实现以下目标最有效的算法是什么:
0010 0000 => 0000 0100
从MSB->LSB转换为LSB->MSB。所有位都必须反转;也就是说,这不是字节交换。
实现以下目标最有效的算法是什么:
0010 0000 => 0000 0100
从MSB->LSB转换为LSB->MSB。所有位都必须反转;也就是说,这不是字节交换。
当前回答
似乎许多其他帖子都关心速度(即最好=最快)。 简单性怎么样?考虑:
char ReverseBits(char character) {
char reversed_character = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
char ith_bit = (c >> i) & 1;
reversed_character |= (ith_bit << (sizeof(char) - 1 - i));
}
return reversed_character;
}
并希望聪明的编译器将为您优化。
如果你想反转一个更长的位列表(包含sizeof(char) * n位),你可以使用这个函数得到:
void ReverseNumber(char* number, int bit_count_in_number) {
int bytes_occupied = bit_count_in_number / sizeof(char);
// first reverse bytes
for (int i = 0; i <= (bytes_occupied / 2); i++) {
swap(long_number[i], long_number[n - i]);
}
// then reverse bits of each individual byte
for (int i = 0; i < bytes_occupied; i++) {
long_number[i] = ReverseBits(long_number[i]);
}
}
这将把[10000000,10101010]反向转换为[01010101,00000001]。
其他回答
通用的
C代码。以1字节输入数据num为例。
unsigned char num = 0xaa; // 1010 1010 (aa) -> 0101 0101 (55)
int s = sizeof(num) * 8; // get number of bits
int i, x, y, p;
int var = 0; // make var data type to be equal or larger than num
for (i = 0; i < (s / 2); i++) {
// extract bit on the left, from MSB
p = s - i - 1;
x = num & (1 << p);
x = x >> p;
printf("x: %d\n", x);
// extract bit on the right, from LSB
y = num & (1 << i);
y = y >> i;
printf("y: %d\n", y);
var = var | (x << i); // apply x
var = var | (y << p); // apply y
}
printf("new: 0x%x\n", new);
您可能希望使用标准模板库。它可能比上面提到的代码慢。然而,在我看来,这似乎更清楚,更容易理解。
#include<bitset>
#include<iostream>
template<size_t N>
const std::bitset<N> reverse(const std::bitset<N>& ordered)
{
std::bitset<N> reversed;
for(size_t i = 0, j = N - 1; i < N; ++i, --j)
reversed[j] = ordered[i];
return reversed;
};
// test the function
int main()
{
unsigned long num;
const size_t N = sizeof(num)*8;
std::cin >> num;
std::cout << std::showbase << std::hex;
std::cout << "ordered = " << num << std::endl;
std::cout << "reversed = " << reverse<N>(num).to_ulong() << std::endl;
std::cout << "double_reversed = " << reverse<N>(reverse<N>(num)).to_ulong() << std::endl;
}
我认为下面是我所知道的最简单的方法。MSB是输入,LSB是“反向”输出:
unsigned char rev(char MSB) {
unsigned char LSB=0; // for output
_FOR(i,0,8) {
LSB= LSB << 1;
if(MSB&1) LSB = LSB | 1;
MSB= MSB >> 1;
}
return LSB;
}
// It works by rotating bytes in opposite directions.
// Just repeat for each byte.
// Purpose: to reverse bits in an unsigned short integer
// Input: an unsigned short integer whose bits are to be reversed
// Output: an unsigned short integer with the reversed bits of the input one
unsigned short ReverseBits( unsigned short a )
{
// declare and initialize number of bits in the unsigned short integer
const char num_bits = sizeof(a) * CHAR_BIT;
// declare and initialize bitset representation of integer a
bitset<num_bits> bitset_a(a);
// declare and initialize bitset representation of integer b (0000000000000000)
bitset<num_bits> bitset_b(0);
// declare and initialize bitset representation of mask (0000000000000001)
bitset<num_bits> mask(1);
for ( char i = 0; i < num_bits; ++i )
{
bitset_b = (bitset_b << 1) | bitset_a & mask;
bitset_a >>= 1;
}
return (unsigned short) bitset_b.to_ulong();
}
void PrintBits( unsigned short a )
{
// declare and initialize bitset representation of a
bitset<sizeof(a) * CHAR_BIT> bitset(a);
// print out bits
cout << bitset << endl;
}
// Testing the functionality of the code
int main ()
{
unsigned short a = 17, b;
cout << "Original: ";
PrintBits(a);
b = ReverseBits( a );
cout << "Reversed: ";
PrintBits(b);
}
// Output:
Original: 0000000000010001
Reversed: 1000100000000000
实现低内存和最快。
private Byte BitReverse(Byte bData)
{
Byte[] lookup = { 0, 8, 4, 12,
2, 10, 6, 14 ,
1, 9, 5, 13,
3, 11, 7, 15 };
Byte ret_val = (Byte)(((lookup[(bData & 0x0F)]) << 4) + lookup[((bData & 0xF0) >> 4)]);
return ret_val;
}