更普遍的中位数(和百分位数)方法是:

def get_percentile(data, percentile):
    # Get the number of observations
    cnt=len(data)
    # Sort the list
    data=sorted(data)
    # Determine the split point
    i=(cnt-1)*percentile
    # Find the `floor` of the split point
    diff=i-int(i)
    # Return the weighted average of the value above and below the split point
    return data[int(i)]*(1-diff)+data[int(i)+1]*(diff)

# Data
data=[1,2,3,4,5]
# For the median
print(get_percentile(data=data, percentile=.50))
# > 3
print(get_percentile(data=data, percentile=.75))
# > 4

# Note the weighted average difference when an int is not returned by the percentile
print(get_percentile(data=data, percentile=.51))
# > 3.04

import numpy as np
def get_median(xs):
        mid = len(xs) // 2  # Take the mid of the list
        if len(xs) % 2 == 1: # check if the len of list is odd
            return sorted(xs)[mid] #if true then mid will be median after sorting
        else:
            #return 0.5 * sum(sorted(xs)[mid - 1:mid + 1])
            return 0.5 * np.sum(sorted(xs)[mid - 1:mid + 1]) #if false take the avg of mid
print(get_median([7, 7, 3, 1, 4, 5]))
print(get_median([1,2,3, 4,5]))

当然，你可以使用内置函数，但如果你想创建自己的函数，你可以这样做。这里的技巧是使用~运算符将正数转换为负数。例如~2 -> -3和在Python中使用负in For list将从末尾开始计数。如果你有mid == 2，那么它会从开始取第三个元素，从结束取第三个元素。

def median(data):
    data.sort()
    mid = len(data) // 2
    return (data[mid] + data[~mid]) / 2

中值函数

def median(midlist):
    midlist.sort()
    lens = len(midlist)
    if lens % 2 != 0: 
        midl = (lens / 2)
        res = midlist[midl]
    else:
        odd = (lens / 2) -1
        ev = (lens / 2) 
        res = float(midlist[odd] + midlist[ev]) / float(2)
    return res

只要两行就够了。

def get_median(arr):
    '''
    Calculate the median of a sequence.
    :param arr: list
    :return: int or float
    '''
    arr = sorted(arr)
    return arr[len(arr)//2] if len(arr) % 2 else (arr[len(arr)//2] + arr[len(arr)//2-1])/2

我在浮点值列表中遇到了一些问题。我最终使用了来自python3统计数据的代码片段。中位数和工作完美的浮动值没有导入。源

def calculateMedian(list):
    data = sorted(list)
    n = len(data)
    if n == 0:
        return None
    if n % 2 == 1:
        return data[n // 2]
    else:
        i = n // 2
        return (data[i - 1] + data[i]) / 2