我没有将这个解决方案的性能与这里发布的其他答案进行比较，但我发现这个解决方案是最容易理解的，并且涵盖了计算中位数的全部数学公式。换句话说，这个解决方案对于偶数和奇数数据集足够健壮:

SELECT CASE 
-- odd-numbered data sets:
WHEN MOD(COUNT(*), 2) = 1 THEN (SELECT median.<value> AS median
FROM
(SELECT t1.<value>
  FROM (SELECT <value>, 
               ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY <value>) AS rownum
          FROM <data>) t1,
       (SELECT COUNT(*) AS num_records FROM <data>) t2
 WHERE t1.rownum =(t2.num_records) / 2) as median)
-- even-numbered data sets:
ELSE (select (low_bound.<value> + up_bound.<value>) / 2 AS median
FROM
(SELECT t1.<value>
  FROM (SELECT <value>, 
               ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY <value>) AS rownum
          FROM <data>) t1,
       (SELECT COUNT(*) AS num_records FROM <data>) t2
 WHERE t1.rownum =(t2.num_records - 1) / 2) as low_bound,
 (SELECT t1.<value>
  FROM (SELECT <value>, 
               ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY <value>) AS rownum
          FROM station) t1,
       (SELECT COUNT(*) AS num_records FROM data) t2
 WHERE t1.rownum =(t2.num_records + 1) / 2) as up_bound)
END
FROM <data>

最简单和快速的方法来计算中位数在mysql。

select x.col
from   (select lat_n, 
               count(1) over (partition by 'A')        as total_rows, 
               row_number() over (order by col asc) as rank_Order 
        from   station ft) x 
where  x.rank_Order = round(x.total_rows / 2.0, 0) 

让我们创建一个名为numbers的示例表

这个答案是针对mysql数据库的

在postgres Sql中，它简单地使用per_cont函数

创建表数字( num INT, 频率整数 ）;

在数字表中插入值

插入数字 (7) 0 (1, 1), (2、3), (1) 3 (9,1), (1, 1), (2、3), (1) 3 (9,1);

——select * from numbers

作为递归num_frequency (num,frequency, i) （ 选择num,频率,1 从数字 UNION ALL 选择num,频率,i + 1 从num_frequency num_frequency的地方。I < num_frequency.frequency ）

select * (max(当numbers=lower_limit时，则num else null end)/2 +max(当数字=upper_limit时，则num else null end)/2)作为中位数 从( select *, total_number % 2, 情况下 当total_number%2=0时，total_number/2 Else (total_number+1)/2 end as lower_limit， 情况下 当total_number%2=0时，total_number/2+1 其他(total_number + 1) / 2 结束为upper_limit

从( Select *，max(numbers) over() as total_number from ( Select num,row_number() over(按num排序) 作为num_frequency中的数字 b) b) b)

ORACLE的简单解决方案:

SELECT ROUND(MEDIAN(Lat_N), 4) FROM Station;

简单的解决方案，理解MySQL:

select case MOD(count(lat_n),2) 
when 1 then (select round(S.LAT_N,4) from station S where (select count(Lat_N) from station where Lat_N < S.LAT_N ) = (select count(Lat_N) from station where Lat_N > S.LAT_N))
else (select round(AVG(S.LAT_N),4) from station S where 1 = (select count(Lat_N) from station where Lat_N < S.LAT_N ) - (select count(Lat_N) from station where Lat_N > S.LAT_N))
end from station;

解释

STATION是表名。LAT_N是具有数值的列名

假设站表中有101条记录(奇数)。这意味着如果表以asc或desc排序，则中位数是第51条记录。

In above query for every S.LAT_N of S table I am creating two tables. One for number of LAT_N values less than S.LAT_N and another for number of LAT_N values greater than S.LAT_N. Later I am comparing these two tables and if they are matched then I am selecting that S.LAT_N value. When I check for 51st records there are 50 values less than 51st record and there 50 records greater than 51st record. As you see, there are 50 records in both tables. So this is our answer. For every other record there are different number of records in two tables created for comparison. So, only 51st record meets the condition.

现在假设站表中有100条记录(偶数)。这意味着如果表以asc或desc排序，则中位数是第50条和第51条记录的平均值。

Same as odd logic I am creating two tables. One for number of LAT_N values less than S.LAT_N and another for number of LAT_N values greater than S.LAT_N. Later I am comparing these two tables and if their difference is equal to 1 then I am selecting that S.LAT_N value and find the average. When I check for 50th records there are 49 values less than 50th record and there 51 records greater than 50th record. As you see, there is difference of 1 record in both tables. So this(50th record) is our 1st record for average. Similarly, When I check for 51st records there are 50 values less than 51st record and there 49 records greater than 51st record. As you see, there is difference of 1 record in both tables. So this(51st record) is our 2nd record for average. For every other record there are different number of records in two tables created for comparison. So, only 50th and 51st records meet the condition.

我使用下表的解决方案在MySQL:

CREATE TABLE transactions (
  transaction_id int , user_id int , merchant_name varchar(255), transaction_date date , amount int
);

INSERT INTO transactions (transaction_id, user_id, merchant_name, transaction_date, amount)  
VALUES (1, 1 ,'abc', '2015-08-17', 100),(2, 2, 'ced', '2015-2-17', 100),(3, 1, 'def', '2015-2-16', 121),
(4, 1 ,'ced', '2015-3-17', 110),(5, 1, 'ced', '2015-3-17', 150),(6, 2 ,'abc', '2015-4-17', 130), 
(7, 3 ,'ced', '2015-12-17', 10),(8, 3 ,'abc', '2015-8-17', 100),(9, 2 ,'abc', '2015-12-17', 140),(10, 1,'abc', '2015-9-17', 100),
(11, 1 ,'abc', '2015-08-17', 121),(12, 2 ,'ced', '2015-12-23', 130),(13, 1 ,'def', '2015-12-23', 13),(3, 4, 'abc', '2015-2-16', 120),(3, 4, 'def', '2015-2-16', 121),(3, 4, 'ced', '2015-2-16', 121);

计算“金额”列的中位数:

WITH Numbered AS 
(
SELECT *, COUNT(*) OVER () AS TotatRecords,
    ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY amount) AS RowNum
FROM transactions
)
SELECT Avg(amount)
FROM Numbered
WHERE RowNum IN ( FLOOR((TotatRecords+1)/2), FLOOR((TotatRecords+2)/2) )
;

TotalRecords = 16 and Median = 120.5000

此查询将适用于两种情况，即偶数和奇数记录。

我刚刚在网上的评论中找到了另一个答案:

对于几乎所有SQL中的中位数: SELECT x.val from data x, data y GROUP BY x.val 总和(符号(1-SIGN (y.val-x.val))) = (COUNT (*) + 1) / 2

确保列有良好的索引，并且索引用于筛选和排序。与解释计划核对。

select count(*) from table --find the number of rows

计算“中值”行号。可能使用:median_row = floor(count / 2)。

然后把它从列表中挑出来:

select val from table order by val asc limit median_row,1

这将返回您想要的值的一行。