当从代码中调用web资源时,一个常见的任务是构建一个包含所有必要参数的查询字符串。虽然这绝不是火箭科学,但有一些漂亮的细节需要注意,例如,如果不是第一个参数,则添加&,对参数进行编码等。
实现它的代码非常简单,但有点乏味:
StringBuilder SB = new StringBuilder();
if (NeedsToAddParameter A)
{
SB.Append("A="); SB.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode("TheValueOfA"));
}
if (NeedsToAddParameter B)
{
if (SB.Length>0) SB.Append("&");
SB.Append("B="); SB.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode("TheValueOfB")); }
}
这是一个非常常见的任务,人们希望存在一个实用工具类,使其更加优雅和可读。扫描MSDN,我没有找到一个,这让我想到了以下问题:
你所知道的最优雅干净的方法是什么?
如何创建扩展方法,允许您以这样流畅的风格添加参数?
string a = "http://www.somedomain.com/somepage.html"
.AddQueryParam("A", "TheValueOfA")
.AddQueryParam("B", "TheValueOfB")
.AddQueryParam("Z", "TheValueOfZ");
string b = new StringBuilder("http://www.somedomain.com/anotherpage.html")
.AddQueryParam("A", "TheValueOfA")
.AddQueryParam("B", "TheValueOfB")
.AddQueryParam("Z", "TheValueOfZ")
.ToString();
下面是使用字符串的重载:
public static string AddQueryParam(
this string source, string key, string value)
{
string delim;
if ((source == null) || !source.Contains("?"))
{
delim = "?";
}
else if (source.EndsWith("?") || source.EndsWith("&"))
{
delim = string.Empty;
}
else
{
delim = "&";
}
return source + delim + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(key)
+ "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(value);
}
这里是使用StringBuilder的重载:
public static StringBuilder AddQueryParam(
this StringBuilder source, string key, string value)
{
bool hasQuery = false;
for (int i = 0; i < source.Length; i++)
{
if (source[i] == '?')
{
hasQuery = true;
break;
}
}
string delim;
if (!hasQuery)
{
delim = "?";
}
else if ((source[source.Length - 1] == '?')
|| (source[source.Length - 1] == '&'))
{
delim = string.Empty;
}
else
{
delim = "&";
}
return source.Append(delim).Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(key))
.Append("=").Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(value));
}
我为我的剃刀项目写了一个助手,使用了其他答案的一些提示。
ParseQueryString业务是必要的,因为我们不允许篡改当前请求的QueryString对象。
@helper GetQueryStringWithValue(string key, string value) {
var queryString = System.Web.HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString.ToString());
queryString[key] = value;
@Html.Raw(queryString.ToString())
}
我是这样使用的:
location.search = '?@Helpers.GetQueryStringWithValue("var-name", "var-value")';
如果希望它接受多个值,只需将参数更改为Dictionary,并将对添加到查询字符串中。
基于扩展方法的快速版本:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var parameters = new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>
{
new KeyValuePair<string, string>("A", "AValue"),
new KeyValuePair<string, string>("B", "BValue")
};
string output = "?" + string.Join("&", parameters.ConvertAll(param => param.ToQueryString()).ToArray());
}
}
public static class KeyValueExtensions
{
public static string ToQueryString(this KeyValuePair<string, string> obj)
{
return obj.Key + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(obj.Value);
}
}
可以使用where子句来选择将哪些参数添加到字符串中。
适用于NameValueCollection中每个键的多个值。
例:{{“k1”、“v1”},{“k1”、“v1”}}= > ? k1 = v1&k1 = v1
/// <summary>
/// Get query string for name value collection.
/// </summary>
public static string ToQueryString(this NameValueCollection collection,
bool prefixQuestionMark = true)
{
collection.NullArgumentCheck();
if (collection.Keys.Count == 0)
{
return "";
}
var buffer = new StringBuilder();
if (prefixQuestionMark)
{
buffer.Append("?");
}
var append = false;
for (int i = 0; i < collection.Keys.Count; i++)
{
var key = collection.Keys[i];
var values = collection.GetValues(key);
key.NullCheck();
values.NullCheck();
foreach (var value in values)
{
if (append)
{
buffer.Append("&");
}
append = true;
buffer.AppendFormat("{0}={1}", key.UrlEncode(), value.UrlEncode());
}
}
return buffer.ToString();
}
我将以下方法添加到PageBase类中。
protected void Redirect(string url)
{
Response.Redirect(url);
}
protected void Redirect(string url, NameValueCollection querystrings)
{
StringBuilder redirectUrl = new StringBuilder(url);
if (querystrings != null)
{
for (int index = 0; index < querystrings.Count; index++)
{
if (index == 0)
{
redirectUrl.Append("?");
}
redirectUrl.Append(querystrings.Keys[index]);
redirectUrl.Append("=");
redirectUrl.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(querystrings[index]));
if (index < querystrings.Count - 1)
{
redirectUrl.Append("&");
}
}
}
this.Redirect(redirectUrl.ToString());
}
电话:
NameValueCollection querystrings = new NameValueCollection();
querystrings.Add("language", "en");
querystrings.Add("id", "134");
this.Redirect("http://www.mypage.com", querystrings);
未经测试,但我认为沿着这些路线的东西会工作得很好
public class QueryString
{
private Dictionary<string,string> _Params = new Dictionary<string,string>();
public overide ToString()
{
List<string> returnParams = new List<string>();
foreach (KeyValuePair param in _Params)
{
returnParams.Add(String.Format("{0}={1}", param.Key, param.Value));
}
// return String.Format("?{0}", String.Join("&", returnParams.ToArray()));
// credit annakata
return "?" + String.Join("&", returnParams.ToArray());
}
public void Add(string key, string value)
{
_Params.Add(key, HttpUtility.UrlEncode(value));
}
}
QueryString query = new QueryString();
query.Add("param1", "value1");
query.Add("param2", "value2");
return query.ToString();