如何将任意长度的列表拆分为大小相等的块?


请参阅如果数据结果将直接用于循环,并且不需要存储,则如何以块形式遍历列表。

对于字符串输入的同一问题,请参见每n个字符拆分字符串?。相同的技术通常适用,但也有一些变化。


当前回答

没有魔力,但简单而正确:

def chunks(iterable, n):
    """Yield successive n-sized chunks from iterable."""
    values = []
    for i, item in enumerate(iterable, 1):
        values.append(item)
        if i % n == 0:
            yield values
            values = []
    if values:
        yield values

其他回答

我想我没有看到这个选项,所以只需添加另一个:):

def chunks(iterable, chunk_size):
  i = 0;
  while i < len(iterable):
    yield iterable[i:i+chunk_size]
    i += chunk_size

呵呵,单行版本

In [48]: chunk = lambda ulist, step:  map(lambda i: ulist[i:i+step],  xrange(0, len(ulist), step))

In [49]: chunk(range(1,100), 10)
Out[49]: 
[[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
 [11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20],
 [21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30],
 [31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40],
 [41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50],
 [51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60],
 [61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70],
 [71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80],
 [81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90],
 [91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99]]

我非常喜欢tzot和J.F.Sebastian提出的Python文档版本,但它有两个缺点:

它不是很明确我通常不希望在最后一个块中有填充值

我在代码中经常使用这个:

from itertools import islice

def chunks(n, iterable):
    iterable = iter(iterable)
    while True:
        yield tuple(islice(iterable, n)) or iterable.next()

更新:一个懒块版本:

from itertools import chain, islice

def chunks(n, iterable):
   iterable = iter(iterable)
   while True:
       yield chain([next(iterable)], islice(iterable, n-1))

考虑使用matplotlib.cbook片段

例如:

import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
segments = cbook.pieces(np.arange(20), 3)
for s in segments:
     print s

不调用len(),这对大型列表很有用:

def splitter(l, n):
    i = 0
    chunk = l[:n]
    while chunk:
        yield chunk
        i += n
        chunk = l[i:i+n]

这是可迭代的:

def isplitter(l, n):
    l = iter(l)
    chunk = list(islice(l, n))
    while chunk:
        yield chunk
        chunk = list(islice(l, n))

上述产品的功能风味:

def isplitter2(l, n):
    return takewhile(bool,
                     (tuple(islice(start, n))
                            for start in repeat(iter(l))))

OR:

def chunks_gen_sentinel(n, seq):
    continuous_slices = imap(islice, repeat(iter(seq)), repeat(0), repeat(n))
    return iter(imap(tuple, continuous_slices).next,())

OR:

def chunks_gen_filter(n, seq):
    continuous_slices = imap(islice, repeat(iter(seq)), repeat(0), repeat(n))
    return takewhile(bool,imap(tuple, continuous_slices))