I find myself frequently using Python's interpreter to work with databases, files, etc -- basically a lot of manual formatting of semi-structured data. I don't properly save and clean up the useful bits as often as I would like. Is there a way to save my input into the shell (db connections, variable assignments, little for loops and bits of logic) -- some history of the interactive session? If I use something like script I get too much stdout noise. I don't really need to pickle all the objects -- though if there is a solution that does that, it would be OK. Ideally I would just be left with a script that ran as the one I created interactively, and I could just delete the bits I didn't need. Is there a package that does this, or a DIY approach?


当前回答

如果使用bpython,所有的命令历史都会默认保存到~/.pythonhist。

要保存命令以供以后重用,您可以将它们复制到python脚本文件中:

$ cp ~/.pythonhist mycommands.py

然后编辑该文件以清理它并将其放在Python路径下(全局或虚拟环境的site-packages,当前目录,在*.pth中提到,或其他方式)。

要将命令包含到你的shell中,只需从保存的文件中导入它们:

>>> from mycommands import *

其他回答

%history命令非常棒,但不幸的是,它不能让您将%paste 'd保存到sesh中。要做到这一点,我认为你必须在开头执行%logstart(尽管我还没有确认这是有效的)。

我喜欢做的是

%history -o -n -p -f filename.txt

它将在每个输入(o, n和p选项)之前保存输出,行号和'>>>'。请在这里查看文档中的%history。

有一种方法可以做到。将文件存储在~/.pystartup…

# Add auto-completion and a stored history file of commands to your Python
# interactive interpreter. Requires Python 2.0+, readline. Autocomplete is
# bound to the Esc key by default (you can change it - see readline docs).
#
# Store the file in ~/.pystartup, and set an environment variable to point
# to it:  "export PYTHONSTARTUP=/home/user/.pystartup" in bash.
#
# Note that PYTHONSTARTUP does *not* expand "~", so you have to put in the
# full path to your home directory.

import atexit
import os
import readline
import rlcompleter

historyPath = os.path.expanduser("~/.pyhistory")

def save_history(historyPath=historyPath):
    import readline
    readline.write_history_file(historyPath)

if os.path.exists(historyPath):
    readline.read_history_file(historyPath)

atexit.register(save_history)
del os, atexit, readline, rlcompleter, save_history, historyPath

然后在shell中设置环境变量PYTHONSTARTUP(例如在~/.bashrc中):

export PYTHONSTARTUP=$HOME/.pystartup

你也可以添加这个来获得免费的自动补全:

readline.parse_and_bind('tab: complete')

请注意,这只适用于*nix系统。因为readline只在Unix平台上可用。

一些评论询问如何一次保存所有的IPython输入。对于IPython中的%save魔术,您可以以编程方式保存所有命令,如下所示,以避免提示消息,也避免指定输入数字。 currentLine = len(In)-1 %save -f my_session 1-$currentLine

f选项用于强制替换文件,len(IN)-1显示IPython中的当前输入提示符,允许您以编程方式保存整个会话。

还有另一种选择——耻骨瓣切除术。 在“wxpython 2.8文档演示和工具”中,有一个名为“pyslices”的开源程序。

你可以像编辑器一样使用它,它也支持像控制台一样使用----,像交互式解释器一样执行每一行,具有即时回显。

当然,所有的代码块和每个块的结果都会自动记录到一个TXT文件中。

结果被记录在相应代码块的后面。非常方便。

保存XUbuntu的输入输出:

在XWindows中,从Xfce终端应用程序运行iPython 单击顶部菜单栏中的“终端”,在下拉菜单中查找保存内容

我发现这节省了输入和输出,一直追溯到我打开终端的时候。这不是特定于ipython的,它与ssh会话或从终端窗口运行的其他任务一起工作。