用MySQL计算中位数最简单(希望不会太慢)的方法是什么?我已经使用AVG(x)来寻找平均值，但我很难找到一个简单的方法来计算中位数。现在，我将所有的行返回到PHP，进行排序，然后选择中间的行，但是肯定有一些简单的方法可以在一个MySQL查询中完成它。
示例数据:
id | val
--------
1 4
2 7
3 2
4 2
5 9
6 8
7 3
对val排序得到2 2 3 4 7 8 9，因此中位数应该是4，而SELECT AVG(val) == 5。
当前回答
让我们创建一个名为numbers的示例表
这个答案是针对mysql数据库的
在postgres Sql中，它简单地使用per_cont函数
创建表数字( num INT, 频率整数 ）;
在数字表中插入值
插入数字 (7) 0 (1, 1), (2、3), (1) 3 (9,1), (1, 1), (2、3), (1) 3 (9,1);
——select * from numbers
作为递归num_frequency (num,frequency, i) （ 选择num,频率,1 从数字 UNION ALL 选择num,频率,i + 1 从num_frequency num_frequency的地方。I < num_frequency.frequency ）
select * (max(当numbers=lower_limit时，则num else null end)/2 +max(当数字=upper_limit时，则num else null end)/2)作为中位数 从( select *, total_number % 2, 情况下 当total_number%2=0时，total_number/2 Else (total_number+1)/2 end as lower_limit， 情况下 当total_number%2=0时，total_number/2+1 其他(total_number + 1) / 2 结束为upper_limit
从( Select *，max(numbers) over() as total_number from ( Select num,row_number() over(按num排序) 作为num_frequency中的数字 b) b) b)
其他回答
按维度分组的中位数:
SELECT your_dimension, avg(t1.val) as median_val FROM (
SELECT @rownum:=@rownum+1 AS `row_number`,
IF(@dim <> d.your_dimension, @rownum := 0, NULL),
@dim := d.your_dimension AS your_dimension,
d.val
FROM data d, (SELECT @rownum:=0) r, (SELECT @dim := 'something_unreal') d
WHERE 1
-- put some where clause here
ORDER BY d.your_dimension, d.val
) as t1
INNER JOIN
(
SELECT d.your_dimension,
count(*) as total_rows
FROM data d
WHERE 1
-- put same where clause here
GROUP BY d.your_dimension
) as t2 USING(your_dimension)
WHERE 1
AND t1.row_number in ( floor((total_rows+1)/2), floor((total_rows+2)/2) )
GROUP BY your_dimension;
这种方法似乎包括偶数和奇数计数，没有子查询。
SELECT AVG(t1.x)
FROM table t1, table t2
GROUP BY t1.x
HAVING SUM(SIGN(t1.x - t2.x)) = 0
我发现这个答案非常有用——https://www.eversql.com/how-to-calculate-median-value-in-mysql-using-a-simple-sql-query/
SET @rowindex := -1;
SELECT
AVG(g.grade)
FROM
(SELECT @rowindex:=@rowindex + 1 AS rowindex,
grades.grade AS grade
FROM grades
ORDER BY grades.grade) AS g
WHERE
g.rowindex IN (FLOOR(@rowindex / 2) , CEIL(@rowindex / 2));
基于@bob的回答，这将查询泛化为能够返回多个中位数，并按某些标准分组。
想想，例如，一个车场二手车的中位数销售价格，按年-月分组。
SELECT
period,
AVG(middle_values) AS 'median'
FROM (
SELECT t1.sale_price AS 'middle_values', t1.row_num, t1.period, t2.count
FROM (
SELECT
@last_period:=@period AS 'last_period',
@period:=DATE_FORMAT(sale_date, '%Y-%m') AS 'period',
IF (@period<>@last_period, @row:=1, @row:=@row+1) as `row_num`,
x.sale_price
FROM listings AS x, (SELECT @row:=0) AS r
WHERE 1
-- where criteria goes here
ORDER BY DATE_FORMAT(sale_date, '%Y%m'), x.sale_price
) AS t1
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT COUNT(*) as 'count', DATE_FORMAT(sale_date, '%Y-%m') AS 'period'
FROM listings x
WHERE 1
-- same where criteria goes here
GROUP BY DATE_FORMAT(sale_date, '%Y%m')
) AS t2
ON t1.period = t2.period
) AS t3
WHERE
row_num >= (count/2)
AND row_num <= ((count/2) + 1)
GROUP BY t3.period
ORDER BY t3.period;
我使用了两个查询方法:
第一个得到count, min, Max和avg 第二个语句(预处理语句)使用“LIMIT @count/ 2,1”和“ORDER BY ..”子句来获得中值
它们被包装在函数defn中，因此可以从一次调用中返回所有值。
如果您的范围是静态的，并且数据不经常更改，那么预先计算/存储这些值并使用存储的值，而不是每次都从头查询，可能会更有效。
