwable e, String lineSeparator, String padding) {
if(e == null) {
return "null";
}
String str = e.getClass().getName() + ": ";
if((e.getMessage() != null) && !e.getMessage().isEmpty()) {
str += e.getMessage() + lineSeparator;
} else {
str += lineSeparator;
}
str += padding + stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr(e.getStackTrace(), lineSeparator, padding);
for(Throwable suppressed : e.getSuppressed()) {
str += padding + throwableToStrNoStackTraces(suppressed, lineSeparator, padding + "\t");
}
Throwable cause = e.getCause();
while(cause != null) {
str += padding + "Caused by:" + lineSeparator + throwableToStrNoStackTraces(e.getCause(), lineSeparator, padding);
cause = cause.getCause();
}
return str;
}
/** @param e The {@link Throwable} to convert
* @return The resulting String */
public static final String throwableToStr(Throwable e) {
return throwableToStr(e, "\n");
}
/** @param e The {@link Throwable} to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @return The resulting String */
public static final String throwableToStr(Throwable e, String lineSeparator) {
return throwableToStr(e, lineSeparator, "");
}
/** @param e The {@link Throwable} to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @param padding The string to be used at the start of each line
* @return The resulting String */
public static final String throwableToStr(Throwable e, String lineSeparator, String padding) {
if(e == null) {
return "null";
}
String str = padding + e.getClass().getName() + ": ";
if((e.getMessage() != null) && !e.getMessage().isEmpty()) {
str += e.getMessage() + lineSeparator;
} else {
str += lineSeparator;
}
str += padding + stackTraceElementsToStr(e.getStackTrace(), lineSeparator, padding);
for(Throwable suppressed : e.getSuppressed()) {
str += padding + "Suppressed: " + throwableToStr(suppressed, lineSeparator, padding + "\t");
}
Throwable cause = e.getCause();
while(cause != null) {
str += padding + "Caused by:" + lineSeparator + throwableToStr(e.getCause(), lineSeparator, padding);
cause = cause.getCause();
}
return str;
}
例子：
try(InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file)) {
...
} catch(IOException e) {
String exceptionToString = throwableToStr(e);
someLoggingUtility.println(exceptionToString);
...
}
打印：
java.io.FileNotFoundException: C:\test.txt (The system cannot find the file specified)
at java.io.FileInputStream.open0(Native Method)
at java.io.FileInputStream.open(Unknown Source)
at java.io.FileInputStream.<init>(Unknown Source)
at com.gmail.br45entei.Example.main(Example.java:32)
其他回答
这应该是有效的：
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
e.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(sw));
String exceptionAsString = sw.toString();
第一组评论中巧妙的狙击非常有趣，但这真的取决于你想做什么。如果您还没有正确的库，那么3行代码（如D.Wroblewski的答案）是完美的。OTOH，如果您已经拥有apache.commons库（大多数大型项目都有），那么Amar的答案会更短。好的，您可能需要十分钟才能获得库并正确安装它（如果您知道正在做什么，则不到一分钟）。但时间在滴答作响，所以你可能没有时间来腾出时间。Jarek Przygódzki有一个有趣的警告——“如果您不需要嵌套异常”。
但如果我确实需要完整的堆栈跟踪，嵌套的和所有的呢？在这种情况下，秘诀是使用apache.common的getFullStackTrace（请参见http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-lang/javadocs/api-2.6/org/apache/commons/lang/exception/ExceptionUtils.html#getFullStackTrace%28java.lang.Throwable%29)
这救了我的命。谢谢阿玛的提示！
我不久前写了一些方法，所以我想为什么不花我的两分钱。
/** @param stackTraceElements The elements to convert
* @return The resulting string */
public static final String stackTraceElementsToStr(StackTraceElement[] stackTraceElements) {
return stackTraceElementsToStr(stackTraceElements, "\n");
}
/** @param stackTraceElements The elements to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @return The resulting string */
public static final String stackTraceElementsToStr(StackTraceElement[] stackTraceElements, String lineSeparator) {
return stackTraceElementsToStr(stackTraceElements, lineSeparator, "");
}
/** @param stackTraceElements The elements to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @param padding The string to be used at the start of each line
* @return The resulting string */
public static final String stackTraceElementsToStr(StackTraceElement[] stackTraceElements, String lineSeparator, String padding) {
String str = "";
if(stackTraceElements != null) {
for(StackTraceElement stackTrace : stackTraceElements) {
str += padding + (!stackTrace.toString().startsWith("Caused By") ? "\tat " : "") + stackTrace.toString() + lineSeparator;
}
}
return str;
}
/** @param stackTraceElements The elements to convert
* @return The resulting string */
public static final String stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr(StackTraceElement[] stackTraceElements) {
return stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr(stackTraceElements, "\n");
}
/** @param stackTraceElements The elements to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @return The resulting string */
public static final String stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr(StackTraceElement[] stackTraceElements, String lineSeparator) {
return stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr(stackTraceElements, lineSeparator, "");
}
/** @param stackTraceElements The elements to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @param padding The string to be used at the start of each line
* @return The resulting string */
public static final String stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr(StackTraceElement[] stackTraceElements, String lineSeparator, String padding) {
String str = "";
if(stackTraceElements != null) {
for(StackTraceElement stackTrace : stackTraceElements) {
str += (!stackTrace.toString().startsWith("Caused By") ? "" : padding + stackTrace.toString() + lineSeparator);
}
}
return str;
}
/** @param e The {@link Throwable} to convert
* @return The resulting String */
public static final String throwableToStrNoStackTraces(Throwable e) {
return throwableToStrNoStackTraces(e, "\n");
}
/** @param e The {@link Throwable} to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @return The resulting String */
public static final String throwableToStrNoStackTraces(Throwable e, String lineSeparator) {
return throwableToStrNoStackTraces(e, lineSeparator, "");
}
/** @param e The {@link Throwable} to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @param padding The string to be used at the start of each line
* @return The resulting String */
public static final String throwableToStrNoStackTraces(Throwable e, String lineSeparator, String padding) {
if(e == null) {
return "null";
}
String str = e.getClass().getName() + ": ";
if((e.getMessage() != null) && !e.getMessage().isEmpty()) {
str += e.getMessage() + lineSeparator;
} else {
str += lineSeparator;
}
str += padding + stackTraceCausedByElementsOnlyToStr(e.getStackTrace(), lineSeparator, padding);
for(Throwable suppressed : e.getSuppressed()) {
str += padding + throwableToStrNoStackTraces(suppressed, lineSeparator, padding + "\t");
}
Throwable cause = e.getCause();
while(cause != null) {
str += padding + "Caused by:" + lineSeparator + throwableToStrNoStackTraces(e.getCause(), lineSeparator, padding);
cause = cause.getCause();
}
return str;
}
/** @param e The {@link Throwable} to convert
* @return The resulting String */
public static final String throwableToStr(Throwable e) {
return throwableToStr(e, "\n");
}
/** @param e The {@link Throwable} to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @return The resulting String */
public static final String throwableToStr(Throwable e, String lineSeparator) {
return throwableToStr(e, lineSeparator, "");
}
/** @param e The {@link Throwable} to convert
* @param lineSeparator The line separator to use
* @param padding The string to be used at the start of each line
* @return The resulting String */
public static final String throwableToStr(Throwable e, String lineSeparator, String padding) {
if(e == null) {
return "null";
}
String str = padding + e.getClass().getName() + ": ";
if((e.getMessage() != null) && !e.getMessage().isEmpty()) {
str += e.getMessage() + lineSeparator;
} else {
str += lineSeparator;
}
str += padding + stackTraceElementsToStr(e.getStackTrace(), lineSeparator, padding);
for(Throwable suppressed : e.getSuppressed()) {
str += padding + "Suppressed: " + throwableToStr(suppressed, lineSeparator, padding + "\t");
}
Throwable cause = e.getCause();
while(cause != null) {
str += padding + "Caused by:" + lineSeparator + throwableToStr(e.getCause(), lineSeparator, padding);
cause = cause.getCause();
}
return str;
}
例子：
try(InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file)) {
...
} catch(IOException e) {
String exceptionToString = throwableToStr(e);
someLoggingUtility.println(exceptionToString);
...
}
打印：
java.io.FileNotFoundException: C:\test.txt (The system cannot find the file specified)
at java.io.FileInputStream.open0(Native Method)
at java.io.FileInputStream.open(Unknown Source)
at java.io.FileInputStream.<init>(Unknown Source)
at com.gmail.br45entei.Example.main(Example.java:32)
可以使用以下方法将异常堆栈跟踪转换为字符串。该类在Apache commons-lang中可用，这是许多流行开源中最常见的依赖库
org.apache.commons.lang.exception.ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace（可丢弃）
Arrays.toString(thrown.getStackTrace())
是将结果转换为字符串的最简单方法我在程序中使用这个来打印堆栈跟踪
LOGGER.log(Level.SEVERE, "Query Builder Issue Stack Trace : {0} ,Message : {1} objid {2}", new Object[]{Arrays.toString(e.getStackTrace()), e.getMessage(),objId});
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