这在Android中是相当棘手的事情，我还没有做过。但也许这些链接可以帮助你:

Android Issue 1073:谷歌认证令牌应该可以通过API访问第三方应用程序 android 2.x+中的SDK API AccountManager

建议的答案将不再有效，因为从android 8开始有新的限制。

更多信息请访问:https://developer.android.com/about/versions/oreo/android-8.0-changes.html#aaad

可悲的是，接受的答案并不管用。

我迟到了，但这是内部Android电子邮件应用程序的解决方案，除非内容uri由提供商更改:

Uri EMAIL_ACCOUNTS_DATABASE_CONTENT_URI = 
              Uri.parse("content://com.android.email.provider/account");

public ArrayList<String> GET_EMAIL_ADDRESSES ()
{
    ArrayList<String> names = new ArrayList<String>();
    ContentResolver cr      = m_context.getContentResolver();
    Cursor cursor           = cr.query(EMAIL_ACCOUNTS_DATABASE_CONTENT_URI ,null, 
                             null, null, null);

    if (cursor == null) {
        Log.e("TEST", "Cannot access email accounts database");
        return null;
    }

    if (cursor.getCount() <= 0) {
        Log.e("TEST", "No accounts");
        return null;
    }

    while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
        names.add(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("emailAddress")));
        Log.i("TEST", cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("emailAddress")));
    }
    return names;
}

这可能对其他人有用:

使用AccountPicker在没有任何全局权限的情况下获取用户的电子邮件地址，并允许用户知道并授权或取消该过程。

Android 8及以上-

步骤1 -在“AndroidManifest.xml -”中添加如下代码

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />

步骤2 -在运行时请求权限的活动中添加以下代码。

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            if ((ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) && (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)) {
                getGoogleAccounts();
            }

            else {
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS}, 1);
                //return false;
            }
        }

步骤3 -为onRequestPermissionsResult -添加代码

 @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if(grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){

            getGoogleAccounts();
        }
    }

步骤4 -最后添加代码以使用AccountManager检索帐户

private void getGoogleAccounts(){

   AccountManager am = AccountManager.get(this); // "this" references the current Context
    Account[] accounts = am.getAccountsByType("com.google");

    for (Account acc : accounts){
        System.out.println("http accounts " + acc);
    }
}

请参考以下链接的变化在安卓8 - https://developer.android.com/about/versions/oreo/android-8.0-changes#aaad

在清单中添加这一行(获得许可)

< uses-permission android: name = " android.permission。GET_ACCOUNTS " / >

然后将此代码粘贴到您的活动中

private ArrayList<String> getPrimaryMailId() {
    ArrayList<String> accountsList = new ArrayList<String>();
    try {
        Account[] accounts = AccountManager.get(this).getAccountsByType("com.google");
        for (Account account : accounts) {
            accountsList.add(account.name);
            Log.e("GetPrimaryMailId ", account.name);
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.e("GetPrimaryMailId", " Exception : " + e);
    }
    return accountsList;
}