对Gala的回答进行了详细分析，其中还将包括例外情况的原因：

private String extrapolateStackTrace(Exception ex) {
    Throwable e = ex;
    String trace = e.toString() + "\n";
    for (StackTraceElement e1 : e.getStackTrace()) {
        trace += "\t at " + e1.toString() + "\n";
    }
    while (e.getCause() != null) {
        e = e.getCause();
        trace += "Cause by: " + e.toString() + "\n";
        for (StackTraceElement e1 : e.getStackTrace()) {
            trace += "\t at " + e1.toString() + "\n";
        }
    }
    return trace;
}

使用Throwable.printStackTrace（PrintWriter pw）将堆栈跟踪发送到适当的编写器。

import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

// ...

StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw);
e.printStackTrace(pw);
String sStackTrace = sw.toString(); // stack trace as a string
System.out.println(sStackTrace);

警告：不包括原因（通常是有用的位！）

public String stackTraceToString(Throwable e) {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (StackTraceElement element : e.getStackTrace()) {
        sb.append(element.toString());
        sb.append("\n");
    }
    return sb.toString();
}

对Gala的回答进行了详细分析，其中还将包括例外情况的原因：

private String extrapolateStackTrace(Exception ex) {
    Throwable e = ex;
    String trace = e.toString() + "\n";
    for (StackTraceElement e1 : e.getStackTrace()) {
        trace += "\t at " + e1.toString() + "\n";
    }
    while (e.getCause() != null) {
        e = e.getCause();
        trace += "Cause by: " + e.toString() + "\n";
        for (StackTraceElement e1 : e.getStackTrace()) {
            trace += "\t at " + e1.toString() + "\n";
        }
    }
    return trace;
}

Scala版本

def stackTraceToString(e: Exception): String = {
  import java.io.PrintWriter
  val sw = new StringWriter()
  e.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(sw))
  sw.toString
}

警告：这可能有点离题，但哦，好吧…；）

我不知道最初的海报是什么原因让堆栈跟踪成为字符串。当堆栈跟踪应该以SLF4J/Logback LOG结尾，但没有或应该抛出异常时，我会这样做：

public void remove(List<String> ids) {
    if(ids == null || ids.isEmpty()) {
        LOG.warn(
            "An empty list (or null) was passed to {}.remove(List). " +
            "Clearly, this call is unneccessary, the caller should " + 
            "avoid making it. A stacktrace follows.", 
            getClass().getName(),
            new Throwable ("Stacktrace")
        );

        return;
    }

    // actual work, remove stuff
}

我喜欢它，因为它不需要外部库（当然，除了您的日志后端，它大部分时间都会在那里）。