假设我有一个左外连接,如下所示:

from f in Foo
join b in Bar on f.Foo_Id equals b.Foo_Id into g
from result in g.DefaultIfEmpty()
select new { Foo = f, Bar = result }

如何使用扩展方法表达相同的任务?如。

Foo.GroupJoin(Bar, f => f.Foo_Id, b => b.Foo_Id, (f,b) => ???)
    .Select(???)

当前回答

Marc Gravell的答案变成了一个支持IQueryable<T>接口的扩展方法,并添加了对c# 8.0 NRT的支持,如下所示:

#nullable enable
using LinqKit;
using LinqKit.Core;
using System.Linq.Expressions;

...

/// <summary>
/// Left join queryable. Linq to SQL compatible. IMPORTANT: any Includes must be put on the source collections before calling this method.
/// </summary>
public static IQueryable<TResult> LeftJoin<TOuter, TInner, TKey, TResult>(
    this IQueryable<TOuter> outer,
    IQueryable<TInner> inner,
    Expression<Func<TOuter, TKey>> outerKeySelector,
    Expression<Func<TInner, TKey>> innerKeySelector,
    Expression<Func<TOuter, TInner?, TResult>> resultSelector)
{
    return outer
        .AsExpandable()
        .GroupJoin(
            inner,
            outerKeySelector,
            innerKeySelector,
            (outerItem, innerItems) => new { outerItem, innerItems })
        .SelectMany(
            joinResult => joinResult.innerItems.DefaultIfEmpty(),
            (joinResult, innerItem) =>
                resultSelector.Invoke(joinResult.outerItem, innerItem));
}

其他回答

对我来说更简单。

var appuser = appUsers.GroupJoin(trackLogin, u => u.Id, ur => ur.UserId, (u, ur) => new { u = u, ur = ur })
                    .Select( m => new { m.u.Id, m.u.Email, m.u.IsSuperUser, m.u.RoleId, 
                        LastLogin = m.ur.Select(t => t.LastLogin).FirstOrDefault()}).ToList();

要实现两个数据集的连接,不需要使用组连接方法。

内连接:

var qry = Foos.SelectMany
            (
                foo => Bars.Where (bar => foo.Foo_id == bar.Foo_id),
                (foo, bar) => new
                    {
                    Foo = foo,
                    Bar = bar
                    }
            );

对于左连接,只需添加DefaultIfEmpty()

var qry = Foos.SelectMany
            (
                foo => Bars.Where (bar => foo.Foo_id == bar.Foo_id).DefaultIfEmpty(),
                (foo, bar) => new
                    {
                    Foo = foo,
                    Bar = bar
                    }
            );

EF和LINQ to SQL正确转换为SQL。 对于LINQ to Objects,最好使用GroupJoin,因为它在内部使用Lookup。但是如果您正在查询DB,那么跳过GroupJoin是AFAIK作为性能。

Personlay对我来说,这种方式比GroupJoin()更具可读性。

你可以创建这样的扩展方法:

public static IEnumerable<TResult> LeftOuterJoin<TSource, TInner, TKey, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, IEnumerable<TInner> other, Func<TSource, TKey> func, Func<TInner, TKey> innerkey, Func<TSource, TInner, TResult> res)
    {
        return from f in source
               join b in other on func.Invoke(f) equals innerkey.Invoke(b) into g
               from result in g.DefaultIfEmpty()
               select res.Invoke(f, result);
    }

将Marc Gravell的答案转换为一个扩展方法,我做了以下工作。

internal static IEnumerable<Tuple<TLeft, TRight>> LeftJoin<TLeft, TRight, TKey>(
    this IEnumerable<TLeft> left,
    IEnumerable<TRight> right,
    Func<TLeft, TKey> selectKeyLeft,
    Func<TRight, TKey> selectKeyRight,
    TRight defaultRight = default(TRight),
    IEqualityComparer<TKey> cmp = null)
{
    return left.GroupJoin(
            right,
            selectKeyLeft,
            selectKeyRight,
            (x, y) => new Tuple<TLeft, IEnumerable<TRight>>(x, y),
            cmp ?? EqualityComparer<TKey>.Default)
        .SelectMany(
            x => x.Item2.DefaultIfEmpty(defaultRight),
            (x, y) => new Tuple<TLeft, TRight>(x.Item1, y));
}

改进Ocelot20的答案,如果你有一个表,你只是想要0或1行,但它可以有多个,你需要对你的连接表排序:

var qry = Foos.GroupJoin(
      Bars.OrderByDescending(b => b.Id),
      foo => foo.Foo_Id,
      bar => bar.Foo_Id,
      (f, bs) => new { Foo = f, Bar = bs.FirstOrDefault() });

否则,您在join中获得的行将是随机的(或者更具体地说,无论db碰巧先找到哪一行)。