试试看：

git clone --recurse-submodules

假设您已经将子模块添加到父项目中，它会自动引入子模块数据。

在填充子模块之前，您必须做两件事：

git submodule init 
git submodule update

您可以从github复制克隆url

然后使用：git clone—递归

我建议：

# - git submodule init initializes your local configuration file to track the submodules your repository uses, it just sets up the configuration so that you can use the git submodule update command to clone and update the submodules.
git submodule init
# - git submodule update --init initializes your local configuration file and clones the submodules for you, using the commit specified in the main repository.
#   note, command bellow will not pull the right branch -- even if it's in your .gitmodules file, for that you need remote. Likely because it looks at the origin (pointer to remote) in github for the available branches.
#   note, bellow pulls the submodules if you didn't specify them when cloning parent project, ref: https://youtu.be/wTGIDDg0tK8?t=119
git submodule update --init

如果您有子模块的特定分支，请将其更改为：

# - git submodule init initializes your local configuration file to track the submodules your repository uses, it just sets up the configuration so that you can use the git submodule update command to clone and update the submodules.
git submodule init

# - The --remote option tells Git to update the submodule to the commit specified in the upstream repository, rather than the commit specified in the main repository.
#git submodule update --init --remote
git submodule update --init --recursive --remote meta-dataset

对于测试的完整示例：

# decided against this because it seems complicated

# - note to clone uutils with its submodule do (cmd not tested):
cd $HOME
git clone --recurse-submodules git@github.com:brando90/ultimate-utils.git

# - git submodules
cd $HOME/diversity-for-predictive-success-of-meta-learning

# - in case it's needed if the submodules bellow have branches your local project doesn't know about from the submodules upstream
git fetch

# -- first repo
# - adds the repo to the .gitmodule & clones the repo
git submodule add -f -b hdb --name meta-dataset git@github.com:brando90/meta-dataset.git meta-dataset/

# - ref for init then update: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3796927/how-do-i-git-clone-a-repo-including-its-submodules/3796947#3796947
#git submodule init
#git submodule update

# - git submodule init initializes your local configuration file to track the submodules your repository uses, it just sets up the configuration so that you can use the git submodule update command to clone and update the submodules.
git submodule init
# - git submodule update --init initializes your local configuration file and clones the submodules for you, using the commit specified in the main repository.
#   note, command bellow will not pull the right branch -- even if it's in your .gitmodules file, for that you need remote. Likely because it looks at the origin (pointer to remote) in github for the available branches.
#   note, bellow pulls the submodules if you didn't specify them when cloning parent project, ref: https://youtu.be/wTGIDDg0tK8?t=119
git submodule update --init
# - The --remote option tells Git to update the submodule to the commit specified in the upstream repository, rather than the commit specified in the main repository.
#git submodule update --init --remote
git submodule update --init --recursive --remote meta-dataset

# - check we are using the right branch https://stackoverflow.com/questions/74998463/why-does-git-submodule-status-not-match-the-output-of-git-branch-of-my-submodule
git submodule status
cd meta-dataset
git branch  # should show hdb
cd ..

# pip install -r $HOME/meta-dataset/requirements.txt

# -- 2nd repo, simplified commands from above
git submodule add -f -b hdb --name pytorch-meta-dataset git@github.com:brando90/pytorch-meta-dataset.git pytorch-meta-dataset/

git submodule init
git submodule update --init --recursive --remote meta-dataset

# - check it's in specified branch
git submodule status
cd pytorch-meta-dataset
git branch  # should show hdb
cd ..

# pip install -r $HOME/pytorch-meta-dataset/requirements.txt

如果是一个新项目，你可以这样做：

$ git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/chaconinc/YourProjectName 

如果已安装，则：

$ cd YourProjectName (for the cases you are not at right directory) 
$ git submodule init
$ git submodule update

如何“git克隆”回购，包括其子模块？

（我把它作为一个独立的答案，因为我认为这在git中很重要）

可悲的是，但在很多情况下，那些不太知情的克隆人会错过外在的东西：

vc大便(https://github.com/dirk-thomas/vcstool)数字子报表(https://github.com/ingydotnet/git-subrepo)git链接(https://github.com/chronoxor/gil).gitsvnextmodule（由smartgit处理）。git外部(https://github.com/develer-staff/git-externals)git x模块(https://gitmodules.com/)等等

作为备份，无法创建裸克隆（--bare）+完全递归（--recursive）来镜像（--mirror）所有引用（而不仅仅是所有外部引用）：使用--recursive和--bare克隆git存储库

因此，对于git，没有一种内置的方法可以完全接受外部依赖关系。这意味着没有一种方法可以完全备份任何随机git存储库。