I find myself frequently using Python's interpreter to work with databases, files, etc -- basically a lot of manual formatting of semi-structured data. I don't properly save and clean up the useful bits as often as I would like. Is there a way to save my input into the shell (db connections, variable assignments, little for loops and bits of logic) -- some history of the interactive session? If I use something like script I get too much stdout noise. I don't really need to pickle all the objects -- though if there is a solution that does that, it would be OK. Ideally I would just be left with a script that ran as the one I created interactively, and I could just delete the bits I didn't need. Is there a package that does this, or a DIY approach?
当前回答
一些评论询问如何一次保存所有的IPython输入。对于IPython中的%save魔术，您可以以编程方式保存所有命令，如下所示，以避免提示消息，也避免指定输入数字。 currentLine = len(In)-1 %save -f my_session 1-$currentLine
f选项用于强制替换文件，len(IN)-1显示IPython中的当前输入提示符，允许您以编程方式保存整个会话。
其他回答
%history命令非常棒，但不幸的是，它不能让您将%paste 'd保存到sesh中。要做到这一点，我认为你必须在开头执行%logstart(尽管我还没有确认这是有效的)。
我喜欢做的是
%history -o -n -p -f filename.txt
它将在每个输入(o, n和p选项)之前保存输出，行号和'>>>'。请在这里查看文档中的%history。
有一种方法可以做到。将文件存储在~/.pystartup…
# Add auto-completion and a stored history file of commands to your Python
# interactive interpreter. Requires Python 2.0+, readline. Autocomplete is
# bound to the Esc key by default (you can change it - see readline docs).
#
# Store the file in ~/.pystartup, and set an environment variable to point
# to it: "export PYTHONSTARTUP=/home/user/.pystartup" in bash.
#
# Note that PYTHONSTARTUP does *not* expand "~", so you have to put in the
# full path to your home directory.
import atexit
import os
import readline
import rlcompleter
historyPath = os.path.expanduser("~/.pyhistory")
def save_history(historyPath=historyPath):
import readline
readline.write_history_file(historyPath)
if os.path.exists(historyPath):
readline.read_history_file(historyPath)
atexit.register(save_history)
del os, atexit, readline, rlcompleter, save_history, historyPath
然后在shell中设置环境变量PYTHONSTARTUP(例如在~/.bashrc中):
export PYTHONSTARTUP=$HOME/.pystartup
你也可以添加这个来获得免费的自动补全:
readline.parse_and_bind('tab: complete')
请注意，这只适用于*nix系统。因为readline只在Unix平台上可用。
你可以用内置函数打开:我用它在我的所有 我需要存储一些历史的程序(包括计算器等) 例如:
#gk-test.py or anything else would do
try: # use the try loop only if you haven't created the history file outside program
username = open("history.txt").readline().strip("\n")
user_age = open("history.txt").readlines()[1].strip("\n")
except FileNotFoundError:
username = input("Enter Username: ")
user_age = input("Enter User's Age: ")
open("history.txt", "w").write(f"{username}\n{user_age}")
#Rest of the code is secret! try it your own!
我要感谢所有喜欢我评论的人!感谢您的阅读!
如果使用bpython，所有的命令历史都会默认保存到~/.pythonhist。
要保存命令以供以后重用，您可以将它们复制到python脚本文件中:
$ cp ~/.pythonhist mycommands.py
然后编辑该文件以清理它并将其放在Python路径下(全局或虚拟环境的site-packages，当前目录，在*.pth中提到，或其他方式)。
要将命令包含到你的shell中，只需从保存的文件中导入它们:
>>> from mycommands import *
对于那些使用spacemacs和python层附带的ipython的人来说，save magic会创建大量不必要的输出，因为不断的自动补全命令在后台工作，例如:
len(all_suffixes)
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''len'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_substa'''))
len(all_substantives_w_suffixes)
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''len'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_w'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_wo'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_wor'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_word'''))
';'.join(__PYTHON_EL_get_completions('''all_words'''))
len(all_words_w_logograms)
len(all_verbs)
为了避免这种情况，只需保存ipython缓冲区，就像通常保存任何其他:spc f一样
