我是这样做的:

import re

def requirements(filename):
    with open(filename) as f:
        ll = f.read().splitlines()
    d = {}
    for l in ll:
        k, v = re.split(r'==|>=', l)
        d[k] = v
    return d

def packageInfo():
    try:
        from pip._internal.operations import freeze
    except ImportError:
        from pip.operations import freeze

    d = {}
    for kv in freeze.freeze():
        k, v = re.split(r'==|>=', kv)
        d[k] = v
    return d

req = getpackver('requirements.txt')
pkginfo = packageInfo()

for k, v in req.items():
    print(f'{k:<16}: {v:<6} -> {pkginfo[k]}')

另一个parse_requirements黑客也将环境标记解析为extras_require:

from collections import defaultdict
from pip.req import parse_requirements

requirements = []
extras = defaultdict(list)
for r in parse_requirements('requirements.txt', session='hack'):
    if r.markers:
        extras[':' + str(r.markers)].append(str(r.req))
    else:
        requirements.append(str(r.req))

setup(
    ...,
    install_requires=requirements,
    extras_require=extras
)

它应该同时支持sdist和binary dist。

正如其他人所说，parse_requirements有几个缺点，所以这不是您在公共项目中应该做的，但对于内部/个人项目可能足够了。

我为此创建了一个可重用函数。它实际上解析需求文件的整个目录，并将它们设置为extras_require。

最新消息请访问:https://gist.github.com/akatrevorjay/293c26fefa24a7b812f5

import glob
import itertools
import os

# This is getting ridiculous
try:
    from pip._internal.req import parse_requirements
    from pip._internal.network.session import PipSession
except ImportError:
    try:
        from pip._internal.req import parse_requirements
        from pip._internal.download import PipSession
    except ImportError:
        from pip.req import parse_requirements
        from pip.download import PipSession


def setup_requirements(
        patterns=[
            'requirements.txt', 'requirements/*.txt', 'requirements/*.pip'
        ],
        combine=True):
    """
    Parse a glob of requirements and return a dictionary of setup() options.
    Create a dictionary that holds your options to setup() and update it using this.
    Pass that as kwargs into setup(), viola

    Any files that are not a standard option name (ie install, tests, setup) are added to extras_require with their
    basename minus ext. An extra key is added to extras_require: 'all', that contains all distinct reqs combined.

    Keep in mind all literally contains `all` packages in your extras.
    This means if you have conflicting packages across your extras, then you're going to have a bad time.
    (don't use all in these cases.)

    If you're running this for a Docker build, set `combine=True`.
    This will set `install_requires` to all distinct reqs combined.

    Example:

    >>> import setuptools
    >>> _conf = dict(
    ...     name='mainline',
    ...     version='0.0.1',
    ...     description='Mainline',
    ...     author='Trevor Joynson <github@trevor.joynson,io>',
    ...     url='https://trevor.joynson.io',
    ...     namespace_packages=['mainline'],
    ...     packages=setuptools.find_packages(),
    ...     zip_safe=False,
    ...     include_package_data=True,
    ... )
    >>> _conf.update(setup_requirements())
    >>> # setuptools.setup(**_conf)

    :param str pattern: Glob pattern to find requirements files
    :param bool combine: Set True to set install_requires to extras_require['all']
    :return dict: Dictionary of parsed setup() options
    """
    session = PipSession()

    # Handle setuptools insanity
    key_map = {
        'requirements': 'install_requires',
        'install': 'install_requires',
        'tests': 'tests_require',
        'setup': 'setup_requires',
    }
    ret = {v: set() for v in key_map.values()}
    extras = ret['extras_require'] = {}
    all_reqs = set()

    files = [glob.glob(pat) for pat in patterns]
    files = itertools.chain(*files)

    for full_fn in files:
        # Parse
        reqs = {
            str(r.req)
            for r in parse_requirements(full_fn, session=session)
            # Must match env marker, eg:
            #   yarl ; python_version >= '3.0'
            if r.match_markers()
        }
        all_reqs.update(reqs)

        # Add in the right section
        fn = os.path.basename(full_fn)
        barefn, _ = os.path.splitext(fn)
        key = key_map.get(barefn)

        if key:
            ret[key].update(reqs)
            extras[key] = reqs

        extras[barefn] = reqs

    if 'all' not in extras:
        extras['all'] = list(all_reqs)

    if combine:
        extras['install'] = ret['install_requires']
        ret['install_requires'] = list(all_reqs)

    def _listify(dikt):
        ret = {}

        for k, v in dikt.items():
            if isinstance(v, set):
                v = list(v)
            elif isinstance(v, dict):
                v = _listify(v)
            ret[k] = v

        return ret

    ret = _listify(ret)

    return ret


__all__ = ['setup_requirements']

if __name__ == '__main__':
    reqs = setup_requirements()
    print(reqs)

它不能接受文件句柄。install_requires参数只能是字符串或字符串列表。

当然，您可以在设置脚本中读取您的文件，并将其作为字符串列表传递给install_requires。

import os
from setuptools import setup

with open('requirements.txt') as f:
    required = f.read().splitlines()

setup(...
install_requires=required,
...)

使用parse_requirements是有问题的，因为pip API没有公开的文档和支持。在pip 1.6中，该函数实际上是移动的，因此对它的现有使用可能会中断。

消除setup.py和requirements.txt之间重复的一个更可靠的方法是在setup.py中指定你的依赖项，然后输入-e。到requirements.txt文件中。关于为什么这是一种更好的方式，来自pip开发人员的一些信息可以在这里找到:https://caremad.io/blog/setup-vs-requirement/

另一个可能的解决方案……

def gather_requirements(top_path=None):
    """Captures requirements from repo.

    Expected file format is: requirements[-_]<optional-extras>.txt

    For example:

        pip install -e .[foo]

    Would require:

        requirements-foo.txt

        or

        requirements_foo.txt

    """
    from pip.download import PipSession
    from pip.req import parse_requirements
    import re

    session = PipSession()
    top_path = top_path or os.path.realpath(os.getcwd())
    extras = {}
    for filepath in tree(top_path):
        filename = os.path.basename(filepath)
        basename, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
        if ext == '.txt' and basename.startswith('requirements'):
            if filename == 'requirements.txt':
                extra_name = 'requirements'
            else:
                _, extra_name = re.split(r'[-_]', basename, 1)
            if extra_name:
                reqs = [str(ir.req) for ir in parse_requirements(filepath, session=session)]
                extras.setdefault(extra_name, []).extend(reqs)
    all_reqs = set()
    for key, values in extras.items():
        all_reqs.update(values)
    extras['all'] = list(all_reqs)
    return extras

然后使用…

reqs = gather_requirements()
install_reqs = reqs.pop('requirements', [])
test_reqs = reqs.pop('test', [])
...
setup(
    ...
    'install_requires': install_reqs,
    'test_requires': test_reqs,
    'extras_require': reqs,
    ...
)