在编码术语中，多态性是指您的对象可以通过继承等方式以多种类型存在。如果你创建了一个名为“Shape”的类，它定义了对象的边数，那么你可以创建一个继承它的新类，如“Square”。当你随后创建一个“Square”实例时，你可以根据需要将它从“Shape”前后转换为“Square”。

多态性是一个对象具有多种形式的能力。在OOP中，多态性最常见的用法是用父类引用引用子类对象。在这个用Java编写的例子中，我们有三种类型的车辆。我们创建了三个不同的对象，并尝试运行他们的轮子方法:

public class PolymorphismExample {

    public static abstract class Vehicle
    {
        public int wheels(){
            return 0;
        }
    }

    public static class Bike extends Vehicle
    {
        @Override
        public int wheels()
        {
            return 2;
        }
    }

    public static class Car extends Vehicle
    {
        @Override
        public int wheels()
        {
            return 4;
        }
    }

    public static class Truck extends Vehicle
    {
        @Override
        public int wheels()
        {
            return 18;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Vehicle bike = new Bike();
        Vehicle car = new Car();
        Vehicle truck = new Truck();

        System.out.println("Bike has "+bike.wheels()+" wheels");
        System.out.println("Car has "+car.wheels()+" wheels");
        System.out.println("Truck has "+truck.wheels()+" wheels");
    }

}

结果是:

欲了解更多信息，请访问https://github.com/m-vahidalizadeh/java_advanced/blob/master/src/files/PolymorphismExample.java。我希望这能有所帮助。

通常这指的是A类型对象的行为与b类型对象相似的能力。在面向对象编程中，这通常是通过继承来实现的。一些维基百科的链接来阅读更多:

面向对象编程中的多态性 类型多态性

编辑:固定破碎的链接。

从理解和应用PHP多态性，感谢Steve Guidetti。

Polymorphism is a long word for a very simple concept. Polymorphism describes a pattern in object oriented programming in which classes have different functionality while sharing a common interface. The beauty of polymorphism is that the code working with the different classes does not need to know which class it is using since they’re all used the same way. A real world analogy for polymorphism is a button. Everyone knows how to use a button: you simply apply pressure to it. What a button “does,” however, depends on what it is connected to and the context in which it is used — but the result does not affect how it is used. If your boss tells you to press a button, you already have all the information needed to perform the task. In the programming world, polymorphism is used to make applications more modular and extensible. Instead of messy conditional statements describing different courses of action, you create interchangeable objects that you select based on your needs. That is the basic goal of polymorphism.

多态性是一种将对象类视为父类的能力。

例如，假设有一个类叫Animal，还有一个类叫Dog，它继承自Animal。多态性是将任何Dog对象视为Animal对象的能力，如下所示:

Dog* dog = new Dog;
Animal* animal = dog;

让我们打个比方。对于一个特定的音乐剧本，每个演奏它的音乐家都有自己的诠释。

音乐家可以用接口抽象，音乐家所属的流派可以是一个抽象类，它定义了一些全局解释规则，每个演奏的音乐家都可以用具体类建模。

如果你是音乐作品的听众，你可以参考剧本，例如巴赫的“富加与托卡塔”，每个演奏它的音乐家都以自己的方式多态地演奏。

这只是一个可能的设计示例(在Java中):

public interface Musician {
  public void play(Work work);
}

public interface Work {
  public String getScript();
}

public class FugaAndToccata implements Work {
  public String getScript() {
    return Bach.getFugaAndToccataScript();
  }
}

public class AnnHalloway implements Musician {
  public void play(Work work) {
    // plays in her own style, strict, disciplined
    String script = work.getScript()
  }
}

public class VictorBorga implements Musician {
  public void play(Work work) {
    // goofing while playing with superb style
    String script = work.getScript()
  }
}

public class Listener {
  public void main(String[] args) {
    Musician musician;
    if (args!=null && args.length > 0 && args[0].equals("C")) {
      musician = new AnnHalloway();
    } else {
      musician = new TerryGilliam();
    }
    musician.play(new FugaAndToccata());
}