var functionName = 函数() {} vs 函数函数Name() {}

我最近开始保持别人的JavaScript代码,我正在修复错误,添加功能,也试图更新代码并使其更加一致。

以前的开发人员使用了两种方式来宣布功能,我无法解决是否有原因。

兩種方式是:

var functionOne = function() {
    // Some code
};

function functionTwo() {
    // Some code
}

使用这两种不同的方法的原因是什么?每个方法的优点和缺点是什么?可以用一种方法做些什么,不能用另一种方法做些什么?

当前回答

二是定义函数的不同方式,区别在于浏览器如何解释并将其加载到执行背景中。

第一個案例是函數表達,只有當翻譯者達到這個代碼線時才會充電,因此,如果你這樣做,你會發現函數一不是函數的錯誤。

functionOne();
var functionOne = function() {
    // Some code
};

原因在于,在第一行中,没有值被分配到函数One,因此它是不定义的,我们试图称之为函数,因此我们得到一个错误。

在第二行中,我们将匿名函数的参考归分为函数One。

第二个案例是功能声明,在任何代码执行之前加载,所以如果你喜欢下一个,你不会得到任何错误,因为声明加载,在代码执行之前。

functionOne();
function functionOne() {
   // Some code
}

2015-12-28 20:18:03

其他回答

区别在于,函数One 是一种函数表达式,因此只有在到达该行时才定义,而函数Two 是一种函数声明,并在其周围函数或脚本执行后才定义。

例如,函数表达式:

// TypeError: functionOne 不是函数函数One(); var 函数One = 函数() { console.log(“Hello!”); };

还有一个功能声明:

// 输出: “Hello!”函数Two();函数函数Two() { console.log(“Hello!”); }

“使用严格”; { // 注意此区块! 函数三() { console.log(“Hello!”); } } 函数三(); // 参考错误

2008-12-03 11:37:42

鉴于“名称函数在轨道上出现”的论点,现代的JavaScript引擎实际上非常能够代表匿名函数。

至于这篇文章,V8,SpiderMonkey,Chakra和Nitro总是提到他们的名字命名的函数,他们几乎总是提到一个匿名函数,它的识别器,如果它有一个。

SpiderMonkey 可以从另一个函数返回的匿名函数的名称。

如果你真的,真的想要你的 iterator 和成功的呼叫回复出现在轨道上,你可以命名那些也。

[].forEach(function iterator() {});

但是,大多数情况下,它不值得强调。

哈里斯(Fiddle)

'use strict';

var a = function () {
    throw new Error();
},
    b = function b() {
        throw new Error();
    },
    c = function d() {
        throw new Error();
    },
    e = {
        f: a,
        g: b,
        h: c,
        i: function () {
            throw new Error();
        },
        j: function j() {
            throw new Error();
        },
        k: function l() {
            throw new Error();
        }
    },
    m = (function () {
        return function () {
            throw new Error();
        };
    }()),
    n = (function () {
        return function n() {
            throw new Error();
        };
    }()),
    o = (function () {
        return function p() {
            throw new Error();
        };
    }());

console.log([a, b, c].concat(Object.keys(e).reduce(function (values, key) {
    return values.concat(e[key]);
}, [])).concat([m, n, o]).reduce(function (logs, func) {

    try {
        func();
    } catch (error) {
        return logs.concat('func.name: ' + func.name + '\n' +
                           'Trace:\n' +
                           error.stack);
        // Need to manually log the error object in Nitro.
    }

}, []).join('\n\n'));

func.name: 
Trace:
Error
    at a (http://localhost:8000/test.js:4:11)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
    at Array.reduce (native)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:27

func.name: b
Trace:
Error
    at b (http://localhost:8000/test.js:7:15)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
    at Array.reduce (native)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:27

func.name: d
Trace:
Error
    at d (http://localhost:8000/test.js:10:15)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
    at Array.reduce (native)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:27

func.name: 
Trace:
Error
    at a (http://localhost:8000/test.js:4:11)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
    at Array.reduce (native)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:27

func.name: b
Trace:
Error
    at b (http://localhost:8000/test.js:7:15)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
    at Array.reduce (native)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:27

func.name: d
Trace:
Error
    at d (http://localhost:8000/test.js:10:15)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
    at Array.reduce (native)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:27

func.name: 
Trace:
Error
    at e.i (http://localhost:8000/test.js:17:19)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
    at Array.reduce (native)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:27

func.name: j
Trace:
Error
    at j (http://localhost:8000/test.js:20:19)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
    at Array.reduce (native)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:27

func.name: l
Trace:
Error
    at l (http://localhost:8000/test.js:23:19)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
    at Array.reduce (native)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:27

func.name: 
Trace:
Error
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:28:19
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
    at Array.reduce (native)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:27

func.name: n
Trace:
Error
    at n (http://localhost:8000/test.js:33:19)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
    at Array.reduce (native)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:27

func.name: p
Trace:
Error
    at p (http://localhost:8000/test.js:38:19)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
    at Array.reduce (native)
    at http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:27 test.js:42

蜘蛛侠

func.name: 
Trace:
a@http://localhost:8000/test.js:4:5
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:54:1


func.name: b
Trace:
b@http://localhost:8000/test.js:7:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:54:1


func.name: d
Trace:
d@http://localhost:8000/test.js:10:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:54:1


func.name: 
Trace:
a@http://localhost:8000/test.js:4:5
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:54:1


func.name: b
Trace:
b@http://localhost:8000/test.js:7:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:54:1


func.name: d
Trace:
d@http://localhost:8000/test.js:10:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:54:1


func.name: 
Trace:
e.i@http://localhost:8000/test.js:17:13
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:54:1


func.name: j
Trace:
j@http://localhost:8000/test.js:20:13
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:54:1


func.name: l
Trace:
l@http://localhost:8000/test.js:23:13
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:54:1


func.name: 
Trace:
m</<@http://localhost:8000/test.js:28:13
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:54:1


func.name: n
Trace:
n@http://localhost:8000/test.js:33:13
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:54:1


func.name: p
Trace:
p@http://localhost:8000/test.js:38:13
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9
@http://localhost:8000/test.js:54:1

查克拉

func.name: undefined
Trace:
Error
   at a (http://localhost:8000/test.js:4:5)
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9)
   at Global code (http://localhost:8000/test.js:42:1)


func.name: undefined
Trace:
Error
   at b (http://localhost:8000/test.js:7:9)
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9)
   at Global code (http://localhost:8000/test.js:42:1)


func.name: undefined
Trace:
Error
   at d (http://localhost:8000/test.js:10:9)
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9)
   at Global code (http://localhost:8000/test.js:42:1)


func.name: undefined
Trace:
Error
   at a (http://localhost:8000/test.js:4:5)
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9)
   at Global code (http://localhost:8000/test.js:42:1)


func.name: undefined
Trace:
Error
   at b (http://localhost:8000/test.js:7:9)
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9)
   at Global code (http://localhost:8000/test.js:42:1)


func.name: undefined
Trace:
Error
   at d (http://localhost:8000/test.js:10:9)
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9)
   at Global code (http://localhost:8000/test.js:42:1)


func.name: undefined
Trace:
Error
   at e.i (http://localhost:8000/test.js:17:13)
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9)
   at Global code (http://localhost:8000/test.js:42:1)


func.name: undefined
Trace:
Error
   at j (http://localhost:8000/test.js:20:13)
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9)
   at Global code (http://localhost:8000/test.js:42:1)


func.name: undefined
Trace:
Error
   at l (http://localhost:8000/test.js:23:13)
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9)
   at Global code (http://localhost:8000/test.js:42:1)


func.name: undefined
Trace:
Error
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:28:13)
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9)
   at Global code (http://localhost:8000/test.js:42:1)


func.name: undefined
Trace:
Error
   at n (http://localhost:8000/test.js:33:13)
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9)
   at Global code (http://localhost:8000/test.js:42:1)


func.name: undefined
Trace:
Error
   at p (http://localhost:8000/test.js:38:13)
   at Anonymous function (http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:9)
   at Global code (http://localhost:8000/test.js:42:1)

尼特

func.name: 
Trace:
a@http://localhost:8000/test.js:4:22
http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:13
reduce@[native code]
global code@http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:33

func.name: b
Trace:
b@http://localhost:8000/test.js:7:26
http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:13
reduce@[native code]
global code@http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:33

func.name: d
Trace:
d@http://localhost:8000/test.js:10:26
http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:13
reduce@[native code]
global code@http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:33

func.name: 
Trace:
a@http://localhost:8000/test.js:4:22
http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:13
reduce@[native code]
global code@http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:33

func.name: b
Trace:
b@http://localhost:8000/test.js:7:26
http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:13
reduce@[native code]
global code@http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:33

func.name: d
Trace:
d@http://localhost:8000/test.js:10:26
http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:13
reduce@[native code]
global code@http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:33

func.name: 
Trace:
i@http://localhost:8000/test.js:17:30
http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:13
reduce@[native code]
global code@http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:33

func.name: j
Trace:
j@http://localhost:8000/test.js:20:30
http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:13
reduce@[native code]
global code@http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:33

func.name: l
Trace:
l@http://localhost:8000/test.js:23:30
http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:13
reduce@[native code]
global code@http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:33

func.name: 
Trace:
http://localhost:8000/test.js:28:30
http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:13
reduce@[native code]
global code@http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:33

func.name: n
Trace:
n@http://localhost:8000/test.js:33:30
http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:13
reduce@[native code]
global code@http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:33

func.name: p
Trace:
p@http://localhost:8000/test.js:38:30
http://localhost:8000/test.js:47:13
reduce@[native code]
global code@http://localhost:8000/test.js:44:33

2014-10-12 00:58:57

a = 10
output : 10

(1 + 3)
output = 4

声明/声明:不返回值的东西示例:

if (1 > 2) {
 // do something. 
}

此分類上一篇

同样,我们有函数声明/声明 vs 函数表达请举一个例子:

// test.js

var a = 10;

// function expression
var fun_expression = function() {
   console.log("Running function Expression");
}

// funciton expression

function fun_declaration() {
   console.log("Running function Statement");
}

重要:在JavaScript引擎运行上面的JS文件时会发生什么。

现在,假设我们更新JS到。

// test.js

console.log(a)  //output: udefined (No error)
console.log(fun_expression)  // output: undefined (No error)
console.log(fun_expression()) // output: Error. As we trying to invoke undefined. 
console.log(fun_declaration()) // output: running function statement  (As fun_declaration is already hoisted in the memory). 

var a = 10;

// function expression
var fun_expression = function() {
   console.log('Running function expression')
}

// function declaration

function fun_declaration() {
   console.log('running function declaration')
}

console.log(a)   // output: 10
console.log(fun_expression()) //output: Running function expression
console.log(fun_declaration()) //output: running function declaration

在评论中提到的结果,应该有助于理解函数表达与函数声明/声明之间的区别。

2018-05-15 00:22:23

函数内所宣布的变量/函数在页面内是全球性的,可以访问该页面中的任何地方.函数内所宣布的变量/函数具有本地范围. 也就是说,它们在函数体内可用/可用,它们不在函数体外可用。

变量

JavaScript 被称为顺利打字语言,这意味着 JavaScript 变量可以保留任何数据类型的值,JavaScript 会自动根据运行时间提供的值/字体来改变变量类型。

global_Page = 10;                                               var global_Page;      « undefined
    « Integer literal, Number Type.   -------------------       global_Page = 10;     « Number         
global_Page = 'Yash';                 |   Interpreted   |       global_Page = 'Yash'; « String
    « String literal, String Type.    «       AS        «       global_Page = true;   « Boolean 
var global_Page = true;               |                 |       global_Page = function (){          « function
    « Boolean Type                    -------------------                 var local_functionblock;  « undefined
global_Page = function (){                                                local_functionblock = 777;« Number
    var local_functionblock = 777;                              };  
    // Assigning function as a data.
};

功能

function Identifier_opt ( FormalParameterList_opt ) { 
      FunctionBody | sequence of statements

      « return;  Default undefined
      « return 'some data';
}

function globalAccess() {                                  function globalAccess() {      
}                                  -------------------     }
globalAccess();                    |                 |     function globalAccess() { « Re-Defined / overridden.
localAccess();                     «   Hoisted  As   «         function localAccess() {
function globalAccess() {          |                 |         }
     localAccess();                -------------------         localAccess(); « function accessed with in globalAccess() only.
     function localAccess() {                              }
     }                                                     globalAccess();
}                                                          localAccess(); « ReferenceError as the function is not defined

功能表达

        10;                 « literal
       (10);                « Expression                (10).toString() -> '10'
var a;                      
    a = 10;                 « Expression var              a.toString()  -> '10'
(function invoke() {        « Expression Function
 console.log('Self Invoking');                      (function () {
});                                                               }) () -> 'Self Invoking'

var f; 
    f = function (){        « Expression var Function
    console.log('var Function');                                   f ()  -> 'var Function'
    };

(function selfExecuting(){
    console.log('IIFE - Immediately-Invoked Function Expression');
}());

var anonymous = function (){
    console.log('anonymous function Expression');
};

var namedExpression = function for_InternalUSE(fact){
    if(fact === 1){
        return 1;
    }

    var localExpression = function(){
        console.log('Local to the parent Function Scope');
    };
    globalExpression = function(){ 
        console.log('creates a new global variable, then assigned this function.');
    };

    //return; //undefined.
    return fact * for_InternalUSE( fact - 1);   
};

namedExpression();
globalExpression();

JavaScript 被解释为

var anonymous;
var namedExpression;
var globalExpression;

anonymous = function (){
    console.log('anonymous function Expression');
};

namedExpression = function for_InternalUSE(fact){
    var localExpression;

    if(fact === 1){
        return 1;
    }
    localExpression = function(){
        console.log('Local to the parent Function Scope');
    };
    globalExpression = function(){ 
        console.log('creates a new global variable, then assigned this function.');
    };

    return fact * for_InternalUSE( fact - 1);    // DEFAULT UNDEFINED.
};

namedExpression(10);
globalExpression();

ES5 Constructor 功能类:使用 Function.prototype.bind 创建的功能对象

function Shape(id) { // Function Declaration
    this.id = id;
};
    // Adding a prototyped method to a function.
    Shape.prototype.getID = function () {
        return this.id;
    };
    Shape.prototype.setID = function ( id ) {
        this.id = id;
    };

var expFn = Shape; // Function Expression

var funObj = new Shape( ); // Function Object
funObj.hasOwnProperty('prototype'); // false
funObj.setID( 10 );
console.log( funObj.getID() ); // 10

ArrowFunction : ArrowParameters => ConciseBody. const fn = (item) => {返回项目 & 1? 'Odd' : 'Even'; }; console.log( fn(2) ); // Even console.log( fn(3) ); // Odd

2016-01-25 14:46:53

要注意的一个重要点是:

让我们有两个功能:

sum(1,2);

const sum = function(first, second) {
  return first + second;
}

在上述情況下,它會導致錯誤,金額不被定義,但

sum(1,2);

function sum(first, second) {
  return first + second;
}

此函数不会有任何错误,因为在这种情况下会发生 Hoisting。

2018-10-18 18:57:07

var functionName = 函数() {} vs 函数函数Name() {}

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