我能从决策树中的训练树中提取基本的决策规则(或“决策路径”)作为文本列表吗?
喜欢的东西:
if A>0.4 then if B<0.2 then if C>0.8 then class='X'
我能从决策树中的训练树中提取基本的决策规则(或“决策路径”)作为文本列表吗?
喜欢的东西:
if A>0.4 then if B<0.2 then if C>0.8 then class='X'
当前回答
from StringIO import StringIO
out = StringIO()
out = tree.export_graphviz(clf, out_file=out)
print out.getvalue()
你可以看到一个有向图树。然后,clf.tree_。Feature和clf.tree_。值分别为节点数组拆分特征和节点数组值。你可以参考这个github来源的更多细节。
其他回答
这是基于@paulkernfeld的回答。如果你有一个包含特征的数据框架X和一个包含共振的目标数据框架y,你想知道哪个y值结束于哪个节点(并相应地绘制它),你可以做以下工作:
def tree_to_code(tree, feature_names):
from sklearn.tree import _tree
codelines = []
codelines.append('def get_cat(X_tmp):\n')
codelines.append(' catout = []\n')
codelines.append(' for codelines in range(0,X_tmp.shape[0]):\n')
codelines.append(' Xin = X_tmp.iloc[codelines]\n')
tree_ = tree.tree_
feature_name = [
feature_names[i] if i != _tree.TREE_UNDEFINED else "undefined!"
for i in tree_.feature
]
#print "def tree({}):".format(", ".join(feature_names))
def recurse(node, depth):
indent = " " * depth
if tree_.feature[node] != _tree.TREE_UNDEFINED:
name = feature_name[node]
threshold = tree_.threshold[node]
codelines.append ('{}if Xin["{}"] <= {}:\n'.format(indent, name, threshold))
recurse(tree_.children_left[node], depth + 1)
codelines.append( '{}else: # if Xin["{}"] > {}\n'.format(indent, name, threshold))
recurse(tree_.children_right[node], depth + 1)
else:
codelines.append( '{}mycat = {}\n'.format(indent, node))
recurse(0, 1)
codelines.append(' catout.append(mycat)\n')
codelines.append(' return pd.DataFrame(catout,index=X_tmp.index,columns=["category"])\n')
codelines.append('node_ids = get_cat(X)\n')
return codelines
mycode = tree_to_code(clf,X.columns.values)
# now execute the function and obtain the dataframe with all nodes
exec(''.join(mycode))
node_ids = [int(x[0]) for x in node_ids.values]
node_ids2 = pd.DataFrame(node_ids)
print('make plot')
import matplotlib.cm as cm
colors = cm.rainbow(np.linspace(0, 1, 1+max( list(set(node_ids)))))
#plt.figure(figsize=cm2inch(24, 21))
for i in list(set(node_ids)):
plt.plot(y[node_ids2.values==i],'o',color=colors[i], label=str(i))
mytitle = ['y colored by node']
plt.title(mytitle ,fontsize=14)
plt.xlabel('my xlabel')
plt.ylabel(tagname)
plt.xticks(rotation=70)
plt.legend(loc='upper center', bbox_to_anchor=(0.5, 1.00), shadow=True, ncol=9)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
plt.close
不是最优雅的版本,但它做到了…
下面是一种使用SKompiler库将整个树转换为单个(不一定太容易读懂)python表达式的方法:
from skompiler import skompile
skompile(dtree.predict).to('python/code')
下面是一个函数,在python3下打印scikit-learn决策树的规则,并对条件块进行偏移,使结构更具可读性:
def print_decision_tree(tree, feature_names=None, offset_unit=' '):
'''Plots textual representation of rules of a decision tree
tree: scikit-learn representation of tree
feature_names: list of feature names. They are set to f1,f2,f3,... if not specified
offset_unit: a string of offset of the conditional block'''
left = tree.tree_.children_left
right = tree.tree_.children_right
threshold = tree.tree_.threshold
value = tree.tree_.value
if feature_names is None:
features = ['f%d'%i for i in tree.tree_.feature]
else:
features = [feature_names[i] for i in tree.tree_.feature]
def recurse(left, right, threshold, features, node, depth=0):
offset = offset_unit*depth
if (threshold[node] != -2):
print(offset+"if ( " + features[node] + " <= " + str(threshold[node]) + " ) {")
if left[node] != -1:
recurse (left, right, threshold, features,left[node],depth+1)
print(offset+"} else {")
if right[node] != -1:
recurse (left, right, threshold, features,right[node],depth+1)
print(offset+"}")
else:
print(offset+"return " + str(value[node]))
recurse(left, right, threshold, features, 0,0)
我已经经历过这些了,但我需要把规则写成这种形式
if A>0.4 then if B<0.2 then if C>0.8 then class='X'
所以我改编了@paulkernfeld的答案(谢谢),你可以根据自己的需要定制
def tree_to_code(tree, feature_names, Y):
tree_ = tree.tree_
feature_name = [
feature_names[i] if i != _tree.TREE_UNDEFINED else "undefined!"
for i in tree_.feature
]
pathto=dict()
global k
k = 0
def recurse(node, depth, parent):
global k
indent = " " * depth
if tree_.feature[node] != _tree.TREE_UNDEFINED:
name = feature_name[node]
threshold = tree_.threshold[node]
s= "{} <= {} ".format( name, threshold, node )
if node == 0:
pathto[node]=s
else:
pathto[node]=pathto[parent]+' & ' +s
recurse(tree_.children_left[node], depth + 1, node)
s="{} > {}".format( name, threshold)
if node == 0:
pathto[node]=s
else:
pathto[node]=pathto[parent]+' & ' +s
recurse(tree_.children_right[node], depth + 1, node)
else:
k=k+1
print(k,')',pathto[parent], tree_.value[node])
recurse(0, 1, 0)
from StringIO import StringIO
out = StringIO()
out = tree.export_graphviz(clf, out_file=out)
print out.getvalue()
你可以看到一个有向图树。然后,clf.tree_。Feature和clf.tree_。值分别为节点数组拆分特征和节点数组值。你可以参考这个github来源的更多细节。