下面是谷歌Protobuf中ArraySize的一个实现。

#define GOOGLE_ARRAYSIZE(a) \
  ((sizeof(a) / sizeof(*(a))) / static_cast<size_t>(!(sizeof(a) % sizeof(*(a)))))

// test codes...
char* ptr[] = { "you", "are", "here" };
int testarr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4};
cout << GOOGLE_ARRAYSIZE(testarr) << endl;
cout << GOOGLE_ARRAYSIZE(ptr) << endl;

ARRAYSIZE(arr) works by inspecting sizeof(arr) (the # of bytes in the array) and sizeof(*(arr)) (the # of bytes in one array element). If the former is divisible by the latter, perhaps arr is indeed an array, in which case the division result is the # of elements in the array. Otherwise, arr cannot possibly be an array, and we generate a compiler error to prevent the code from compiling. Since the size of bool is implementation-defined, we need to cast !(sizeof(a) & sizeof(*(a))) to size_t in order to ensure the final result has type size_t. This macro is not perfect as it wrongfully accepts certain pointers, namely where the pointer size is divisible by the pointee size. Since all our code has to go through a 32-bit compiler, where a pointer is 4 bytes, this means all pointers to a type whose size is 3 or greater than 4 will be (righteously) rejected.

对于旧的g++编译器，您可以这样做

template <class T, size_t N>
char (&helper(T (&)[N]))[N];

#define arraysize(array) (sizeof(helper(array)))

int main() {
    int a[10];
    std::cout << arraysize(a) << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

如果你指的是c风格的数组，那么你可以这样做:

int a[7];
std::cout << "Length of array = " << (sizeof(a)/sizeof(*a)) << std::endl;

这对指针不起作用(即它对以下任何一个都不起作用):

int *p = new int[7];
std::cout << "Length of array = " << (sizeof(p)/sizeof(*p)) << std::endl;

or:

void func(int *p)
{
    std::cout << "Length of array = " << (sizeof(p)/sizeof(*p)) << std::endl;
}

int a[7];
func(a);

在c++中，如果你想要这种行为，那么你应该使用容器类;可能std::向量。

虽然这是一个老问题，但值得将答案更新到c++ 17。在标准库中，现在有一个模板化函数std::size()，它返回std容器或c风格数组中的元素数量。例如:

#include <iterator>

uint32_t data[] = {10, 20, 30, 40};
auto dataSize = std::size(data);
// dataSize == 4

正如其他人所说，您可以使用sizeof(arr)/sizeof(*arr)，但这将为非数组的指针类型提供错误的答案。

template<class T, size_t N>
constexpr size_t size(T (&)[N]) { return N; }

这具有对非数组类型编译失败的良好属性(Visual Studio有_countof可以做到这一点)。constexpr使它成为编译时表达式，因此它没有任何宏的缺点(至少我不知道)。

你也可以考虑使用c++ 11中的std::array，它公开了它的长度，而不增加C原生数组的开销。

c++ 17在<iterator>头文件中有std::size()，它具有相同的功能，也适用于STL容器(感谢@Jon C)。

vector有一个size()方法，该方法返回vector中元素的数量。

(是的，这是半开玩笑的回答)