状态是react处理组件所持有信息的方式。

假设有一个组件需要从服务器获取一些数据。您通常希望通知用户请求是否正在处理，请求是否失败，等等。这是一条与特定组件相关的信息。这就是状态进入游戏的地方。

通常定义状态的最佳方法如下:

class MyComponent extends React.Component {
  constructor() {
    super();
    this.state = { key1: value1, key2: value2 }    
  }
}

但是在react native的最新实现中，你可以这样做:

class MyComponent extends React.Component {
  state = { key1: value1, key2: value2 }    
}

这两个例子以完全相同的方式执行，这只是语法上的改进。

那么，与我们在面向对象编程中总是使用对象属性有什么不同呢?通常，在您的状态中保存的信息并不是静态的，它会随着时间的推移而变化，您的视图需要更新以反映这些变化。State以一种简单的方式提供了此功能。

状态是不可改变的!我再怎么强调也不为过。这意味着什么?这意味着你永远不应该做这样的事情。

 state.key2 = newValue;

正确的做法是:

this.setState({ key2: newValue });

使用这个。setState你的组件在更新周期中运行，如果状态的任何部分发生变化，你的组件呈现方法将被再次调用以反映这些变化。

请查看react文档以获得更详细的解释: https://facebook.github.io/react/docs/state-and-lifecycle.html

在React中，状态存储数据和道具。它与后者的不同之处在于存储的数据可以通过不同的更改进行修改。它们只不过是用JavaScript编写的对象，所以它们可以包含数据或代码，表示您想要建模的信息。如果您需要更多的细节，建议您阅读这些出版物 在React和 React中道具的使用

道具和状态之间的关键区别在于，状态是内部的，由组件本身控制，而道具是外部的，由呈现组件的任何东西控制。

function A(props) {
  return <h1>{props.message}</h1>
}

render(<A message=”hello” />,document.getElementById(“root”));

class A extends React.Component{  
  constructor(props) {  
    super(props)  
    this.state={data:"Sample Data"}  
  }  
  render() {
    return(<h2>Class State data: {this.state.data}</h2>)  
  } 
}

render(<A />, document.getElementById("root"));

状态可以改变(可变的) 而道具不能(不可变)

道具——你不能改变它的值。 States—您可以在代码中更改它的值，但当呈现发生时它将是活动的。

Basically, props and state are two ways the component can know what and how to render. Which part of the application state belongs to state and which to some top-level store, is more related to your app design, than to how React works. The simplest way to decide, IMO, is to think, whether this particular piece of data is useful for application as a whole, or it's some local information. Also, it's important to not duplicate state, so if some piece of data can be calculated from props - it should calculated from props.

For example, let's say you have some dropdown control (which wraps standart HTML select for custom styling), which can a) select some value from list, and b) be opened or closed (i.e., the options list displayed or hidden). Now, let's say your app displays a list of items of some sort and your dropdown controls filter for list entries. Then, it would be best to pass active filter value as a prop, and keep opened/closed state local. Also, to make it functional, you would pass an onChange handler from parent component, which would be called inside dropdown element and send updated information (new selected filter) to the store immediately. On the other hand, opened/closed state can be kept inside dropdown component, because the rest of the application doesn't really care if the control is opened, until user actually changes it value.

下面的代码是不完全工作，它需要css和处理下拉单击/模糊/改变事件，但我想保持示例最小。希望这有助于理解其中的区别。

const _store = {
    items: [
    { id: 1, label: 'One' },
    { id: 2, label: 'Two' },
    { id: 3, label: 'Three', new: true },
    { id: 4, label: 'Four', new: true },
    { id: 5, label: 'Five', important: true },
    { id: 6, label: 'Six' },
    { id: 7, label: 'Seven', important: true },
    ],
  activeFilter: 'important',
  possibleFilters: [
    { key: 'all', label: 'All' },
    { key: 'new', label: 'New' },
    { key: 'important', label: 'Important' }
  ]
}

function getFilteredItems(items, filter) {
    switch (filter) {
    case 'all':
        return items;

    case 'new':
        return items.filter(function(item) { return Boolean(item.new); });

    case 'important':
        return items.filter(function(item) { return Boolean(item.important); });

    default:
        return items;
  }
}

const App = React.createClass({
  render: function() {
    return (
            <div>
            My list:

            <ItemList   items={this.props.listItems} />
          <div>
            <Dropdown 
              onFilterChange={function(e) {
                _store.activeFilter = e.currentTarget.value;
                console.log(_store); // in real life, some action would be dispatched here
              }}
              filterOptions={this.props.filterOptions}
              value={this.props.activeFilter}
              />
          </div>
        </div>
      );
  }
});

const ItemList = React.createClass({
  render: function() {
    return (
      <div>
        {this.props.items.map(function(item) {
          return <div key={item.id}>{item.id}: {item.label}</div>;
        })}
      </div>
    );
  }
});

const Dropdown = React.createClass({
    getInitialState: function() {
    return {
        isOpen: false
    };
  },

  render: function() {
    return (
        <div>
            <select 
            className="hidden-select" 
          onChange={this.props.onFilterChange}
          value={this.props.value}>
            {this.props.filterOptions.map(function(option) {
            return <option value={option.key} key={option.key}>{option.label}</option>
          })}
        </select>

        <div className={'custom-select' + (this.state.isOpen ? ' open' : '')} onClick={this.onClick}>
            <div className="selected-value">{this.props.activeFilter}</div>
          {this.props.filterOptions.map(function(option) {
            return <div data-value={option.key} key={option.key}>{option.label}</div>
          })}
        </div>
      </div>
    );
  },

  onClick: function(e) {
    this.setState({
        isOpen: !this.state.isOpen
    });
  }
});

ReactDOM.render(
  <App 
    listItems={getFilteredItems(_store.items, _store.activeFilter)} 
    filterOptions={_store.possibleFilters}
    activeFilter={_store.activeFilter}
    />,
  document.getElementById('root')
);

简而言之。

道具值不能改变[不可变] 使用setState方法[mutable]可以改变状态值