并行实现怎么样

public static void InitializeArray<T>(T[] array, T value)
{
    var cores = Environment.ProcessorCount;

    ArraySegment<T>[] segments = new ArraySegment<T>[cores];

    var step = array.Length / cores;
    for (int i = 0; i < cores; i++)
    {
        segments[i] = new ArraySegment<T>(array, i * step, step);
    }
    var remaining = array.Length % cores;
    if (remaining != 0)
    {
        var lastIndex = segments.Length - 1;
        segments[lastIndex] = new ArraySegment<T>(array, lastIndex * step, array.Length - (lastIndex * step));
    }

    var initializers = new Task[cores];
    for (int i = 0; i < cores; i++)
    {
        var index = i;
        var t = new Task(() =>
        {
            var s = segments[index];
            for (int j = 0; j < s.Count; j++)
            {
                array[j + s.Offset] = value;
            }
        });
        initializers[i] = t;
        t.Start();
    }

    Task.WaitAll(initializers);
}

当只初始化一个数组时，这段代码的力量是看不出来的，但我认为你绝对应该忘记“纯”for。

在谷歌搜索和阅读之后，我发现了这个:

bool[] bPrimes = new bool[1000000];
bPrimes = Array.ConvertAll<bool, bool>(bPrimes, b=> b=true);

这肯定更接近我要找的东西。但我不确定这是否比在for循环中遍历原始数组并只更改值更好。事实上，经过快速测试后，它看起来慢了大约5倍。所以这不是一个好的解决方案!

只是一个基准:

BenchmarkDotNet=v0.12.1, OS=Windows 10.0.18363.997 (1909/November2018Update/19H2)
Intel Core i7-6700HQ CPU 2.60GHz (Skylake), 1 CPU, 8 logical and 4 physical cores
.NET Core SDK=3.1.302
  [Host]        : .NET Core 3.1.6 (CoreCLR 4.700.20.26901, CoreFX 4.700.20.31603), X64 RyuJIT
  .NET Core 3.1 : .NET Core 3.1.6 (CoreCLR 4.700.20.26901, CoreFX 4.700.20.31603), X64 RyuJIT

Job=.NET Core 3.1  Runtime=.NET Core 3.1

|           Method |     Mean |     Error |    StdDev |
|----------------- |---------:|----------:|----------:|
| EnumerableRepeat | 2.311 us | 0.0228 us | 0.0213 us |
|  NewArrayForEach | 2.007 us | 0.0392 us | 0.0348 us |
|        ArrayFill | 2.426 us | 0.0103 us | 0.0092 us |

    [SimpleJob(BenchmarkDotNet.Jobs.RuntimeMoniker.NetCoreApp31)]
    public class InitializeArrayBenchmark {
        const int ArrayLength = 1600;

        [Benchmark]
        public double[] EnumerableRepeat() {
            return Enumerable.Repeat(double.PositiveInfinity, ArrayLength).ToArray();
        }

        [Benchmark]
        public double[] NewArrayForEach() {
            var array = new double[ArrayLength];

            for (int i = 0; i < array.Length; i++) {
                array[i] = double.PositiveInfinity;
            }

            return array;
        }

        [Benchmark]
        public double[] ArrayFill() {
            var array = new double[ArrayLength];
            Array.Fill(array, double.PositiveInfinity);

            return array;
        }
    }

下面的代码结合了小副本的简单迭代和Array。复印大份

    public static void Populate<T>( T[] array, int startIndex, int count, T value ) {
        if ( array == null ) {
            throw new ArgumentNullException( "array" );
        }
        if ( (uint)startIndex >= array.Length ) {
            throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException( "startIndex", "" );
        }
        if ( count < 0 || ( (uint)( startIndex + count ) > array.Length ) ) {
            throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException( "count", "" );
        }
        const int Gap = 16;
        int i = startIndex;

        if ( count <= Gap * 2 ) {
            while ( count > 0 ) {
                array[ i ] = value;
                count--;
                i++;
            }
            return;
        }
        int aval = Gap;
        count -= Gap;

        do {
            array[ i ] = value;
            i++;
            --aval;
        } while ( aval > 0 );

        aval = Gap;
        while ( true ) {
            Array.Copy( array, startIndex, array, i, aval );
            i += aval;
            count -= aval;
            aval *= 2;
            if ( count <= aval ) {
                Array.Copy( array, startIndex, array, i, count );
                break;
            }
        }
    }

使用int[]数组的不同数组长度的基准是:

         2 Iterate:     1981 Populate:     2845
         4 Iterate:     2678 Populate:     3915
         8 Iterate:     4026 Populate:     6592
        16 Iterate:     6825 Populate:    10269
        32 Iterate:    16766 Populate:    18786
        64 Iterate:    27120 Populate:    35187
       128 Iterate:    49769 Populate:    53133
       256 Iterate:   100099 Populate:    71709
       512 Iterate:   184722 Populate:   107933
      1024 Iterate:   363727 Populate:   126389
      2048 Iterate:   710963 Populate:   220152
      4096 Iterate:  1419732 Populate:   291860
      8192 Iterate:  2854372 Populate:   685834
     16384 Iterate:  5703108 Populate:  1444185
     32768 Iterate: 11396999 Populate:  3210109

第一列是数组大小，然后是使用简单迭代(@ jaredared实现)复制的时间。此方法的时间在此之后。 这些基准测试使用了一个由四个整数组成的结构数组

         2 Iterate:     2473 Populate:     4589
         4 Iterate:     3966 Populate:     6081
         8 Iterate:     7326 Populate:     9050
        16 Iterate:    14606 Populate:    16114
        32 Iterate:    29170 Populate:    31473
        64 Iterate:    57117 Populate:    52079
       128 Iterate:   112927 Populate:    75503
       256 Iterate:   226767 Populate:   133276
       512 Iterate:   447424 Populate:   165912
      1024 Iterate:   890158 Populate:   367087
      2048 Iterate:  1786918 Populate:   492909
      4096 Iterate:  3570919 Populate:  1623861
      8192 Iterate:  7136554 Populate:  2857678
     16384 Iterate: 14258354 Populate:  6437759
     32768 Iterate: 28351852 Populate: 12843259

不幸的是，我不认为有一个直接的方法，但我认为你可以为数组类写一个扩展方法来做到这一点

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        int[] arr = new int[1000];
        arr.Init(10);
        Array.ForEach(arr, Console.WriteLine);
    }
}

public static class ArrayExtensions
{
    public static void Init<T>(this T[] array, T defaultVaue)
    {
        if (array == null)
            return;
        for (int i = 0; i < array.Length; i++)
        {
            array[i] = defaultVaue;
        }
    }
}

没有办法将数组中的所有元素设置为单个操作，除非，该值是元素类型的默认值。

例如，如果它是一个整数数组，你可以通过一个操作将它们全部设置为0，如下所示: Array.Clear(…)