我有一个大对象要转换成JSON并发送。然而，它具有圆形结构。我想丢弃任何存在的循环引用，并发送任何可以字符串化的引用。我该怎么做？
谢谢
var obj = {
a: "foo",
b: obj
}
我想将对象字符串化为：
{"a":"foo"}
当前回答
@RobW的答案是正确的，但这更有表现力！因为它使用了hashmap/set：
const customStringify = function (v) {
const cache = new Set();
return JSON.stringify(v, function (key, value) {
if (typeof value === 'object' && value !== null) {
if (cache.has(value)) {
// Circular reference found
try {
// If this value does not reference a parent it can be deduped
return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(value));
}
catch (err) {
// discard key if value cannot be deduped
return;
}
}
// Store value in our set
cache.add(value);
}
return value;
});
};
其他回答
根据其他答案，我最终得到以下代码。它可以很好地处理循环引用、带有自定义构造函数的对象。
从要序列化的给定对象，
缓存遍历对象时遇到的所有对象，并为每个对象分配一个唯一的hashID（自动递增的数字也有效）找到循环引用后，将新对象中的字段标记为循环，并将原始对象的hashID存储为属性。
Github链接-DecycledJSON
DJSHelper = {};
DJSHelper.Cache = [];
DJSHelper.currentHashID = 0;
DJSHelper.ReviveCache = [];
// DOES NOT SERIALIZE FUNCTION
function DJSNode(name, object, isRoot){
this.name = name;
// [ATTRIBUTES] contains the primitive fields of the Node
this.attributes = {};
// [CHILDREN] contains the Object/Typed fields of the Node
// All [CHILDREN] must be of type [DJSNode]
this.children = []; //Array of DJSNodes only
// If [IS-ROOT] is true reset the Cache and currentHashId
// before encoding
isRoot = typeof isRoot === 'undefined'? true:isRoot;
this.isRoot = isRoot;
if(isRoot){
DJSHelper.Cache = [];
DJSHelper.currentHashID = 0;
// CACHE THE ROOT
object.hashID = DJSHelper.currentHashID++;
DJSHelper.Cache.push(object);
}
for(var a in object){
if(object.hasOwnProperty(a)){
var val = object[a];
if (typeof val === 'object') {
// IF OBJECT OR NULL REF.
/***************************************************************************/
// DO NOT REMOVE THE [FALSE] AS THAT WOULD RESET THE [DJSHELPER.CACHE]
// AND THE RESULT WOULD BE STACK OVERFLOW
/***************************************************************************/
if(val !== null) {
if (DJSHelper.Cache.indexOf(val) === -1) {
// VAL NOT IN CACHE
// ADD THE VAL TO CACHE FIRST -> BEFORE DOING RECURSION
val.hashID = DJSHelper.currentHashID++;
//console.log("Assigned", val.hashID, "to", a);
DJSHelper.Cache.push(val);
if (!(val instanceof Array)) {
// VAL NOT AN [ARRAY]
try {
this.children.push(new DJSNode(a, val, false));
} catch (err) {
console.log(err.message, a);
throw err;
}
} else {
// VAL IS AN [ARRAY]
var node = new DJSNode(a, {
array: true,
hashID: val.hashID // HashID of array
}, false);
val.forEach(function (elem, index) {
node.children.push(new DJSNode("elem", {val: elem}, false));
});
this.children.push(node);
}
} else {
// VAL IN CACHE
// ADD A CYCLIC NODE WITH HASH-ID
this.children.push(new DJSNode(a, {
cyclic: true,
hashID: val.hashID
}, false));
}
}else{
// PUT NULL AS AN ATTRIBUTE
this.attributes[a] = 'null';
}
} else if (typeof val !== 'function') {
// MUST BE A PRIMITIVE
// ADD IT AS AN ATTRIBUTE
this.attributes[a] = val;
}
}
}
if(isRoot){
DJSHelper.Cache = null;
}
this.constructorName = object.constructor.name;
}
DJSNode.Revive = function (xmlNode, isRoot) {
// Default value of [isRoot] is True
isRoot = typeof isRoot === 'undefined'?true: isRoot;
var root;
if(isRoot){
DJSHelper.ReviveCache = []; //Garbage Collect
}
if(window[xmlNode.constructorName].toString().indexOf('[native code]') > -1 ) {
// yep, native in the browser
if(xmlNode.constructorName == 'Object'){
root = {};
}else{
return null;
}
}else {
eval('root = new ' + xmlNode.constructorName + "()");
}
//CACHE ROOT INTO REVIVE-CACHE
DJSHelper.ReviveCache[xmlNode.attributes.hashID] = root;
for(var k in xmlNode.attributes){
// PRIMITIVE OR NULL REF FIELDS
if(xmlNode.attributes.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
var a = xmlNode.attributes[k];
if(a == 'null'){
root[k] = null;
}else {
root[k] = a;
}
}
}
xmlNode.children.forEach(function (value) {
// Each children is an [DJSNode]
// [Array]s are stored as [DJSNode] with an positive Array attribute
// So is value
if(value.attributes.array){
// ITS AN [ARRAY]
root[value.name] = [];
value.children.forEach(function (elem) {
root[value.name].push(elem.attributes.val);
});
//console.log("Caching", value.attributes.hashID);
DJSHelper.ReviveCache[value.attributes.hashID] = root[value.name];
}else if(!value.attributes.cyclic){
// ITS AN [OBJECT]
root[value.name] = DJSNode.Revive(value, false);
//console.log("Caching", value.attributes.hashID);
DJSHelper.ReviveCache[value.attributes.hashID] = root[value.name];
}
});
// [SEPARATE ITERATION] TO MAKE SURE ALL POSSIBLE
// [CYCLIC] REFERENCES ARE CACHED PROPERLY
xmlNode.children.forEach(function (value) {
// Each children is an [DJSNode]
// [Array]s are stored as [DJSNode] with an positive Array attribute
// So is value
if(value.attributes.cyclic){
// ITS AND [CYCLIC] REFERENCE
root[value.name] = DJSHelper.ReviveCache[value.attributes.hashID];
}
});
if(isRoot){
DJSHelper.ReviveCache = null; //Garbage Collect
}
return root;
};
DecycledJSON = {};
DecycledJSON.stringify = function (obj) {
return JSON.stringify(new DJSNode("root", obj));
};
DecycledJSON.parse = function (json, replacerObject) {
// use the replacerObject to get the null values
return DJSNode.Revive(JSON.parse(json));
};
DJS = DecycledJSON;
示例用法1：
var obj = {
id:201,
box: {
owner: null,
key: 'storm'
},
lines:[
'item1',
23
]
};
console.log(obj); // ORIGINAL
// SERIALIZE AND THEN PARSE
var jsonObj = DJS.stringify(obj);
console.log(DJS.parse(jsonObj));
示例用法2：
// PERSON OBJECT
function Person() {
this.name = null;
this.child = null;
this.dad = null;
this.mom = null;
}
var Dad = new Person();
Dad.name = 'John';
var Mom = new Person();
Mom.name = 'Sarah';
var Child = new Person();
Child.name = 'Kiddo';
Dad.child = Mom.child = Child;
Child.dad = Dad;
Child.mom = Mom;
console.log(Child); // ORIGINAL
// SERIALIZE AND THEN PARSE
var jsonChild = DJS.stringify(Child);
console.log(DJS.parse(jsonChild));
这里有一个解决方案：
仅删除循环（而不是所有重复的对象引用，到目前为止这里发布的大多数解决方案也是如此），不是不必要的冗长，速度快，不需要任何库依赖关系。
function replaceCycles(obj, replacement = undefined, seen = new WeakSet()) {
if (typeof obj === 'object')
if (seen.has(obj))
return replacement
else {
seen.add(obj)
const newObj = {}
for (const key in obj)
newObj[key] = replaceCycles(obj[key], replacement, seen)
seen.delete(obj)
return newObj
}
else
return obj
}
用法：
const a = {
b: 'v1',
c: {
d: 'v2'
}
}
a.e = a.c
a.c.f = a.c
console.log(JSON.stringify(replaceCycles(a, '[CYCLE]')))
输出：
"{'b':'v1','c':{'d':'v2','f':'[CYCLE]'},'e':{'d':'v2','f':'[CYCLE]'}}"
我知道这个问题很老，有很多很好的答案，但我发布这个答案是因为它有新的味道（es5+）
Object.defineProperties（JSON{refStringify：{值：函数（obj）{let objMap=new Map（）；let stringified=JSON.stringify（obj，函数（键、值）{//仅适用于对象if（值类型==“对象”）{//如果具有值，则返回对它的引用if（objMap.has（value））return objMap.get（value）；objMap.set（值，`ref${objMap.size+1｝`）；}返回值；});返回字符串；}},参考解析：{value：函数（str）{let parsed=JSON.parse（str）；let objMap=_createObjectMap（已解析）；objMap.forEach（（value，key）=>_replaceKeyWithObject（value，key））；返回解析；}},});//***************************示例设a={b： 32中，c：{获取a（）{返回a；},获取c（）{返回a.c；}}};let stringified=JSON.refStringify（a）；let parsed=JSON.refParse（字符串化，2）；console.log（已解析，JSON.refStringify（已解析））；//***************************/示例//***************************助手函数_createObjectMap（obj）{let objMap=new Map（）；JSON.stringify（obj，（key，value）=>{if（值类型==“对象”）{if（objMap.has（value））return objMap.get（value）；objMap.set（值，`ref${objMap.size+1｝`）；}返回值；});返回objMap；}函数_replaceKeyWithObject（key，obj，replaceWithObject=obj）{Object.keys（obj）.forEach（k=>{设val=obj[k]；if（val==键）return（obj[k]=replaceWithObject）；if（typeof val=='object'&&val！=replaceWithObject）_replaceKeyWithObject（key，val，replaceWithObject）；});}
function myStringify(obj, maxDeepLevel = 2) {
if (obj === null) {
return 'null';
}
if (obj === undefined) {
return 'undefined';
}
if (maxDeepLevel < 0 || typeof obj !== 'object') {
return obj.toString();
}
return Object
.entries(obj)
.map(x => x[0] + ': ' + myStringify(x[1], maxDeepLevel - 1))
.join('\r\n');
}
试试看：
var obj = {
a: "foo",
b: obj
};
var circular_replacer = (value) => {
var seen = [];
if (value != null && typeof value == "object") {
if (seen.indexOf(value) >= 0) return;
seen.push(value);
}
return value;
};
obj = circular_replacer(obj);
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