一种纯粹的Bash方式，没有eval，没有subshell，没有外部工具，没有大括号展开(即，你可以在变量中重复数字):

如果给你一个变量n，它展开为一个(非负的)数字和一个变量模式，例如，

$ n=5
$ pattern=hello
$ printf -v output '%*s' "$n"
$ output=${output// /$pattern}
$ echo "$output"
hellohellohellohellohello

你可以用它来创建一个函数:

repeat() {
    # $1=number of patterns to repeat
    # $2=pattern
    # $3=output variable name
    local tmp
    printf -v tmp '%*s' "$1"
    printf -v "$3" '%s' "${tmp// /$2}"
}

这套:

$ repeat 5 hello output
$ echo "$output"
hellohellohellohellohello

对于这个小技巧，我们经常使用printf:

-v varname: instead of printing to standard output, printf will put the content of the formatted string in variable varname. '%*s': printf will use the argument to print the corresponding number of spaces. E.g., printf '%*s' 42 will print 42 spaces. Finally, when we have the wanted number of spaces in our variable, we use a parameter expansion to replace all the spaces by our pattern: ${var// /$pattern} will expand to the expansion of var with all the spaces replaced by the expansion of $pattern.

你也可以通过间接展开来去掉repeat函数中的tmp变量:

repeat() {
    # $1=number of patterns to repeat
    # $2=pattern
    # $3=output variable name
    printf -v "$3" '%*s' "$1"
    printf -v "$3" '%s' "${!3// /$2}"
}

如果你想在echo和printf的不同实现之间遵循posix并保持一致性，和/或shell而不仅仅是bash:

seq(){ n=$1; while [ $n -le $2 ]; do echo $n; n=$((n+1)); done ;} # If you don't have it.

echo $(for each in $(seq 1 100); do printf "="; done)

.．.将在所有地方产生与perl -E 'say "=" x 100'相同的输出。

我的答案有点复杂，可能并不完美，但对于那些希望输出大数字的人来说，我能够在3秒内完成大约1000万。

repeatString(){
    # argument 1: The string to print
    # argument 2: The number of times to print
    stringToPrint=$1
    length=$2

    # Find the largest integer value of x in 2^x=(number of times to repeat) using logarithms
    power=`echo "l(${length})/l(2)" | bc -l`
    power=`echo "scale=0; ${power}/1" | bc`

    # Get the difference between the length and 2^x
    diff=`echo "${length} - 2^${power}" | bc`

    # Double the string length to the power of x
    for i in `seq "${power}"`; do 
        stringToPrint="${stringToPrint}${stringToPrint}"
    done

    #Since we know that the string is now at least bigger than half the total, grab however many more we need and add it to the string.
    stringToPrint="${stringToPrint}${stringToPrint:0:${diff}}"
    echo ${stringToPrint}
}

大多数现有的解决方案都依赖于{1..shell的10}语法支持，这是bash和zsh特定的，并且不能在tcsh或OpenBSD的ksh和大多数非bash sh中工作。

以下代码适用于OS X和所有*BSD系统;实际上，它可以用来生成各种类型装饰空间的整体矩阵:

$ printf '=%.0s' `jot 64` | fold -16
================
================
================
================$ 

遗憾的是，我们没有得到一个尾随换行符;这可以通过在折叠后额外的printf '\n'来修复:

$ printf "=%.0s" `jot 64` | fold -16 ; printf "\n"
================
================
================
================
$ 

引用:

http://mdoc.su/-/printf.1 http://mdoc.su/-/jot.1 http://mdoc.su/-/fold.1

n=5; chr='x'; chr_string='';
for (( i=0; $i<$n; i++ ))
do
    chr_string=$chr_string$chr
done
echo -n "$chr_string"

适用于…… N =整数(包括0和负数)。 Chr =可打印和空白(空格和制表符)。

稍微长一点的版本，但如果你出于某种原因必须使用纯Bash，你可以使用一个带增量变量的while循环:

n=0; while [ $n -lt 100 ]; do n=$((n+1)); echo -n '='; done