I find myself frequently using Python's interpreter to work with databases, files, etc -- basically a lot of manual formatting of semi-structured data. I don't properly save and clean up the useful bits as often as I would like. Is there a way to save my input into the shell (db connections, variable assignments, little for loops and bits of logic) -- some history of the interactive session? If I use something like script I get too much stdout noise. I don't really need to pickle all the objects -- though if there is a solution that does that, it would be OK. Ideally I would just be left with a script that ran as the one I created interactively, and I could just delete the bits I didn't need. Is there a package that does this, or a DIY approach?


当前回答

我再提一个建议: 世爵

它有历史日志和变量资源管理器。如果你用过MatLab,你就会发现其中的相似之处。

其他回答

对于那些使用spacemacs和python层附带的ipython的人来说,save magic会创建大量不必要的输出,因为不断的自动补全命令在后台工作,例如:

len(all_suffixes)
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''len'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_substa'''))
len(all_substantives_w_suffixes)
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''len'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_w'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_wo'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_wor'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_word'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_words'''))
len(all_words_w_logograms)
len(all_verbs)

为了避免这种情况,只需保存ipython缓冲区,就像通常保存任何其他:spc f一样

有一种方法可以做到。将文件存储在~/.pystartup…

# Add auto-completion and a stored history file of commands to your Python
# interactive interpreter. Requires Python 2.0+, readline. Autocomplete is
# bound to the Esc key by default (you can change it - see readline docs).
#
# Store the file in ~/.pystartup, and set an environment variable to point
# to it:  "export PYTHONSTARTUP=/home/user/.pystartup" in bash.
#
# Note that PYTHONSTARTUP does *not* expand "~", so you have to put in the
# full path to your home directory.

import atexit
import os
import readline
import rlcompleter

historyPath = os.path.expanduser("~/.pyhistory")

def save_history(historyPath=historyPath):
    import readline
    readline.write_history_file(historyPath)

if os.path.exists(historyPath):
    readline.read_history_file(historyPath)

atexit.register(save_history)
del os, atexit, readline, rlcompleter, save_history, historyPath

然后在shell中设置环境变量PYTHONSTARTUP(例如在~/.bashrc中):

export PYTHONSTARTUP=$HOME/.pystartup

你也可以添加这个来获得免费的自动补全:

readline.parse_and_bind('tab: complete')

请注意,这只适用于*nix系统。因为readline只在Unix平台上可用。

如果您喜欢使用交互式会话,IPython是非常有用的。例如,在您的用例中,有一个%save magic命令,您只需输入%save my_useful_session 10-20 23,将第10行到第20行和第23行保存到my_useful_session.py(为了帮助实现这一点,每一行都有它的数字前缀)。

此外,文件指出:

此函数对输入范围使用与%history相同的语法,然后将行保存到指定的文件名。

例如,这允许引用旧的会话,例如

%save current_session ~0/
%save previous_session ~1/

查看演示页面上的视频以快速了解功能。

我再提一个建议: 世爵

它有历史日志和变量资源管理器。如果你用过MatLab,你就会发现其中的相似之处。

我想建议另一种在linux上通过tmux维护python会话的方法。运行tmux,将自己附加到所打开的会话(如果直接打开后没有附加)。执行python并在它上做任何事情。然后从会话中分离。从tmux会话分离并不会关闭会话。会议仍然开放。

这种方法的优点: 您可以从任何其他设备连接到此会话(如果您可以SSH您的pc)

这种方法的缺点: 在python解释器真正存在之前,此方法不会放弃被打开的python会话所使用的资源。