这个问题发生在我使用实体框架创建数据库，然后用初始数据播种数据库时，这使得序列不匹配。

我通过创建一个脚本来解决这个问题，在播种数据库后运行:

DO
$do$
DECLARE tablename text;
BEGIN
    -- change the where statments to include or exclude whatever tables you need
    FOR tablename IN SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema='public' AND table_type='BASE TABLE' AND table_name != '__EFMigrationsHistory'
        LOOP
            EXECUTE format('SELECT setval(pg_get_serial_sequence(''"%s"'', ''Id''), (SELECT MAX("Id") + 1 from "%s"))', tablename, tablename);
    END LOOP;
END
$do$

ALTER SEQUENCE sequence_name RESTART WITH (SELECT max(id) FROM table_name); 是行不通的。

复制自@tardate答案:

SELECT setval(pg_get_serial_sequence('table_name', 'id'), MAX(id)) FROM table_name;

这个答案是从毛罗那里抄来的。

drop function IF EXISTS rebuilt_sequences() RESTRICT;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION  rebuilt_sequences() RETURNS integer as
$body$
  DECLARE sequencedefs RECORD; c integer ;
  BEGIN
    FOR sequencedefs IN Select
      DISTINCT(constraint_column_usage.table_name) as tablename,
      constraint_column_usage.column_name as columnname,
      replace(replace(columns.column_default,'''::regclass)',''),'nextval(''','') as sequencename
      from information_schema.constraint_column_usage, information_schema.columns
      where constraint_column_usage.table_schema ='public' AND 
      columns.table_schema = 'public' AND columns.table_name=constraint_column_usage.table_name
      AND constraint_column_usage.column_name = columns.column_name
      AND columns.column_default is not null 
      ORDER BY sequencename
   LOOP    
      EXECUTE 'select max('||sequencedefs.columnname||') from ' || sequencedefs.tablename INTO c;
      IF c is null THEN c = 0; END IF;
      IF c is not null THEN c = c+ 1; END IF;
      EXECUTE 'alter sequence ' || sequencedefs.sequencename ||' minvalue '||c ||' start ' || c ||' restart  with ' || c;
   END LOOP;

   RETURN 1; END;
$body$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

select rebuilt_sequences();

这里有很多很好的答案。在重新加载Django数据库后，我也有同样的需求。

但我需要:

All in one功能 可以一次修复一个或多个模式吗 可以修复所有或只是一个表的时间 还想要一个很好的方式来确切地看到什么改变了，或没有改变

这似乎与最初的要求非常相似。 多亏了Baldiry和Mauro让我找到了正确的方向。

drop function IF EXISTS reset_sequences(text[], text) RESTRICT;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION reset_sequences(
    in_schema_name_list text[] = '{"django", "dbaas", "metrics", "monitor", "runner", "db_counts"}',
    in_table_name text = '%') RETURNS text[] as
$body$
  DECLARE changed_seqs text[];
  DECLARE sequence_defs RECORD; c integer ;
  BEGIN
    FOR sequence_defs IN
        select
          DISTINCT(ccu.table_name) as table_name,
          ccu.column_name as column_name,
          replace(replace(c.column_default,'''::regclass)',''),'nextval(''','') as sequence_name
          from information_schema.constraint_column_usage ccu,
               information_schema.columns c
          where ccu.table_schema = ANY(in_schema_name_list)
            and ccu.table_schema = c.table_schema
            AND c.table_name = ccu.table_name
            and c.table_name like in_table_name
            AND ccu.column_name = c.column_name
            AND c.column_default is not null
          ORDER BY sequence_name
   LOOP
      EXECUTE 'select max(' || sequence_defs.column_name || ') from ' || sequence_defs.table_name INTO c;
      IF c is null THEN c = 1; else c = c + 1; END IF;
      EXECUTE 'alter sequence ' || sequence_defs.sequence_name || ' restart  with ' || c;
      changed_seqs = array_append(changed_seqs, 'alter sequence ' || sequence_defs.sequence_name || ' restart with ' || c);
   END LOOP;
   changed_seqs = array_append(changed_seqs, 'Done');

   RETURN changed_seqs;
END
$body$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

然后执行并查看更改运行:

select *
from unnest(reset_sequences('{"django", "dbaas", "metrics", "monitor", "runner", "db_counts"}'));

返回

activity_id_seq                          restart at 22
api_connection_info_id_seq               restart at 4
api_user_id_seq                          restart at 1
application_contact_id_seq               restart at 20

选择setval…使JDBC变得无聊，所以这里有一种与java兼容的方法:

-- work around JDBC 'A result was returned when none was expected.'
-- fix broken nextval due to poorly written 20140320100000_CreateAdminUserRoleTables.sql
DO 'BEGIN PERFORM setval(pg_get_serial_sequence(''admin_user_role_groups'', ''id''), 1 + COALESCE(MAX(id), 0), FALSE) FROM admin_user_role_groups; END;';

我找不到Rails的明确答案。

从rails控制台

ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute("SELECT setval(pg_get_serial_sequence('table_name', 'id'), MAX(id)) FROM table_name;")

例如将table_name替换为users。